• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.77-97
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• 2020

This study investigates the effects of O2O-based mobile shopping application (O2O MSA)'s information and service quality on the user's perceived privacy protection, satisfaction and loyalty. In this study, 969 questionnaire reponses were collected, out of which 555 were used to estimate the structural paths using PLS-SEM (partial least square structural equation model) for the hypothesis test. Our empirical findings are drawn from Chinese respondents that live in a 1-line city in China and use O2O MSAs serviced by China's leading companies. This study examines and confirms that qualified information and service of O2O MSA positively affect both perceived privacy protection and customer satisfaction, which finally leads to customer behavioral loyalty through the perceived privacy protection. Further, this study presents effective practical implications for application development strategy suitable for users in the O2O-based mobile shopping industry.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.684-705
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• 2022

A new trend has been emerging in recent years, with video game live streaming becoming a meeting ground for gamers, as well as a marketing strategy for game developers. In line with this trend, the emergence of the "Let's Play" culture has significantly changed the manner in which people enjoyed video games. In order to academically explore this new experience, this study seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) Does engaging in video game streaming offer the same feeling as playing the game? (2) If so, what are the factors that affect the feeling of telepresence from viewers' perspective? and (3) How does the feeling of telepresence affect viewers' learning experience of the streamed game? We generated and empirically tested a comprehensive research model based on the telepresence and consumer learning theories. The research findings revealed that the authenticity and pleasantness of the streamer and the interaction of viewers positively affect telepresence, which in turn is positively associated with the gained knowledge and a positive attitude toward the streamed game. Based on the research findings, various practical implications are discussed for game developers as well as platform providers.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-27
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• 2017

The road network system of major domestic urban areas such as city of Seoul was rapidly developed and regionally expanded. In addition, many kinds of life-lines such as electrical cables, telephone cables, water&sewerage lines, heat&cold conduits and gas lines were needed in order for urban residents to live comfortably. Therefore, most of the life-lines were individually buried in underground and individually managed. The utility tunnel is defined as the urban planning facilities for commonly installing life-lines in the National Land Planning Act. Expectation effectiveness of urban utility tunnels is reducing repeated excavation of roads, improvement of urban landscape; road pavement durability; driving performance and traffic flow. It can also be expected that ensuring disaster safety for earthquakes and sinkholes, smart-grind and electric vehicle supply, rapid response to changes in future living environment and etc. Therefore, necessity of urban utility tunnels has recently increased. However, all of the constructed utility tunnels are cut-and-cover tunnels domestically, which is included in development of new-town areas. Since urban areas can not accommodate all buried life-lines, it is necessary to study the feasibility assessment system for utility tunnel by urban patterns and capacity optimization for urban utility tunnels. In this study, we break away from the new-town utility tunnels and suggest a quantitative assessment model based on the evaluation index for urban areas. In addition, we also develop a program that can implement a quantitative evaluation system by subdividing the feasibility assessment system of urban patterns. Ultimately, this study can contribute to be activated the urban utility tunnel.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.325-355
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• 2012

This study was aimed to seek the essential meaning of the Strengths Model based experience of the mothers of the children with ADHD. To achieve such goal, a phenomenological study was carried out from April 2010 to April 2011 covering about 12 months in the way of 2~3 times of interviewing with 14 mothers of the children with ADHD. As a result, the essence of the experiences of those mothers was interpreted as 'the running of unwanted marathon struggling themselves to complete it'. The joining in the unwanted marathon turned out to have led 'me' the mother of the children with ADHD into miserable pain, but that is the 'energy' for 'my child' to endure the world. The essence of those mothers' experiences were divided into eight processes by timely constitution. They firstly experience 'a serial confusion' by their children's odd behaviour which turns out to be 'a semiconscious feeling by the diagnosis with 'ADHD' but then they make full efforts for their children accepting their 'maternal fate'. In that process, they participate in the unwanted marathon with the feeling of misery and gratitude for the 'sayings of teachers which play the roles of shot and grace'. The process was expressed as 'marathon like pain'. They make a resolve to live positively in the midst of lonely struggle unable to give up toward the finish line for 'my child and myself'. They encourage themselves for their children, but that's not easy process. Nevertheless, they gain enduring energy supported by their child, family and specialists. Those mothers keep running today also for their 'beloved doves enduring the ongoing hardship' from the raising of abnormal child toward the finish line of the marathon they have to run for even though the 'finish line' may turn into' 'starting point' again'. This researcher submits here the maternal experiences above as the task to practice social welfare for the mothers of the children with ADHD and the children themselves.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

