• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2024

In advancing Li-ion battery (LIB) technology, the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer is critical for enhancing battery longevity and performance. Formed during the charging process, the SEI layer is essential for controlling ion transport and maintaining electrode stability. This research provides a detailed analysis of how vinylene carbonate (VC) influences SEI layer formation. The integration of VC into the electrolyte markedly improved SEI properties. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a connection between electrolyte decomposition and battery degradation, linked to the EMC esterification and dicarboxylate formation processes. VC facilitated the formation of a more uniform and chemically stable SEI layer enriched with poly(VC), thereby enhancing mechanical resilience and electrochemical stability. These findings deepen our understanding of the role of electrolyte additives in SEI formation, offering a promising strategy to improve the efficiency and lifespan of LIBs.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2013

This study examined the electrochemical deposition and dissolution of lithium on nickel electrodes in 1 mol $dm^{-3}$ (M) $LiPF_6$ dissolved in propylene carbonate (PC) containing different 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) concentrations as a co-solvent. The DME concentration was found to have a significant effect on the reactions occurring at the electrode. The poor cycleability of the electrodes in the pure PC solution was improved considerably by adding small amounts of DME. This results suggested that the dendritic lithium growth could be suppressed by using co-solvents. After hundredth cycling in the 1 M $LiPF_6$/PC:DME (67:33) solution, almost no dead lithium has been found from the disassembled cell, resulting from suppression of dendritic lithium growth. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that dendritic lithium formation was greatly affected by the ratio of DME. Raman spectroscopy results suggested that the structure of solvated lithium ions is a crucial important factor in suppressing dendritic lithium formation.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2019

금속 폐기물로부터의 유가금속 회수는 관련 원료의 수입 혹은 안정적 원료 수급을 위해서 매우 중요하다. 특히 폐리튬이차전지(LIBs)로부터 회수가 가능한 금속(Li, Co, Ni, Mn 등)의 재사용뿐만 아니라 폐리튬이차전지의 재활용 연구가 필수적이다. 폐리튬이차전지에서 회수된 수산화리튬($LiOH{\cdot}xH_2O$)은 촉매, 이산화탄소 흡수제 및 양극재의 전구체로 재사용이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 폐리튬이차전지로부터 회수된 탄산리튬 전구체를 사용하였으며, 침전공정을 이용한 선택적인 리튬 분리를 통해 고순도 수산화리튬 분말의 제조 및 최적화 연구를 진행하였다. 수산화리튬 제조 조건으로는 교반을 기반으로 반응온도 $90^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 3 시간, 탄산리튬과 수산화칼슘의 비율 1:1의 조건에서 수행하였으며, 순도 향상을 위해 2-step 수산화리튬 제조 공정을 추가적으로 진행하여 최종적으로 고순도의 수산화리튬 제일수화물($LiOH{\cdot}xH_2O$)을 제조하였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2011

Interfacial compatibility between the Si-Cu electrode and diluted ionic liquid electrolyte containing 50 vol.% of 1M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)/1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (MPP-TFSI) and 50 vol.% dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in a lithium cell and dilution effect on surface chemistry are examined. ex-situ ATR FTIR analysis results reveal that the surface of the Si-Cu electrode cycled in the diluted ionic liquid electrolyte is effectively passivated with the SEI layer mainly composed of carboxylate salts-containing polymeric compounds produced by the decomposition of DMC. Surface species by the decomposition of TFSI anion and MPP cation are found to be relatively in a very low concentration level. Passivation of electrode surface with the SEI species contributes to protect from further interfacial reactions and to preserve the electrode structure over 200 cycles, delivering discharge capacity of > 1670 $mAhg^{-1}$ and capacity retention of 88% of maximum discharge capacity.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2010

$Li_2PtO_3$ thin film electrodes, which might be possible candidate for the cathode materials for implantable batteries, were synthesized using an electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique onto a platinum foil substrate. Single phase $Li_2PtO_3$with a structure similar to layered $LiCoO_2$ structure were synthesized by spraying a precursor solution of $CH_3CO_2Li2H_2O$ in ethanol onto a Pt substrate at temperatures ranging from 200 to $400^{\circ}C$ followed by annealing at above $600^{\circ}C$. Lithium carbonate was the only major phase at temperatures up to $500^{\circ}C$. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks of the Pt foil substrate and lithium carbonate disappeared at temperatures >$600^{\circ}C$. The volumetric capacity of the $Li_2PtO_3$ thin film synthesized using the ESD technique was approximately 817 mAh/$cm^3$, which exceeded that of $LiCoO_2$ (711 mAh/$cm^3$).

