• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2020

Objective: Minerals are one of the important nutrients for supporting the growth of sheep grazing in the highland, northwest of China. The experiment was conducted to investigate the relationship of both macro and micro minerals in sheep grazing in the highlands of six districts located in the Qilian Mountain of China. Methods: Samples of herbage (n = 240) and soil (n = 240) were collected at random in a "W" shape across the area designated for harvesting from 24 farms, where the sheep commonly graze in October (winter) for mineral analyses. In addition, serum samples were taken via jugular vein from 20 sheep per farm from 24 farms (n = 480 samples in total) for serum minerals analyses. Mean values of macro and micro minerals were statistically compared among districts and the correlations among soil-plant-animal were statistically analyzed and correlations were regressed, as well. Results: The results revealed that there were variations for both macro and micro minerals among districts. Statistical analysis of the correlation coefficients between herbage and sheep were significantly different for most of the minerals but not for P, Cu, and Se. Many correlation regression coefficients were found significantly different among minerals of herbage, soil, and sheep serum especially those of K, Na, Fe, Mn, and Zn (between herbage and sheep serum), and Fe and Mn (between herbage and soil), Na, Fe, Mn, and Zn (between soil and sheep serum), respectively. The regression coefficient equations derived under this experiment for prediction of Ca (R² = 0.618), K (R² = 0.803), Mg (R² = 0.767), Na (R² = 0.670), Fe (R² = 0.865),Zn (R² = 0.950), Mn (R² = 0.936), and Se (R² = 0.630), resulted in significant R² values. Conclusion: It is inferred that the winter herbage minerals in all the districts were below the recommended levels for macro minerals which indicated there would be some mineral deficiencies in sheep grazing the herbage in these regions. Supplemental minerals may therefore play an important role in balancing the minerals available from the herbage in winter and would lead to increased productivity in sheep on the highland areas of China. These findings could be potentially applied to the other regions for improving the livestock productivity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.603-620
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• 2022

Human activities have caused an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in climate change that affects many factors of human life including its effect on water and food quality in certain areas with implications for human health. CH₄ and N₂O are known as potent non-CO₂ GHGs. The livestock industry contributes to direct emissions of CH₄ (38.24%) and N₂O (6.70%) through enteric fermentation and manure treatment, as well as indirect N₂O emissions via NH₃ volatilization. NH₃ is also a secondary precursor of particulate matter. Several approaches have been proposed to address this issue, including dietary management, manure treatment, and the possibility of inhibitor usage. Inhibitors, including urease and nitrification inhibitors, are widely used in agricultural fields. The use of urease and nitrification inhibitors is known to be effective in reducing nitrogen loss from agricultural soil in the form of NH₃ and N₂O and can further reduce CH₄ as a side effect. However, the effectiveness of inhibitors in livestock manure systems has not yet been explored. This review discusses the potential of inhibitor usage, specifically of N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, dicyandiamide, and 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, to reduce emissions from livestock manure. This review focuses on the application of inhibitors to manure, as well as the association of these inhibitors with health, toxicity, and economic benefits.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

For efficient water quality management of Saemangeum lake, it is very important to accurately analyze discharged load characteristics using investigated pollution sources data from Saemangeum watershed. Investigation of pollution sources was conducted from 2003 to 2007. In this study, pollution sources are largely classified into human population, livestock, industry, and land use. Discharged loads of BOD, T-N and T-P from classified pollution sources were calculated by Korea TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) technical guideline. The calculated results showed that the major sources of BOD and T-N were land use, human population, livestock, and industry in order. However, the major sources of T-P were livestock, land use, human population, and industry in order. Our results clearly show that pollution sources of the priority management for water quality enhancement in the Saemangeum lake has represented land use and livestock.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2003

Customary agriculture seeks to increase production and supply people with safe foods. Thus. the promotion and establishment of organic agriculture are required to reduce water and soil pollution caused by customary agriculture. Although organic agriculture is an agricultural technology system whose basic principle is organic water circulation in agronomic agriculture and livestock industry. the livestock raising sector has not been developed in Korean organic agriculture: hence the limited development of agronomic agriculture. This study therefore sought to develop a standardized model connected with organic livestock raising and organic agronomic agriculture to secure symmetric and continued development. Specifically, this study reviewed the technological and economic problems related to the development of a naturally circular standard model where organic agronomic agriculture and organic livestock raising are connected. Likewise, a model for calculating the appropriate quantity of fertilizers to be applied and appropriate number of livestock to be bred was proposed as important factors in the development of a regionally circular agriculture model, and an alternative to a system connecting the two factors suggested.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.121-135
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• 1991

Facing the international open-trade of agricultural and livestock products, a basic strategy is urgently necessary to improve the domestic livestock industry to an international level. Price and quality competitions are the most important target in international trade. Improvement in productivity of livestock is the most important factor in price competition. In recent trade of livestock products, quality competition becomes more important than price competition in livestock products, and will be severer in the future. Basic strategies for higher productivity and safety of livestock products are listed as follows ： 1. Protection from exotic diseases 2. Eradication of indigenous diseases 3. Development of new methods and techniques for control of animal diseases 4. Application of hygiene and management techniques 5. Safety evaluation of feedstuffs and animal drugs, and 6. Development of technique and regulations for prevention and monitoring of residue of harmful chemicals.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표논문집 1부
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• pp.128-131
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• 2010