The paper is to solve the problem of existing sound system, which has difficulties of system organization and the increase of additional install cost and unfriendly interior. To solve the existing system, we drew the new sound system based on PLC and studied it. A transmitter and a receiver were designed using the PLC chip INT5500CS. Sound system was configured with a CD player that sound signals are sent from the transmitter and a speaker connected to the receiver. For analysis of characteristics of this system, a USBPre external sound card and Smaart Live 5 which is a PC-based sound measuring program were added. As a result of our experiment, the measured signal level is $2{\sim}3$[dB] lower than reference signal, latency is 16.69[ms] and the specific character of coherency is bad in high frequency band. Otherwise, this system transmits and receives signals over 90[%] in good condition as a result of measuring pink noise, frequency(1kHz), and phase, magnitude. In view of the result so far achieved, the system designed our team has excellent performance, it resolves defect of existing audio signal transmition system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1057-1066
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• 2007

Six male Gayal (Bos frontalis), approximately two years of age and with a mean live weight of $203{\pm}17$ kg ($mean{\pm}standard\;deviation$), were housed indoors in metabolism cages and fed bamboo (Sinarundinaria) leaves and twigs. After an adjustment period of 24 days of feeding the diet, samples of rumen liquor were obtained for analyses of bacteria in the liquor. The diversity of rumen bacteria was investigated by constructing a 16S rDNA clone library. A total of 147 clones, comprising nearly full length sequences (with a mean length of 1.5 kb) were sequenced and submitted to an on-line similarity search and phylogenetic analysis. Using the criterion of 97% or greater similarity with the sequences of known bacteria, 17 clones were identified as Ruminococcus albus, Butyrivibrio fibrosolvens, Quinella ovalis, Clostridium symbiosium, Succiniclasticum ruminis, Selenomonas ruminantium and Allisonella histaminiformans, respectively. A further 22 clones shared similarity ranging from 90-97% with known bacteria but the similarity in sequences for the remaining 109 clones was less than 90% of those of known bacteria. Using a phylogenetic analysis it was found that the majority of the clones identified (57.1%) were located in the low G+C subdivision, with most of the remainder (42.2% of clones) located in the Cytophage-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) phylum and one clone (0.7%) was identified as a Spirochaete. It was apparent that Gayal have a large and diverse range of bacteria in the rumen liquor which differ from those of cattle and other ruminants. This may explain the greater live weights of Gayal, compared to cattle, grazing in the harsh natural environments in which Gayal are located naturally.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.141-156
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• 1990

