• Title/Summary/Keyword: Livestock productivity

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Application of Animal Biomodel using Poultry: A Review (가금을 이용한 동물 바이오모델: 총설)

  • Seo, Dongwon;Lee, Jun Heon
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.243-251
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    • 2016
  • Chicken not only serves as a high-protein source to humans, but it is also used as a suitable biomodel for increasing livestock productivity and studying human diseases. Chickens have numerous advantages as model organisms mainly because of they are relatively convenient to manage due to their small body size and short generational interval. In addition, they have a small genome size and numerous genes have biologically similar functions to those of human and livestock animals. In this review, we investigated the chicken biomodel for human disease research and the use of this model for increasing livestock productivity. This summary could provide useful and basic information for further development of strategies for enhancing livestock production and human disease studies.

PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF Leucaena leucocephala FOR RUMINANT NUTRITION - REVIEW -

  • Islam, M.;Nahar, T.N.;Islam, M.R.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.213-217
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    • 1995
  • Leucaena leucocephala (lam. de Wit) is a multipurpose leguminous tree/shrub, promoted extensively for reforestation and rural development programmes, as well as in ruminant production. After a year of establishment in the plots, the overall leaves and twigs yield was on average 0.92 kg/plant, containing an average 23.34, 10.61, 5.32 and 10.13 percent CP, CF, and ash, respectively. The proximate and mineral compositions are affected by factors such as stage of maturity, type of cultivar, seasons, cutting intervals, different plant parts. Though leucaena contains toxic mimosine and tannins, these are not always deleterious for ruminants and rumen microbes can often degrade toxic factors into a nontoxic utilizable product Mimosine content is generally higher in the seed than other plant parts. Leucaena supplementation in ruminant ration showed higher digestibility co-efficient of proximate component, which may results in higher productivity. Considering its productivity, composition and nutritive value. L. Leucocephala could be more widely used as a protein source for ruminants in tropical and sub-tropical countries.

Growth Characters and Productivity of Early- and Medium-Maturing Oat Varieties Sown in Spring and Autumn at Central Districts of Korea (중부지방에서 봄과 가을재배 연맥의 숙기군별 생육특성 및 수량성)

  • Choi, G.J.;Rim, Y.W.;Sung, B.R.;Lim, Y.C.;Kim, K.Y.;Kim, W.H.;Shin, D.E.;Seo, S.
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.243-250
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    • 2000
  • Selection of oat variety according to cultivation period is an important to increase productivity of forage crop. To investigate the growth characters and dry matter productivity of oats according to cultivation period, early-maturing oat(EM0) and medium-maturing oat(MM0) variety were sown in spring and autumn at central district of Korea. When oats were cultivated in spring, MMO variety was longer 8 cm in leaf length and wider 5 mm in leaf width than 25 cm and 12 mm of EM0 variety, rexpectively. but in autumn, those were not different between maturities of oat varieties. Plant length of MMO variety was longer 7 cm than that of EM0 Variety in spring cultivation, but in autumn, plant length of EM0 variety was longer 14 cm than that of MMO variety. Heading dates were 20th to 22th May in EM0 variety, and 30th May to 10th June in MMO variety in spring cultivation, and ear of EM0 variety emerged 30th Oct. to loth Nov. but that of MMO variety did not emerge at harvesting day in autumn cultivation. In Spring cultivation, dry matter(DM) yield of EM0 variety was 7,349 kg/ha that was less 56% than 11,466 kg/ha of MMO variety, but In Autumn, was more 15% than 6,575 kg/ha of MMO variety. In conclusion, selection of oat variety in spring and autumn cultivation can be different with cropping system of forage crop, and this trial is suggesting that oat variety could be sown MMO variety in spring and EM0 variety in autumn at central district of Korea. (Key words : Oat variety, Productivity, Cultivation season)

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SmartPhone-based Application Development for the Implementation of the Ubiquitous Livestock Barn (유비쿼터스 축사 구현을 위한 스마트폰 어플리케이션 개발)

  • Hwang, J.H.;Yoe, H.
    • Smart Media Journal
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 2012
  • Smart phone and its applications are currently bringing about significant changes in our lives and it is expected that applying such technology in the area of agriculture could increase the value added and productivity of agriculture with its various uses. This paper proposed a smartphone-based application for monitoring and managing livestock barn in real-time anytime, anywhere. In the proposed application, the livestock barn environment and video information collected in ubiquitous livestock barn based on wireless sensor networks can be used by user to monitor the livestock barn in real-time through the use of smart phone to control the livestock barn facilities anytime, anywhere. This application can provide user convenience and increase productivity by allowing users to control their livestock barn facilities.

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Productivity increase and odor reduction effect of fermented barley sprout extract in broiler farms

  • Gyurae, Kim;Ho-Seong, Cho;Sang-Joon, Lee;Hyunsook, Min;Gyeongchan, Go;Dongseob, Tark;Yeonsu, Oh
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.263-268
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    • 2022
  • The current study examined the impact of fermented barley sprout extract prepared using lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.) in decreasing odor and increasing livestock productivity and measured the difference in the polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the extract after fermentation. Furthermore, the effectiveness of fermented barley sprout extract was evaluated through order level and production index of livestock by supplying it to a broiler house. The results showed that with fermented barley sprout extract, the polyphenol and flavonoid contents were increased significantly by 174% and 562%, respectively. When the extract was applied as an additive to drinking water in the test farm, the productivity improved by about 10%, the mortality rate was reduced by about 66%, and there was a significant decrease in odor by about 80%. Compared with the control group, the production index increased by about 21%, the feed requirement decreased by about 8%, the odor showed a decrease in the NH3 level, and no other gas was detected. It was observed that lactic acid bacteria settle in the intestine, suppress the proliferation of bacteria that cause diarrhea and enteritis, and help digestion. The lactic acid bacteria effectively remove bad odor gases such as NH3, Amines, H2S and CH4S. Such odor reduction improves productivity. Our findings provide valuable information for quality water supply, production optimization and livestock management.

