• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2001

This study has been performed to analyze association between general housing status and demographic characteristics such as family extension period, total fertility within a family, male birth rates, and birth order among the elderly in Korea. In this study, 183 subjects aged late 60s to 70s were interviewed for their childbearing history under legal marriage and current housing status such as tenure, residence(urban vs rural), and household composition. In this study , average term from the first to the last birth is 11.88 years, and total number of live births is 4.51. The average rate of male firths among live births within a family is 0.532, which is close to data of Korean statistical office in 1995. There were some association of housing status and the fertility; those living in rented units have longer family extension period and rural elderly have higher rate of male children. in addition, there is a significant impact of birth order on tenure. Majority of the first-born subjects were home owners by virtue of bequeath eligibility, and the rate of home owners was 50% higher than the second-born group. Overall in this study, it is recommended that when planning elderly living facilities, service policies be differentiated by both housing & fertility characteristics.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.85-100
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• 1999

This study was to get basic data for the establishment of proper labor counterplan so that we estimated farm work volume and work loads by crops. We examined the method of work practices such as a work posture, work time, measured work environment such as hot, cold, humidity and ultraviolet rays and calculated physical loads induced by them. Also we surveyed work environment, work posture, sleeping time and work time because they affect on farmer's health. Farmer's health survey was investigated by questionnaire and measured farmer's physical load. The types of farm work were classified into greenhouse farming, rice farming, dry field farming, stock farming and special crop farming. 11 crops were selected, for example, greenhouse melon, riceㆍred pepper, milky cow farming, pear, grapes, dropwort, sweet potato, potato, radish, and cabbage. We also chose subject districts haying the most yield of 11 crops. Our survey was conducted for the period when farmers think the hardest period in physical work load. The farm work models based on work standard were presented according with farmer's health.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.53-69
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find how financial structures differ from the family life cycle. The data was drawn from the 2002 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study conducted by the Korea Labor Institute, and 1,957 households. The level of total income and subcategories of income were found to be significantly different from the family life cycle and showed tendencies to increase up to the period of child birth and then sharply dropped down during the retirement period. Household consumption expenditures in total and subcategories showed a U shape by family life cycle and were also found to be significantly different from the family life cycle. The consumption expenditure of dining out showed the highest level at the beginning of family establishment, whereas medical cost showed the highest level for later years. The level of total assets increased gradually from the family life cycle and a little decreased for the later years, and the level of real estate assets showed the highest ratio(90% over) out of total asset components of family life cycle.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.93-110
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• 1997

The customs of women s riding horse was prevalent in thriving period. The face toilet was mainly used by Gau Chang pattern. Wha Jun (chinen; Hwa-Qun(화전), make-up on forehead), was influenced nearly by Gua Chang and distantly by India. Penciling eyebrows with blue was transmitted from persia. Chinese cosmetics was most influenced during Tang Dynasty for it's colorful make-up and facial decorations such as Aek-Whang(액황), Wha-Jung(화전), Jang-Yob(장엽), Swa-Hong(사홍) and those made many Dynasty, since those kinds of styles were the result of mixture between traditional chinese and western styles, it became so unique and diverse. The Declining period of the Tang Dynasty has begun from the turning point, resulting from Rebellion of An Ru Sha'. Rebellion of An Ru Sha' made the chinese people have a sense of precaution, and an antipathy against babarian. Furthermore, the power of Tang Dynasty onto the countries bordering on western china unfortunately was declining due to the defeat at 99 the Talas war in 751. As the fashion of ‘Ho’ disappeared the costume pattern was restored to the traditional Chinese style of large sleeve and broad width. However, the Tibetan mode was appeared in women's hair style and face toilet since Yuan Ha (801-812). In Song Dynasty, women's make-up and adorment were originated from Dang Dynasty, but those were more simple than in Dang Dynasty.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.579-588
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• 2009

This study examined the birth timing and the birth interval for married women, focusing on their employment status. Relying on 2005 National Survey of Marriage and Fertility, three different groups were selected: those who have no child until five years after marriage; those who gave birth for the first child within three years; those who gave birth for the second child within three years. Results show that married women who have temporary jobs tend to have longer period of having no child than housewives. In contrast, among those who have the second child within three years, married women who have temporary jobs tend to have shorter birth interval for their second child than housewives. Women in their 20s are more likely to have shorter period of time to have the first child and shorter interval for the second child than those in their 30s. Job security for married women, maternity leave for childbirth and childcare, and family-friendly environment should be strengthened to increase the fertility level by shortening the timing of having the first child and the birth interval.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.175-192
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• 2001

This study investigated the relationships between inter-cultural experience and socio-psychological adjustment to the current life among children who have refilmed from living abroad. The subject of research consisted of 102 boys and 110 girls from fourth grade through sixth grade who returned to their home country after living in a foreign correlation Data were collected from 5 elementary schools in Seoul. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation analysis and regression were used for data analysis. The results of children's social-psychological adjustment were represented by 3 categories: school/friend relationship, stress/strain and language/learning. The following are the summarized results; First, girl students were more likely to adapt to school/friend relationships in Korea and had lower stress/strain than boys. Second, the children having shorter period of residence in foreign county, lower adaptation ability to different culture and extrovert personality showed higher socio-psychological adjustments after returning to Korea. Third, the adjustment to school/friends was influenced by period of residency in the foreign county, the experience of different culture, and extrovert personality. The experience of different culture and extrovert personality effected stress/strain, and the adjustments to language/learning were influenced only by the ewperiecne of different culture. Lastly, the experience of different culture was the most important variable influencing all 3 categories of socio-psychological adjustments.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2006