Recently, environmental pollution by livestock excretion is gathering strength as livestock industry is advanced on a large scale. Bio-gas is generated more than about 70 precent if remove impurities in the course of extracting bio-gas to use livestock excretion. In this paper, we developed a device that can use it in heating after extracting bio-gas from livestock excretion collected in livestock farmhouse and can supply electricity by using generator developed in itself. Also, because this system is epoch-making no discharge system to solve smear of existing method, it is expected that we have effects to prevent environmental pollution and get alternation energy and burden on the institution to treat livestock excretion of a pig breeder is solved, if use it.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2021

Livestock farmers are using animal carcasses to dispose of the carcasses of livestock that have died of natural causes or disease. Most of the existing livestock carcass processors are mechanical in their structure without considering the environment. It has a function of sterilizing dead bodies at high pressure after processing them and causes environmental problems such as carbon monoxide emissions. If livestock carcasses occur, livestock farmers have to purchase their own livestock carcasses or entrust them to the outside world, which is costly. For this reason, the possibility of environmental pollution, infectious diseases, and spread has been increased recently by frequent dumping of dead bodies. The carcass of livestock mixed with manure not only serves as a medium for infectious diseases but also needsto be buried on a large scale as foot-and-mouth disease and avian influenza spread. As a result, the possibility of environmental pollution, such as contamination of groundwater, is increasing, so research is needed to protect and improve the environment. We aim to improve the process of processing livestock carcasses and purify the agricultural environment through development results on the form, structure and function of eco-friendly livestock carcasses. Its shape is applied with naturalshapessuch asstones and seeds. The material used in the dead body processis a brown beggar biocouple and is applied with an eco-friendly industrial animal recycling process. As a result of the study, it is expected to improve odors and the environment, and to be used as data to improve and help the livestock industry in the future.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2020

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and avian influenza (AI) are highly pathogenic viral disease which affects the livestock industry worldwide. Outbreak of these viruses causes great impact in the livestock industry; thus, disease infected animals were immediately disposed. Burial is the commonly used disposal method for deceased animals. However, there is potential for secondary environmental contamination, as well as the risk that infectious agents persisting in the environment due to the limited environmental controls in livestock burial sites during the decomposition of the carcasses. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the detection of FMD and AI viruses from animal carcass disposal sites using real-time reverse transcription PCR. Soil samples of more than three years post-burial from livestock carcass disposal sites were collected and processed RNA isolation using a commercial extraction kit. The isolated RNA of the samples was used for the detection of FMDV and AIV using qRT-PCR. Based on the qPCR assay result, no viral particle was detected in the soil samples collected from the animal disposal sites. This indicates that 3 years of burial and their carcass disposal method is efficient for the control or at least reduction of spread infections in the surrounding environment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2013

The Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry, and Ministry of Construction, Transportation and Maritime Affairs are in charge of livestock manure management. There are national statistics regarding the livestock industry such as the National Pollution Source Survey, Livestock Statistic Survey, and Livestock-breeding Trend Survey. The current statistical data are focused on the scale of livestock breeding and the production of livestock manure using these data, but it is difficult to establish database due to lack of information. In order to plan relevant policies including management of livestock manure, the government established database systems such as the integrated information system of livestock manure, the integrated system of national infectious animal-disease prevention, and the Sae-ol public administrative system. We have tried to suggest improvements for the comprehensive environmental information system of livestock manure management by detecting problems in each level of the livestock manure life-cycle, making use of the existing systems, and considering the electronic transfer system of livestock manure. The services and functions of this comprehensive system include information of livestock farmers, the production, collection, transportation, and treatment of livestock manure, the area of agricultural land used for livestock manure, the report of approval and results on livestock manure products, management of statistical information, management of civil affairs, and relevant mobile application services. The system is made up of three processes: first, establishment of GIS-based management database of livestock manure; second, establishment of a history management system for livestock manure transactions; and third, development of a water quality assessment system.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.101-115
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• 2020

Korea has been managed HACCP with food and livestock products separately, but it was incorporated into food and livestock product safety management certification standard in 2015. Currently, the notification is unified, but food sanitation act and the livestock products sanitary control act are not unified. These differences are leading to complaints from food and livestock corporation. In this review, the food sanitation act, enforcement regulations of the food sanitation act, the livestock products sanitary control act and enforcement regulations of the livestock products sanitary control act were compared and analyzed to identify the part which requires unification. As a result of the survey, the thirteen clauses were proposed to unify in the food sanitation act and the livestock products sanitary control act. The nineteen clauses were proposed to unify in enforcement regulations of the food sanitation act and enforcement regulations of the livestock products sanitary control act.