• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.650-660
• /
• 2017

In this study, pollutant emission characteristics by water damage period analyzed 11 items (water temperature, pH, DO, EC, BOD, COD, TOC, SS, T-N, T-P and flow) with load duration curve, time series load curve and factor analysis for three years (2014-2016). Load duration curve is applied to judge the level of impaired waterbody and estimate impaired level by pollutants such as BOD and T-P in this study depending on variation of stream flow. Water quality standard exceeded the flow of mid-range and low-range by flow condition evaluation using load duration curve. This watershed was influenced by point source more than non-point source. Cumulative excess rate of BOD and T-P kept water quality standard for all seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) except BOD 59% in spring. Water quality changes were influenced by pollutants of basic environmental treatment facilities and agricultural areas during spring and summer. Results of factor analysis were classified commonly first factor (BOD, COD, and TOC) and second factor (flow, water temperature and SS). Therefore, effects of artificial pollutants and maintenance water must be controlled seasonally and reduced relative to water damage caused by point pollution sources with effluent standard strengthened in the target watershed.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.547-556
• /
• 2005

The objective of this study is to obtain adequate intercepting flow during wet weather conditions in combined sewer system. Two study sites are selected under considering different population density, one is developed area with heavy urbanization. Another is recently developing area. In the analysis of field investigation, SS was most significant in initial flushing effects compared with other factors and showed the result with the order of COD, TP, TN. As compared with event mean concentration(EMC) of runoff, BOD, TN and TP showed high concentrations in wide area with relatively large population density. It is by the reason that much pollution load was discharged to receiving water from urbanized area during wet period. According to results of storm-water modeling, 53% of total COD and 52% of total SS pollution load were discharged to receiving water by overflow than intercepting capacity in middle population density site. Also, in the urbanized area, pollution load was discharged to receiving water by 49% of total COD and 77% of total SS. These results can be applied to setup for pollution load flow(budget) generation, collection, treatment and discharging in order to obtain adequate intercepting flow.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
• /
• pp.27-29
• /
• 2004

This paper presents improved teaching and learning Gill for easily analysis tool of load flow of power system. This GUI includes not only contingency analysis function, but also calculating power loss from transmission line flow. The Gill is friendly for study for power system operation and control because picture provide a better visualizing of relationships between input parameters and effect than a tabula type result. This Gill enables topology and the output data of load flow for line outages to be shown on same picture page. Users can input the system data for power flow on the the picture and can easily see the the result diagram of bus voltage, bus power, line flow. It is also observe the effects of different types of variation of tap, shunt capacitor, loads level, line outages. Proposed Gill has been studied on the Ward-Hale 6-Bus system.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
• /
• pp.899-901
• /
• 1998

Continuation power flow is a tool that can trace the path of the solution from the base stable solution. However, the base stable solution cannot be calculated when the initial system load is too large to operate at a stable operating point. This case is called as unsolvable case. This paper presents implementation of the optimal load shedding algorithm on continuation power flow. It performs steady-state analysis of power systems at unsolvable case that can occur in contingency analysis. Numerical simulation on 20-bus test system demonstrates that the continuation power flow applying the optimal load shedding algorithm is robust at solvable and unsolvable cases.

• 전기학회논문지P
• /
• 제65권4호
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 2016

Korean Power System are operating a load shedding system to prevent voltage instability phenomenon caused by severe line contingencies. In order to apply the load shedding scheme should be selected a location, amount, delay time. Current load shedding system is load shedding amount that has been calculated in the steady-state analysis to load shed the total amount in first level, load shedding amount calculated in advance, it is possible to perform an unnecessary load shedding. In this paper, set a multi-level load shedding control strategy step-by-step selection of load shedding amount for the prevention of excessive load shedding. In addition, through a voltage resilience analysis of the power system by applying motor load ratio and sensitivity parameter to selection the multi level load shedding ratio and delay time. For this reason, to take advantage of the limit data of interchange power, by utilizing interface power flow data to set a multi-level load shedding control strategy for the stabilization of the Korean Power System.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
• /
• pp.1149-1152
• /
• 1997