Current status and future of gene engineering in livestock

  • Dong-Hyeok Kwon;Gyeong-Min Gim;Soo-Young Yum;Goo Jang
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.57 no.1
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    • pp.50-59
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    • 2024
  • The application of gene engineering in livestock is necessary for various reasons, such as increasing productivity and producing disease resistance and biomedicine models. Overall, gene engineering provides benefits to the agricultural and research aspects, and humans. In particular, productivity can be increased by producing livestock with enhanced growth and improved feed conversion efficiency. In addition, the application of the disease resistance models prevents the spread of infectious diseases, which reduces the need for treatment, such as the use of antibiotics; consequently, it promotes the overall health of the herd and reduces unexpected economic losses. The application of biomedicine could be a valuable tool for understanding specific livestock diseases and improving human welfare through the development and testing of new vaccines, research on human physiology, such as human metabolism or immune response, and research and development of xenotransplantation models. Gene engineering technology has been evolving, from random, time-consuming, and laborious methods to specific, time-saving, convenient, and stable methods. This paper reviews the overall trend of genetic engineering technologies development and their application for efficient production of genetically engineered livestock, and provides examples of technologies approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for application in humans.

Studies on the comparison of Agronomic Characteristics and Productivity in Induced Vetch Cultivar (도입 베치의 품종에 따른 생육특성 및 생산성 비교 연구)

  • Kim, Jong-Keun;Chung, Eui-Soo;Lim, Yung-Chul;Seo, Sung;Kim, Maeng-Jung;Kim, Jong-Duk
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.177-182
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    • 2004
  • This experiment was conducted to compare the agronomic characteristics and productivity inintroduced vetch cultivar at the experimental field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Livestock Research Institute from 1999 to 2000. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The vetch cultivar used in this study were 8 cultivar(Haymaker plus, Common, Capello, Namoi, Victa, Aneto, Popany, Korean milk vetch). Namoi, Victa and Aneto cultivar were died during winter. The cultivar having the fastest flowering date was Korean milk vetch while the flowering date of Common was the latest as 22th May. The average dry matter(DM) content was 14.7% and crude protein(CP) content was 20.9%. Common showed the highest CP content by 23.1% and Korean milk vetch showed the lowest content by 18.0%. Average acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) content were 33.5 and 42.5% respectively. All cultivar showed the first grade of RFV(relative feed value). The productivity of vetch cultivar were severely different according to the winter hardness. Common showed the highest DM yield by 8,664kg/ha, but the DM yield of Capello and Popany were low by 3,004 and 2,114kg/ha, respectively. The yield of CP and TDN(total digestible nutrient) also was high at Common. The results of this experiments indicated that the productivity of vetch cultivar was effected greatly depending on winter hardness, therefore it was thought winter hardness is the main factor for introducing vetch cultivar.

Studies on the Grass Productivity and Nutritive value as Affected by Cutting Management in Spring IV. Effects of the first harvesting times and regrowth periods on dry matter productivity, leaf : stem ratio and nutritive value of grasses. (혼파초지에서 봄철 예취방법에 따른 목초의 생산성과 사료가치 비교연구 IV. 1차 이용시기와 재생기간이 목초의 건물생산성 , 경엽분포비율 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향 ( Studies on the Grass Productivity and Nutritive value as Affected by Cutting Management in Sprin)

  • Lee, Joung-Kyong;Seo, Sung;Han, Young-Choon;Lee, Jong-Yeol
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 1990
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the fist harvesting times (vegetative, stem elongation and heading stage) and regrowth periods (20, 30 and 40 days) after the first harvest on dry matter (DM) productivity, crude protein (CP), CP yield and cell wall constituents of gasses during 1987 and 1988. Although the dry matter productivity of grasses at the first was decreased with earlier cutting, the regrowth DM productivity after the first harvest was increased significantly with earlier cutting (p < 0.05). Also the 30 days of regrowth periods was contributed greatly to the DM productivity p <0.05). The percentage of leaf in the leaf: stem ratio was increased with earlier initial harvest and shorter regrowth period after first harvest. The nutritive value of grasses was increased with earlier initial harvest and the 30 days of regrowth period after fist harvest. Based on the results, it is suggested that good grass DM productivity and nutritive value could be achieved by the earlier harvest at first and the regrowth period of 30 days after first harvest in spring.

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A Research Review of Village Chicken Production Constraints and Opportunities in Zimbabwe

  • Mapiye, C.;Mwale, M.;Mupangwa, J.F.;Chimonyo, M.;Foti, R.;Mutenje, M.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.21 no.11
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    • pp.1680-1688
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    • 2008
  • Development of village chicken production can be a sustainable way of helping to meet the welfare needs of rural populations and raise their living standards. There is a dearth of information on research conducted to characterize, understand and develop the village chicken production systems in Zimbabwe. This review focuses on constraints, opportunities and research needs for the improvement of village chicken productivity in Zimbabwe. Village chicken production in Zimbabwe is extensive and dominated by indigenous chickens that exhibit remarkable adaptation to local environments. The multitude functions of village chickens, which include the provision of high quality protein meat and eggs, cash through sales and socio-cultural roles, are discussed in detail. Human gender aspects in village chicken production are highlighted. The factors that hamper village chicken productivity are reviewed together with opportunities and research needs. The major constraints include shortage of feed, poor health and housing management. Any improvements in these constraints may lead to sustainable increase in village chicken productivity.