The experiments were conducted to investigate the possibility of improving the effectiveness of the existing method to estimate the edible meat weight in the live broiler chicken. A total of 360 birds, five male and female chicks from each line were sacrificed at Trial 1 (body weight 900-1, 000g), Trial 2 (body weight 1.200-1, 400g), Trial 3(body weight 1, 600-1, 700), and Trial 4(body weight 2, 000g) in order to measure the body weight, edible meat weight of breast, thigh and drumsticks, and various components of body weight. Each line was reared at the Poultry Breeding Farm, Seoul National University from the second of july, 1987 to the thirteenth of September, 1987. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows ： 1. The average body weights of each line( H. T, M, A) were $2150.5\pm$34.9, $2133.0\pm$26.2, $1960.0\pm$23.1, and $2319.3\pm$27.9, respectively. at 7 weeks of age. The feed to body weight eain ratio for each line chicks was 2.55, 2.13, 2.08, and 2.03, respectively, for 0 to 7 weeks of age. The viability of each line was 99.7. 99.7, 100.0, and 100.0%, respectively, for 0 to 7 weeks of age.01 was noticed that A Line chicks grow significantly heavier than did T, H, M line chic ks from 0 to 7 weeks of age. The regression coefficients of growth curves from each line chicks were bA＝1.015, bH＝0.265, bM＝0.950 and bT＝0.242, respectively. 2. Among the body weight components, the feather. abdominal fat, breast, and thigh and drumsticks increased in their weight percentage as the birds grew older, while neck. head, giblets and inedible viscera decreased. No difference wat apparent in shank, wings and hack. 3. The weight percentages of breast in edible part for each line thicks were 19.2, 19.0, 19.9 and 19.0% at Trial 4, respectively. The weight percentages of thigh and drumsticks in edible part for each line chicks were 23.1, 23.3, 22.8, and 23.0% at Trial 4. respective1y. 4. The values for the percentage meat yield from breast were 77.2. 78.9 73.5 and 74.8% at Trial 4 in H, T, M and A Line chicks. respectively. For thigh and drumstick, the values of 80.3, 78.4. 79.7 and 80.2% were obtained. These data indicate that the percentage meat yield increase as the birds grow older. 5. The correlation coefficients between body weight and blood. head, shanks. breast. thigh-drumstick were high. The degree if correlation between abdominal fat(%) and percentage of edible meat were extremely low at all times, but those between abdominal fat (%) and inedible viscera were significantly high.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.57-68
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• 1982

The paddy fiels slope located in Kangweon province Hwyongsung gun Gonggeun myon Shinchonri was considerably steep and so it was impossible to economically consolidate the field up to date. But for the porpose of farm mechanization, the field (32. 27ha) was consolidated by the auther under the assitance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery and,;the Administration of Kangweon province. This paddy field consolidation was caused by the treatise on "Land-consolidation methods for farm mechanization in the steep-sloped paddy field", of which the auther is the same. The constrution was carried out from September, 1981 to April, 1982. During the 4esign and construction, some Peculiarities were found and discussed. That is, in design, besides the common condititions for a design, some special conditions were considered and written below; (1) The ranges of field slope in this design were 1/100-1/30. (2) Long sides of the land readjustment blocks must be arranged abreast contour line, and so they make the amount of cutting and banking decreased so as to take the maximum advantage of the configuration of the field. (3) In design, the main principles of dividing blocks were written below; i) First of all, long side of a block should be drawn straight abreast a contour line. ii) Long side of a block should arrange abreast contour line and make its length 100-150m, if not, l)reak the side in order to make a bended rectangle. iii) Length of a short side should be determinded within differences of elevation (0.6 -1. 2m) between the two adjacent blocks toward the normal to a contour line. iv) Length of a short side should be above 15m and the ratio of long and short side should be slso kept 1: (4-6). v) A new field surface leveling was determinded from the elevation which produce the least amount of cuttingand banking within the range of 0.6-1. 2m diffe rences of elevation between the two adjacent blocks. vi) In the course of dividing blocks with the same width along the line which was normal to a contour line, all blocks connot keep their shape in a retangle because of steep slope of the field and so on, and so it was also necessory to make some non-retanglar and small blocks such as a trianglar or trapezoidal shape, which was impossible to use some of farm machinery. But because this non-rectanglar and small blocks were divided, larger and many rectanglar blocks can be divided and construction cost can also be lowered. According to the conditions discussed above, the paddy field consolidation project designed and constructed. And the results of this study were obtained as below; (1) Three-forth of total cost of this paddy field consolidation was not construction cost, and these cost consist of land grading (1/4), road and canal construction cost (1/4) and the other cost (1/4) such as surveying or materials and 56 on. (2) The steeper the land slope, the greater cost was assigned for road and canal construction, and than land grading. (3) Curtailment of the road and canal construction cost depended on simplificating their strutures. (4) In the case of the land slopes were low, the land grading cost was high by 1: 1.4 in comparison with the road and canal construction cost, and conversely when the slops were steep, the road and canal construction cost was high by 1 : 5 in compa- rison with the land grading cost. (5) The densities of irrigation canal, drainage canal and trunk and branch road were 150. Sm/ha, 60. im/ha and 17. 4m/ha respectively. The density of irrigation canal of the area was high by 2 times in comparison with the average one of Kangweon Province, and the others were nearly the same. (6) Most farmers (above 85%) knew the effects of paddy field consolidation. The effects are; 1) Improvement of irrigation 2) Improvement of farm management 3) Improvement of transportarion 4) farm mechanization and 5) grouping of the scattered land. And the more farm modernization was accomplished by these projects, the more farmers wanted to live in their land. (7) In spite of the very steep sloped paddy field, the diminution rate of the net farm land caused by consolidation was 7.7% which was nearly the same as the one of Chulweon plain of Kangweon province. Land grading cost was 971, OOOwon/ha which was rather cheap by 13.2% than the one of Ghulweon plain, and unit construction cost was 5, 341, OOOwon/ha (included soil addition) which was also nearly the same as the one of Chulweon plain and FNFIA (The federation of national farmland improvement association).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1254-1268
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• 2009