This paper describes a novel approach for allocating transmission costs among users of transmission services. In the suggested approach, the cost share of each participant is proportional to amount of its line flow. To develop individual user's impact, the line utilization factors of each participant are derived by power flow equations of all nodes (i.e., load-flow equations). To deal With the slack bus problem inherent in the conventional load-flow analysis more practically, a additional power supply/demand balance equation is incorporated. Although the developed allocation rule is basically similar to the existing MW-mile method in the aspect of embedded cost allocation, it does not require to get load flow solutions of each wheeling transaction when multiple transmission transactions are considered.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제64권2호
• /
• pp.331-337
• /
• 2015

The power flow analysis of electrified railway is required complicated calculation, because of variable load. Train runs trough rail supplied by electric power therefore, the load value in electrified railway system fluctuates along time. The power flow algorithm in electrified railway system is different from general power system, and the power flow simulation is peformed by the particular simulation software. Powerail is simulation software for analysis of traction power supply system developed by KRRI, in 2008. This consists of load forecasting module, including TPS and time scheduling, and power flow module. This software was verified by measured current under normal feeding condition, however, has not been verified by voltage on the condition of extended feeding. This paper presents the verification of PowerRail based on voltage drop under extended feeding condition. This is performed by comparing simulation result with field test. Field test and simulation is done in commercial railway line.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.557-564
• /
• 2005

The objective of this study is to evaluate a criteria of intercepting capacity and a reduction goal of overflow pollution load in combined sewer system. In the current criteria of intercepting capacity in the domestic sewage facility standard, it is known that three times of peak sewage (Q) in dry period or runoff flow by 2mm/hr is not appropriate since the intercepted flow is estimated by runoff and show different result even in the same watershed. Though a reduction goal of overflow pollution load can be determined from 1) same level of storm-water runoff pollution load in separated storm sewer, 2) less than 5% sewage load in dry weather period, by the domestic sewage facility standard, the simulated results from storm-water model show large differences between two criteria. While it is predicted that sewage pollution load standard three time larger than separated storm sewer standard in high population density and urbanized area, it is shown that separate storm sewer standard larger than sewage pollution load standard in middle population density and developing area. Accordingly, it is proposed that more reasonable intercepting flow and reduction goal of overflows pollution load should be established to minimize discharging pollution load in combined sewer systems. For the purpose, a resonable standard has to be amended by pollution load balance considering the characteristics of a watershed for generation, collection, treatment, and discharging flow.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2003

This paper presents analysis results for the effect of power control strategies on the part load performance of gas turbine based power generation systems utilizing exhaust heat of the gas turbine such as combined cycle power plants and regenerative gas turbines. For the combined cycle, part load efficiency variations were compared among different single shaft gas turbines representing various technology levels. Power control strategies considered were fuel only control and IGV control. It has been observed that gas turbines with higher design performances exhibit superior part load performances. Improvement of part load efficiency of the combined cycle by adopting air flow modulation was analyzed and it was concluded that since the average combined cycle performance is affected by the range of IGV control as well as its temperature control principle, a control strategy appropriate for the load characteristics of the individual plant should be adopted. For the regenerative gas turbine, it is likewise concluded that maintaining exhaust temperature as high as possible by air flow rate modulation is required to increase part load efficiency.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 A
• /
• pp.134-136
• /
• 1999

Not much work has been carried out on the load flow analysis of distribution networks. This paper introduces Newton-Raphson method using Distflow equation and Forward Sweeping method in the distribution networks. And that efficient solution scheme in a radial distribution network is presented. Also, simulation results of both Newton-Raphson method and Forward Sweeping method applied to a 22.9kV distribution system model with 120 load buses are analized and evaluated.