• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.117-123
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• 2016

The blast load is classified into free-air blast and surface blast following the location of explosion and surface. In this paper, several equations for blast load calculation are explained briefly and a modified equation for free-air blast load is suggested. The modified equation is based on Kingery-Bulmash equation which is used in UFC 3-340-02 and Conwep model. In this modified equation, the process of calculation is simplified against the original equation, and the number of coefficients is reduced under 5. As a result, each parameter of estimated data by modified equation has less than 1% of error range comparing with Kingery-Bulmash equation.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2017

The Kingery-Bulmash equation is the most common equation to calculate blast load. However, the Kingery-Bulmash equation is complicated. In this paper, a modified equation for surface blast load is proposed. The equation is based on Kingery-Bulmash equation. The proposed equation requires a brief calculation process, and the number of coefficients is reduced under 5. As a result, each parameter obtained by using the modified equation has less than 1% of error range comparing with the result by using Kingery-Bulmash equation. The modified equation may replace the original equation with brief process to calculate.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.102-108
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• 2000

This paper presents a result of practical study about the adjustment of load correlation equation for the load management of pole transformer. For adjusting the load correlation equation, we analyze the correlative relation between working electric energy[kWh] and peak load[A]. To enhance the accuracy of correlation equation, we classify the 12 representative area patterns. And then, we select the 24 sample pole transformer for each area pattern. For the reliability of the data using the load correlation equation, load management equipment is utilized for each sample pole transformer. Through the on-line data acquisition, we construct the database. For adjusting the load correlation equation, we consider the two points. One is the goodness of fitness for load correlation equation and the other is prevention of pole transformer damage due to the overload. Finally, we propose the correlation equation using the linear and quadratic equation all at once. Through the case studies, we verify that the proposed load correlation equation is reduced the error ratio than conventional correlation equation.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2000

In this paper various methods of determining of wave loads acting ofshore structures including impact load due to breaking wave are studied and corresponding model test was performed. In the theoretical approach wave load by nonbreaking wave and impact load by breaking wave is determined by Morrison's equation Goda's equation and impact wave equation, In the experimental approach wave load by nonbreaking wave acting on cylindrical pile used in offshore structures is determined by measuring the strain on a cylindrical pile and compared with theoretical calue. in the numerical approach impact load by breaking wave acting on a modeled cylindrical pile is calculated by usign ANSYS FEM program and compared with theoretical value. It is found that the experimental and numerical results are comparable to theoretical results, Thus the determination of wave load acting on offshore structures can be obtained by a proposed methods and it acceptable.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 2012

This study was carried out in order to establish the estimation equation for school power consumption using regression analysis based on collected power consumption for two years of weather data and schools are located in Central Changwon and Masan district in Changwon city. (1) The power consumption estimation equation for Heating and cooling is calculated using power consumption per unit volume, the difference between actual power consumption and results of estimation equations is 4.1%. (2) The power consumption estimation equation for heating load is showed 2.6% difference compared to actual power consumption in Central Changwon and is expressed 2.9% difference compared to that in Masan district. Therefore, the power consumption prediction for each school using the power consumption estimation equation is possible. (3) The power consumption estimation equation for cooling load is showed 8.0% difference compared to actual power consumption in Central Changwon and is expressed 2.9% compared to that in Masan district. As the power consumption estimation equation for cooling load is expressed difference compared to heating load, it needs to investigate influence for cooling load.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.101-103
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• 1996

This Paper describes Peak load forecasting technique of pole transformers with correlation equation. While customers are demanding safe energy supply, current correlation equation that is used for load management of pole transformers has some problems. To get accurate correlation equation. several correlation equation were examined using past data and nu data collected using the measuring instrument developed for this study. It was recognized that the quadratic equation was the most accurate for peak load forecasting from working electrical energy.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.815-825
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• 2000

In the present work Einstein's(l942) suspended load equation IS refined in vanous aspects. After checking the flow characteristics a new method is presented for the estimation of zero velocity point at the condition of smooth turbulent flow, and non-dimensional number of suspended load is introduced for the clear representation of suspended load equation. And a recent equation of bed load is employed in order to calculate accurately the sediment concentration at a reference point. Several approximation equations are also developed to compute directly or explicitly two integrals introduced in the equations. The refined equation has been tested against the measurement data collected by Brownlie(l981) in comparison with Einstein's original equation.uation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2023

The DOR (Drainage outlet raising) in the paddy field has been suggested as one of the most important best management practices for the TMDL (Total maximum daily load) management in the technical guidelines by the NIER (National institute of environmental research). However, this method is underestimated and is not well adopted by local governments for the TMDL. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the unit load reduction equation according to the application of DOR in order to expand this equation. The original equation in the guideline was derived using the HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran) model for 1 year in Changnyeong. We analyzed the reduction effect of the original equation application by collecting additional long-term monitoring data from the Buan, Icheon, Iksan, and Jeonju. When comparing the reduction loads between the original equation and monitoring results, the evaluation results of the original equation were 11% of the monitoring analysis results, which was underestimated. This means that the original equation needs to be improved. For assessing the equation, the HSPF Paddy-RCH model was established according to the NI ER guideline and evaluated for applicability. The performance results of the model showed a reasonable range by the statistical criteria. Modified equations 1 and 2 were proposed based on the monitoring and modeling results. Modified equation 1 was the method of modifying the original equation's main factors, and modified equation 2 was the method of applying the non-point pollution reduction efficiency according to the rainfall class using the long-term modeling results. At the level of 58.6~64.6% of monitoring data, the difference between them could be further reduced compared to the original equation. The suggested approach will be more reasonable and practicable for decision-makers and will contribute to the TMDL management plans.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.42-54
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• 2009

The wind load equation for the design of electric power facilities such as electrical pole in railroad is based on the maximum wind velocity without considering regional difference in wind velocities. Also, the use of a different equation to highspeed railroad and the possibility of higher wind speed due to climate change claims a new design equation. In this paper, a wind load equation based on wind speed measurement data to date, which is applicable to both conventional and highspeed railroad is proposed. The proposed equation considers the regional differences in wind speed for economic and effective design, and the possibility of higher wind speed due to climate change.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.239-245
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• 2003

In this paper, the track impact factor of conventional line was evaluated using the data for wheel load measured in field and the properties of current operating trains. The equation for track impact factor was presented through the statistical analysis of variational ratio in wheel load and compared with other design equations in domestic and foreign countries. A review on the safety of track system in conventional line was made from the relationship between the velocity and the corresponding impact factor. It was found that the impact factor from the proposed equation is a little less than the values from the equations adopted in both AREA and domestic railway, while it is same as the equation for continuous welded rail(CWR) in Japan. Therefore it could be said that the track satisfies a criteria for dynamic load caused by the train and the corresponding level of safety is guaranteed for dynamic load of the train