• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.679-690
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• 2022

As the supply and demand of pork has become a significant concern in Korea, controlling it has become a critical challenge for the industry. However, compared to the demand for pork, which has relatively stable consumption, it is not easy to maintain a stable supply. As the preparation of measures for a supply-demand crisis response and supply control in the pig industry has emerged as an important task, it has become necessary to establish a stable supply model and create an appropriate manual. In this study, a pork supply prediction model is constructed using reported data from the pig traceability system. Based on the derived results, a method for determining the supply-demand crisis stage using a statistical approach was proposed. From the results of the analysis, working days, African swine fever, heat wave, and Covid-19 were shown to affect the number of pigs graded in the market. A test of the performance of the model showed that both in-sample error rate and out-sample error rate were between 0.3 - 7.6%, indicating a high level of predictive power. Applying the forecast, the distribution of the confidence interval of the predicted value was established, and the supply crisis stage was identified, evaluating supply-demand conditions.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.2779-2785
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• 2009

육류 중에 닭은 가장 저렴한 생산비용으로 단백질을 섭취할 수 있는 장점으로 인하여 많은 양이 사육되며 우리나라 식생활의 육류 소비를 늘리는 중요한 가축이다. 생육조건에 악영향을 미치는 여러 요인 중에 축산업에서 가장 대표적인 것은 악취이다. 악취물질은 축분에서 발생되는 암모니아, 아민류, 황화수소 및 머캡탄을 들 수 있으며 악취는 없으나 악영향을 미치는 물질로는 메탄, 질소산화물 등이 있다. 이러한 악취물질에 의하여 가축은 생육에 저해를 받으며, 심한 경우 폐사까지 이르게 된다. 계사의 경우 겨울철에는 난방을 하고 있는 실정임에도 불구하고 나머지 계절과 같이 환기를 통하여 악취를 제어하고 있다. 겨울철의 경우 대부분의 계사가 등유를 사용하는 온풍기를 이용하여 난방을 하고 있으나 계사내의 유해한 암모니아의 농도가 높아지므로 인하여 환기를 시키고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구과제에서는 기존에 사용되고 있는 온풍기에 복합촉매시스템을 접합하여 계사 및 축사의 암모니아 등의 유해 가스를 제어할 수 있는 시스템에 사용될 촉매를 개발하였으며, Mn과 Pt-Rh을 최적의 조성으로 도출하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.671-674
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• 2002

This study investigated the use of multinutrient blocks (MNB) composed of 35% date syrup, 35% date syrup byproducts, 10% date fronds, 7% urea, 7% cement and 6% common salt for growing small ruminants, as partial substitute for the roughage component of the diet (Rhodes grass hay) and its effect on feedlot performance and economics of feeding. Eight growing local Omani goats and 8 sheep (each about one year old) were used in this study. Mean body weights for goats and sheep (kg), respectively were $21.1{\pm}4.5$ and $25.5{\pm}4.1$. The goats and sheep were subdivided into two sub-groups of more or less equal body weights for each species. Each sub-group in both species was either fed on 0.5 kg concentrate+ad libitum Rhodes grass hay or the same diet+restricted hay (about 0.2 kg/head/day) and ad libitum amount of MNB. Sheep significantly (p<0.05) consumed greater amounts of MNB ($36{\pm}17$g/head/day) than goats ($6{\pm}2.5$ g/head/day). Feeding of the MNB was effective in sparing about 40% of the roughage Rhodes grass hay for goats (from 240 to 140 g) and about 42% for sheep (from 252 to 146 g) or approximately 100 g/head/day for both goats and sheep. This reduction (or sparing) in the consumption of Rhodes grass hay was coupled by an improvement in daily liveweight gain (g/head/day) in both goats (from 29 to 46 by 58.6%) and sheep (from 26 to 39 by 50%) and also by an improvement in the feed conversion efficiency (g feed/g gain) of both goats (from 25 to 13.8 by 45%) and sheep (from 28.7 to 17.2 by 40%). Cost of daily consumed feeds as well as cost/kg gain (or cost of meat) were both reduced due to feeding of MNB. They were both respectively reduced by 7.5% (from 53 Baisa/day to 49) and 38% (from 1,828 Baisa/kg to 1,140). It was economically viable to feed MNBs containing date by-products and urea to small ruminants in the Sultanate of Oman.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.383-387
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• 1994