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was studied as an additive for the electrolyte in lithium ion batteries with the $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$ (LNMO) spinel cathode operating at a high potential beyond 4.7 V (vs. $Li/Li^+$). It was found that the FEC additive was electrochemically active for the $1^{st}$ charge cycle on the LNMO cathode. The presence of a large amount of FEC (more than 40 vol%) in the electrolyte caused severe side reactions with abnormally long voltage plateaus. In contrast, when the electrolyte contained less than 30 vol% FEC, the surface of the LNMO cathode was stabilized by the formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to improved cyclability. However, the resistance from the SEI limited the rate capability because of sluggish lithium transportation through the SEI and electronic insulation between the particles in the electrode.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.508-516
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• 1999

Polycrystalline powder of LixNi0.85Co0.15O2 was synthesized by pyrolyzing a powder precursor obtained by the PVA-precursor method. Coin cells of lithium-ion rechargeable battery were assembled, whose the cathodes were fabricated from the crystalline powders of LixNi0.85Co0.15O2 synthesized by the method. The effect of synthetic variation on the property of the cell was tested by carrying out 100 consecutive cycles of charge-dis-charge on the cells. The property of the cell was largely influenced by the pyrolysis conditions applied for the synthesis of the LixNi0.85Co0.15O2. Depending on whether the pyrolysis was carried out in standing air or in the flow of dry air, the discharge capacity and cycle-reversibility of the cell varied in large extent. When the powder precursor was pyrolyzed in standing air, a minor phase of lithium carbonate was remained in the LixNi0.85Co0.15O2. The carbon containing powder precursor had to be pyrolyzed in the flow of dry air to eliminate the minor phase. In the flow of dry air, the lithium carbonate in the precursor was eliminated over 500-700。C without any prominent heat event. By controlling the flow of air over the precursor during its pyrolysis, particle size could also be altered. The effect of flowing dry air, during first step pyrolysis or during second step heat treatment, on the property of the cell was discussed.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2001

유리섬유(glass fiber cloth, GFC)가 보강제로 사용된 고분자 겔 전해질(polymeric gel electrolytes, PGEs)에 $SiO_2$를 첨가하여 전해질의 전기 화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 가소제로는 Ethylene carbonate(EC) , propylene carbonate(PC), diethyl carbonate(DEC)를, 리튬염으로는 $LiClO_4$를 고분자로는 polyacrylronitrile(PAN)과 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene)(P(VdF-co-HFP))을 사용하여 $80\~90{\mu}m$의 두께로 전해질을 제조하였다. 제조된 전해질은 모두 상온체서 $10^{-3}S/cm$의 이온 전도도를 나타내었고, 4.8V까지 안정하였다. 리튬금속을 사용하여 제조된 셀의 임피던스 결과에서는 시간이 지남에 따라 모든 전해질이 부동태 피막의 성장으로 계면저항이 증가했으나, $SiO_2$첨가비율에 따라 뚜렷한 차이는 보이지 않았다. $LiClO_2$와 mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber(MCF)를 각각 양극과 음극으로 사용하여 제조된 겔의 임피던스에서는 $SiO_2$가 첨가되지 않은 셀의 옴 저항이 충전, 방전이 진행되는 동안 많은 변화를 보였으며, $SiO_2$가 첨가된 셀의 저항은 거의 변화되지 않았고, 계면의 변화도 적었다. 또한 방전용량에서도 $SiO_2$가 $20\%$가 첨가된 전해질이 0.2C의 방전속도에132mAh/g의 비 용량을 나타내었고, 2C의 방전속도에서$85\%$의 방전용량을 유지하였다.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2002년도 춘계총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.49-50
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• 2002

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.3107-3108
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• 2009