In 1998, because of the economic crisis called IMF Crisis in Korea, Kyungbu high speed railway project could run by modifying the original plan to open it as a 1st phase only by utilizing the existing railway lines from Seoul to Siheung and the other one from Daegu to Pusan. The modified plan includes that the line from Daegu to Pusan will be constructed as a second phase in next time. Starting railway operation with the changed plan, the combined application operation of high speed rail, passenger rail and freight rail was caused partly from Seoul to Siheung to run into capital area. As a result, the opinion for additional railway line construction is insisted continuously because the operation volume of passenger rail was forced to be reduced, the service quality of it was decreased and it became difficult to add new high speed services. Moreover, with regard to Honam high speed rail, the new construction plan of station in Kangnam metro area as a basement station for starting from Suseo was changed to the plan of turning out at Osong because of the economic effectiveness and this kept resident people in Kangnam metro area and southern Kyungki area unable to get the opportunity of high speed rail service benefit. After beginning of Kyungbu high speed railway operation, national transportation system developments are focused on high speed rail, and when the second phase construction of Kyungbu high speed rail, beginning operation of Kyungjeon line, Jeolla line double track construction, Honam high speed rail in 2014, is completed, the demand for high speed rail will be increased and it is unavoidable to make Kwangmyung station as a basement station and to reduce the number of passenger rail operation. At this moment, it is valuable to consider adding the railway line capacity in capital area to improve the transferring service for citizen who live in area without Kyungbu high speed rail station and to expand the service area from Kangbuk to Kangnam and southern Kyungki area. Accordingly, in this paper, the effective rail operation method, facility plan and the other issue to be reviewed for increasing capital high speed railway lines will be mentioned.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1651-1659
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• 2011

This study was conducted to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for thirteen growth and meat quality traits in pigs by combing QTL experimental populations. Two F2 reference populations that were sired by Korea native pig (KNP) and dammed by Landrace (LN) or Yorkshire (YK) were generated to construct linkage maps using 123 genetic markers (mostly microsatellites) and to perform QTL analysis on porcine chromosomes (SSCs) 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, and 15. A set of line-cross models was applied to detect QTL, and a series of lack-of-fit tests between the models was used to characterize inheritance mode of QTL. A total of 23, 11 and 19 QTL were detected at 5% chromosome-wise level for the data sets of KNP${\times}$LN, KNP${\times}$YK cross and joint sets of the two cross populations, respectively. With the joint data, two Mendelian expressed QTL for live weight and cooking loss were detected on SSC3 and SSC15 at 1% chromosome-wise level, respectively. Another Mendelian expressed QTL was detected for CIE a on SSC7 at 5% genome-wise level. Our results suggest that QTL analysis by combining data from two QTL populations increase power for QTL detection, which could provide more accurate genetic information in subsequent marker-assisted selection.