Six heifers each of $F_1$, $F_2$, $F_3$, $F_4$ H. Friesian $\times$ Sahjwal halfbreds and pure Sahiwal with overall average initial age and live weight of $315.6{\pm}134.8 days$ and $143.8{\pm}48.5kg$, respectively were used for this study. The under trial animals were fed according to N.R.C. (1978). The overall average age at maturity, first conception and first calving was $563.8{\pm}116.8$, $675.8{\pm}135.6$ and $956.8{\pm}149.8days$ with live weights as $302.2{\pm}58.6$, $342.6{\pm}41.5$ and $433.9{\pm}38.1kg$, respectively. The overall 305 days and total milk yield for 1st lactation was $2,729.0{\pm}669.3$ and $2,992.7{\pm}377.5litre$ while the FCM (at 4%) was $2,934.2{\pm}410.8litre$. The lactation length was $336.6{\pm}69.6days$. The fat and solids not fat contents were $4.5{\pm}0.2$ and $8.2{\pm}0.3percent$, respectively. The milk production in Sahiwal cows was significantly lower than crossbred cows. The services per conception were $2.5{\pm}1.3$. The overall per head per day consumption of DM, TCP and ME was $10.9{\pm}1.2kg$, $1,399{\pm}199gm$ and $22.6{\pm}2.4 M.Cal.$, respectively. The overall milk producing efficiency for the production of one litre of FCM was $1.12{\pm}0.15kg$ of DM, $142.2{\pm}17.76gm$ of TCP and $2.31{\pm}0.27M.Cal.$ of energy while the feeding cost was Rs. $1.46{\pm}0.22$ per litre of FCM produced. The feeding cost per litre FCM was significantly higher in Sahiwal and $F_2$ than in other genetic groups.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2000

본 연구는 조류의 고농도 배양을 통하여 축산폐수로부터 질소, 인등의 영양염류를 효과적으로 제거하여 환경오염을 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 조류성장의 환경적 요소인 질소/인 농도비에 대한 질소와 인의 제거효율 분석 실험을 통하여 질적 질소/인 농도비를 결정하였다. 고농도 조류 배양을 위한 광도의 균일한 공급을 위하여 광섬유를 이용한 광생물반응기를 공정에 적용하였다. 제안된 광섬유를 이용한 광생물반응기는 광원으로부터 반응기 전체로 효과적인 광전달을 수행하는 것을 확인하였다. 조류 배양에서 조류의 성장과 질소, 인의 제거를 표현하기 위해서 구조적 속도식 모델을 제시하였다. 유전알고리즘을 이용한 자기구성퍼지 제어기를 구성하여 반연속식 폐수처리공정의 제어를 수행하였다. 구성된 퍼지 제어기는 폐수의 유입량 조절을 통하여 질소의 농도를 주어진 설정치로 유지되도록 운전하였다. 실험 결과에 의해 자기구성 퍼지 제어기는 원하는 질소의 농도를 잘 유지함은 물론 조류의 성장을 증진시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.322-332
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• 2023