The study analyzed the characteristics of the daily life and the living arrangements use of the elderly with literature review after the modernization period based on the daily life perspectives. The changes in the ideology, social system, and family system, which influenced the society and families, also affected the status of the elderly and their daily lives. Consequently, they had been facing conflicts, acceptance, and internal differentiations. The characteristics of the changes in the daily lives of the elderly in different periods were as follows. The contents were written from three different perspectives, phenomenological, symbolic interaction, and Marxist. During the modernization period, the family system and the hierarchy within a family had been reformed. However, the elderly were still considered as the symbolic leader and the respected figure of the family. From a phenomenological perspective, elderlies teach the next generations and influence the family's lives. On the other hand, from a perspective of symbolic interactions, spatial adjustment behaviors toward the largest room between the elderly and the next generation were detected. The actual authority was given to the next generation. However, the elderly were still treated as the symbolic authority. Yet, as the society became more industrialized, conflicts aroused about the support of the elderly. Those, who were neglected from the family, even spent their daily time at the elderly center or the community center. The daily lives from the Marxist perspectives suggested that modernization caused the young generations, who were well-educated and had financial powers, to have initiatives. The role of the elderly was reduced and they became negligible people, who spend meaningless daily lives. The interested the Third Ages is a new perspective on the elderly, who were neglected from the industrialized society. From a phenomenological perspective, the Third Ages are the generations that seek and demand for new housing.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2001

Purpose : We have evaluated the morbidity of donor site after transfer of free fibular osseous and osteocutaneous flap to defect site of bone and soft tissue due to chronic osteomyelitis of long tubular bone, open fracture with bony defect, bone or soft tissue tumor and congenital anomaly. Materials and methods : The 54 cases of 79 cases to be carried out from May, 1982 to May, 2001 which could be followed up were reviewed. There were forty nine in male and five in female. The mean age was 35(4 to 66)years old and mean follow up period is 21.3 month(12 to 72). We have retrospectively analyzed the various postoperative complications such as compartment syndrome, donor site infection, skin defect, hypesthesia, hammer toes, ankle instability and activity of daily living by help of questionnaire, telephone, physical examination, follow up x-ray study and chart. Results : In the total 54 cases the medication period for pain control after operation were classified into three groups under 2 weeks(49 cases), from 2 weeks to 6 weeks(3 cases) and over 6 weeks(2 cases). The postoperative morbidity were occurred in total 12 cases(compartment syndrome: 0, infection : 2, skin defect: 1, hypesthesia: 5, hammer toe: 2 ankle pain: 2 discomfort in activity of daily living: 0), and also the morbidity rates of donor site were 23.5% in osseous flap and 21.6% in osteocutaneous flap were occurred. There was no statistical significonce in morbidity between osseous and osteocutaneous free fibular flap transfer(P>0.05). Discussion : In general the morbidity of free fibular flap transfer was relatively high but it did not have any effect on daily activity of living. We think that the meticulous operation technique, detailed wound care and early range of motion exercise will reduce the morbidity of donor site of flap.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 우리나라 산림의 주요 분포 수종 가운데 참나무류의 대표 수종인 굴참나무의 생엽을 대상으로 월별(6월~10월) 연소특성을 고찰하였다. 함수율은 114%~155% 정도였으며, 10월의 생엽은 수분함유량과 무염착화온도가 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 7월 생엽은 27s 정도의 가장 빠른 시간에 발염착화 되었으며, 9월의 생엽은 105s 정도로 가장 오랜 시간동안 화염이 지속되고 총열방출량도 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 총열방출량과 총연기방출량은 모두 월별로 차이를 보였는데 6월부터 10월까지 점차 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 최대연기밀도는 10월의 생엽이 약간 높은 것으로 나타났지만 월별 차이는 거의 없었으며, 7월의 생엽은 다른 생엽들보다 상대적으로 빠른 시간인 795s에 최대값에 도달하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2000

Stroke patients have increased with the overall aging of our population, 60 years and older. Recently the number of stroke patients has been on the increase even among younger people in their thirties. The family support is frequently mentioned as a major variable which plays an important role in helping the patients adapt themselves to their hemiplegic situations. The purpose of the study was to examine between family support and activities of daily living(ADLs)abilities for the hemiplegic patients, and to provide the basic data to help the patients carry out their ADLs on their own. The sample for the study included 106 hemiplegic patients and their family members. The data were collected using a focused, structured interviews. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. The hemiplegic patients perceived that their family supports were very high(Mean, 49.00). 2. The degree of family support was significantly higher in female. high economic status, and non-use of brace patients than in male, poor economic status, use of brace patients. 3. The ADL abilities of the hemiplegic patients were significantly higher in ambulatory, younger, and longer-period-of-illness patients and patients who used a cane as a assistive device. 4. The family support for the hemiplegic patients showed a statistically significant Cor relationship with their performance of ADL(r=.30809. p=0.0013). 5. The performance of ADL for the ambulatory patients were mainly affected by the degree of family support, the period of the hemiplegic illness, the use of brace, informal care giving, and the age. These variables explained 50% of variance. 6. The length of illness was a statistically significant affecting variable for ADL performance in OPD and assistive device in IPD. In conclusion, the higher the hemiplegic patients perceived the degree of family support, the better they performed ADL. We should develop nursing methods which enhance the family support for the hemiplegic patients in order to increase their performance of ADL.