Objective: We determined the impact of maintaining pasture-based dairy cows and calves together over 100 days on cow milk production, cow and calf behavior, and calf liveweight and carcass quality. Methods: Six Holstein-Friesian cows and their male calves were monitored for 106±8.6 days. Cows were temporarily separated twice a day for milking with calves remaining in the paddock. Cow and calf behaviors were recorded via scan sampling at 6 different timepoints, for the first 7 days and twice a week thereafter. Calves were weighed weekly and immediately processed for meat quality and rumen development analysis at 106±8.6 days. Daily cow milk yields were collected from enrollment until 109±8.6 days (3 days post-weaning). Results: The average daily gain of calves was 1.4±0.73 kg/d, with an average carcass dressing percentage of 59%. Calves had the greatest frequency of observed close proximity to cow and suckling in the first two weeks and decreased with experiment duration. During separation for milking, cow vocalizations and attempts to return to their calf decreased over time. Reticulorumen weight was on target for calf age, but as a proportion of total stomach weight was lower than industry averages of calves the same age due to the larger abomasum. Cows produced an average of 12±7.6 kg of milk yield per day over the 3-days before the calves were weaned and increased to mean of 31±8.3 kg/d the 3 days after weaning, indicating a consumption of close to 20 kg per calf per day. Conclusion: The impact of a pasture-based cow-calf rearing system on cow and calf behavior and the potential for high levels of calf liveweight gain when provided ad-libitum milk and feed were determined. Further research is required to determine the practicality of replicating such systems with large herds and impact on reared calves post-weaning.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2012

지구상의 인구는 계속해서 증가하고 식량의 안정적인 수급은 한 국가의 문제가 아니라 국가와 지역을 뛰어넘는 전 세계적인 문제이다. 경제의 발전과 더불어 개발도상국가들의 육류 및 유제품의 섭취가 급증하고 있고 선진국들의 축산물 섭취량 또한 섭취형태에 차이가 있을 뿐 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 축산물 생산에 따르는 환경파괴, 특히 반추동물산업에 서의 온실가스 발생량은 심각한 것으로 보고되었는데 이러한 온실가스를 줄이기 위한 노력에 전 세계가 동참하고 있다. 이러한 노력의 일환으로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있는데 생산성 및 효율의 증대, 가축 개량 등의 노력이 진행되어 왔고 사양적 측면에서 사료배합기술의 발달, 화학적 첨가제 등을 사용했었다. 이들뿐만 아니라 최근에는 생균제, 식물추출물, 방목지에 적합한 새로운 방목 품종의 개발 등에 연구의 노력이 더해지고 있다. 반추동물산업은 인간이 섭취하지 못하는 식물세포벽 성분이나 비단백태 질소화합물을 이용하여 영양 가치가 우수한 고기와 우유를 생산하므로 다가올 식량안보에 크게 기여할 수 있다. 따라서 반추동물산업은 환경을 저해하는 요소를 줄이고자 지속적인 연구와 노력을 투자한다면 인간에게 고급 단백질을 공급하는 산업으로 오랜 기간 자리매김을 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.644-651
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 소비자들의 이해를 돕고자 건강에 좋은 육류로 알려져 있는 백색육(오리고기, 닭고기)와 말고기의 식품학적 성분을 비교하여 기초자료를 얻고자 하였다. 말고기는 저지방 고단백 저콜레스테롤 육류임을 확인할 수 있었으며, 총 아미노산에 대한 필수 아미노산(어린이)의 비율은 말고기의 등심 부위와 닭고기(가슴살)이 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 말고기의 palmitoleic acid의 비율은 오리고기 및 닭고기에 비해 최대 2.6배 가량, linolenic acid의 비율은 최대 4.1배 가량 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 유의적 차이가 인정되었다. 다가불포화지방산(PUFA)의 비율은 말고기가 19.13~21.64%로 오리고기 15.81~16.04%, 닭고기 15.68~15.85%에 비해 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 필수지방산의 비율이 19.08~21.59%로 오리고기 15.71~15.91%, 닭고기 15.50~15.69%보다 유의적으로 높았다. 무기성분 함량은 K, P, Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe의 순이었으며 [백색육(다리살) 제외], 말고기의 Fe 및 Zn의 함량이 백색육(오리고기, 닭고기)에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 성분 분석결과는 말고기가 닭고기나 오리고기보다 식품영양적 가치가 더 우수함을 보여주었다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.488-498
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• 2016

축산지역 강우유출수 처리를 위한 간헐 포기식 인공습지에서 산소공급 및 소비량을 산출하여 낮과 밤 동안의 산소수지(oxygen balance)를 분석하였다. 조류의 광합성 활동이 활발한 얕은 습지에서 주간에는 내부 생산되는 산소가 지배적이었다. 또한 조류에 의한 내호흡이 가장 큰 소비원인 것으로 분석되었으며 질산화와 탈질에 의한 소비량은 각각 전체의 약 5.35%와 6.43%인 것으로 분석되었다. 조류에 의한 과도한 양의 산소소비는 포기조작에 의한 침전조류의 재부상에 의해 초래된 것으로 후속 공정에도 지속적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 더욱이 주간에 조류의 광합성 활동에 의해 생산된 풍부한 산소량은 습지에서 발생하는 산소요구량을 충족시키기에 충분한 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 주간에 실시되는 인위적인 포기활동은 불필요한 조작으로 판명되었다. 이와 반면에 광합성 활동이 중단되는 야간에는 조류의 내호흡작용으로 습지내부의 산소농도가 크게 저하하였으며 이는 습지에서 탈질반응을 촉진하는 것으로 추정된다. 따라서 인위적인 포기를 중단해도 유기물질 제거나 질소제거에 큰 영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 판단되며, 야간에 혐기성 상태의 지속으로 악취와 같은 문제가 발생될 수 있으므로 간헐적인 모드로 운전하는 것이 타당할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present a plan to activate the production and consumption of environmently friendly agricultural products through an analysis on the understanding degree, the level and inclination of consumption, the satisfaction degree of consumption, and the comprehension degree of production and circulation process of the environmently friendly agricultural products. 1 reviewed the literature and did survey In this study. The results are as follows : (1) As a result of an analysis on the understanding degree of the environmently friendly agricultural products, it is shown to get 6.37 points out of 10 and also, there is a difference between age, educational background, and income level. (2) In the case of research on the method to distinguish the environmently friendly agricultural products from others, it is proved that consumers have a strong faith on quality guarantee marks and there is a difference between gender, income level, and consumption period. (3) It is also shown that consumers purchase environmently friendly agricultural products for the family member's health in the survey on the motivation for purchasing them. And also, there is a difference between men and women. (4) The result of the survey on the consumption scale of the environmently friendly agricultural products shows that 94 people(60.3％) spend more than 50％ of their gloss foodstuffs cost purchasing them and 20 people(12.8％) spend 30-50％. (5) In the survey on the amount and the frequency of the purchasing items of the envirounently friendly agricultural products, respondents count livestock products mostly in amount while point out main cereals and a kinds of soy and pastes in frequency. (6) Consumers ask that the price of environmently friendly agricultural products is a little expensive or reasonable and there is no differences between individual groups. (7) In the case of the purchase of foreign environmently friendly agricultural products, there are more people who want to purchase domestic ones than those who want foreign ones. Therefore, it is shown that environmently friendly agricultural products have a counterpower after the market-open to import. (8) As a result of the analysis on the quality of environmently friendly agricultural products, it is proved that they have better quality than general agricultural products and also, it is found out that women feel larger differences than men in quality. (9) In the analysis on the satisfaction degree of the environmently friendly agricultural products, it is proved that respondents trust the safety and nutrition of them whereas they are not satisfied with the external shape of them. (10) It is analyzed that tile conversion of consumer's consciousness is the most critical factor for development of environmently friendly agriculture. (11) The factors to activate the consumption of environmently friendly agricultural products are proved in order of the enlargement of direct transaction, the conversion of consumer's consciousness, the easiness of purchase, activating consumers'unions, and publicity.