• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.198-207
• /
• 2016

Tanaka’s snailfish, Liparis tanakae (Gilbert and Burke, 1912), is distributed throughout the coasts of Korea. To clarify the population structure of L. tanakae, we analyzed the morphological and genetic variation among individuals sampled from three localities surrounding the Korean peninsula: Boryeong in the Yellow Sea, Jinhae in the Korea Strait and Pohang in the East Sea. Principal component analysis based on 20 morphometric characteristics revealed two slightly distinct groups (Boryeong vs. Jinhae and Pohang). However, canonical discriminant analysis clearly revealed three groups, separated according to locality. Pairwise differentiation index (F_ST) comparisons based on 762-base pairs mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences showed that Boryeong significantly differed from Jinhae and Pohang, but Jinhae and Pohang did not significantly differ from each other. Our findings suggest that Korean L. tanakae comprise at least two groups. Further studies using more sensitive DNA markers, such as microsatellite DNA, are required.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.368-376
• /
• 2015

The Feeding habits of larval Liparis tanakae collected from the Nakdong River estuary were studied. L. tanakae [3.8-10.6 mm notochord length(NL)] was a carnivore thatconsumed mainly copepods. Its diet also included small numbers of free-living flatworms (Macrostomida), tintinnids, cladocerans, and polychaetes larvae. To evaluate ontogenetic changes in dietary composition, three size groups were designated: 3-5, 5-7, and >7 mm. Copepods were the most important prey items for all size groups. The smallest size group frequently preyed on polychaete and bivalve larvae, along with copepods. As notochord length increased, the numbers of cladocerans and Macrostomida increased relative to those of polychaete and bivalve larvae.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.78-91
• /
• 2021

This study analyzed the reproductive biology, fishing characteristics and changes in fishing business of Liparis tanakae, snailfish collected from September to March. It was the period when they were mainly caught from 2018 to 2020. The average length was generally small in September and October and was large in January and February. The average body weight was generally around 1,500 g and the average body weight in autumn was lower and in winter was higher. The sex ratio of male and female was 0.40:0.60 (��2 test, p < 0.05). The spawning period was estimated from October to February and the main spawning period was from December to February through the GSI. The egg diameter of matured staged female L. tanakae was 0.11-1.48 mm, which was the main spawning period and the relationship between body weight and fecundity was F = 1849TL0.1093 (r2 = 0.2401). The monthly catch of L. tanakae was high from November to February, the time of migrating to the coastal area. Coastal gillnet fishery showed the highest percentage of all fisheries catching Liparis spp. Liparis spp. were caught at a high rate in winter in Chungnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam and Gyeongnam region, and revenue and cost was increased since 2017. Assuming a situation where there is no catch of Liparis spp., the fishing profit that can be obtained was the highest in Gyeongnam region and the dependence on fishing of Liparis spp. by coastal gillnet fishery was high.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.357-358
• /
• 2003

쏭뱅이목, Sorpaeniformes의 꼼치과, Liparidae 어류는 남극, 북극, 대서양 및 태평양에 걸쳐 광범위하게 분포하며(Nelson, 1994), 전세계적으로 24속, 317종(Froese and Pauly, 2003), 우리나라에는 2속 7종만이 보고되어 있다(Kim and Kim, 1997). 국내에서는 꼼치과 어류증 꼼치, Liparis tanakae가 식용으로 즐겨 이용되며, 겨울철 남해안에서 주로 어획된다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2018

This study investigated how the larvae of three winter-spawning fishes are adapted in a cold water environment by examining the morphology, digestive system, and swimming ability of larvae from three winter-spawning species (Gadus macrocephalus, Liparis tanakae, Hexagrammos agrammus). Data were collected at hatching and first feeding. The results were compared with repored data on several non-winter-spawning species. Mean total lengths at hatching (${\pm}SD$) were $4.35{\pm}0.11mm$, $5.26{\pm}0.08mm$, and $7.48{\pm}0.35mm$ for G. macrocephalus, L. tanakae, and H. agrammus, respectively. Three winter-spawning fishes had well-developed digestive tracts after hatching than those of non-winter-spawning fish larvae. Yolks were intact until 5 days post-hatching in all three species, indicating that they had longer mixed-feeding periods compared with fishes spawned during other seasons. G. macrocephalus, L. tanakae, and H. agrammus larvae had superior cruise and burst speeds (measures of swimming ability) than non-winter-spawning larvae. We conclude that the unique characteristics of these three winter-spawning species are naturally selected adaptations under lower water temperature in winter.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2014

We investigated the spacial distribution and species composition of fish larvae during winter season (January 2013~March 2013) in Jinhae Bay, Korea. During the study period, a total of 12 larvae species belonging to 8 families were collected, and the dominant species were Pholis crassispina, Clupea pallasii, Liparis tanakae, Hexagrammos otakii. These four species accounted for 93% of the total number of individual collected. High density and species diversity occurred around Jam-do and eastern area of Chilcheon-do, suggesting that these areas are the main spawning ground of fish larvae in Jinhae Bay.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.165-182
• /
• 2015

The snailfishes (Scorpaenoidei: Liparidae) is a large group requiring taxonomic reviews because of a potential taxonomic confusion due to its great similarity in external morphology between species and a variation of its body color with size. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic review were conducted for 10 species in 3 genera reported around the Korean waters, which facilitate understanding interrelationship within its family, and further management of fisheries resources. Molecular phylogeny using mitochondrial COI (mtCOI) and nuclear RAG2 (nRAG2) sequences indicates that the reciprocal monophyly of the three genera (Careproctus, Crystallichthys, and Liparis) were supported except Crystallichthys matsushimae, being closely related to Careproctus notosaikaiensis in only mtDNA COI topology. Liparis ingens Gilbert and Burke (1912) was reported as a distinct species differing from L. ochotensis. However, in the present study, comparing L. ingens from Korea with L. ochotensis from Japan and Russia, the two species were well corresponded in their morphology and molecule, therefore, we suggest L. ingens to be treated as a junior synonym of L. ochotensis.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.310-316
• /
• 2015

The seasonal and interannual variation in the species composition and abundance of the fish assemblage were studied. Fish samples were collected seasonally over 4 year (2005 to 2008) using pots in the southern coast of East Sea. During the study period, a total of 32 fish species belonging to 24 families were collected. The dominant species were Conger myriaster, Paracentropogon rubripinnis, Liparis tanakae, Parapercis sexfasciata, Eptatretus burgeri and Clupea pallasii pallasii, which accounted for 91.9% of the total number of individuals collected. The number of species, number of individuals, biomass, and diversity fluctuated with season. The peak number of species and number of individuals occurred were in August 2008, whereas the biomass was the highest in August 2005 and diversity was in May 2008. The abundance of dominant species also showed some seasonal and interannual changes. A one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed that the fish assemblage in 2008 was significantly different from those of 2005, 2006 and 2007, whereas there was no significant difference among seasons over 4 years.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.140-149
• /
• 2018

Seasonal variations in the community structure of larval fish assemblage in Jinhae Bay were investigated in February, May, August and November of 2015, and in the same months in 2016. During the study period, a total of 28 larvae species belonging to 24 families were collected. The dominant species were Clupea pallasii, Liparis tanakae, Callionymidae sp., Sillago japonica, Ernogrammus hexagrammus and Engraulis japonica. These six species accounted for 77.6% of the total number of larvae during the survey period. The larvae of C. pallasii and L. tanakae were exclusively caught in February 2015 and 2016, while those of Apogon lineatus and Sillago japonica were exclusively caught in August 2015 and 2016. Overall, species diversity of the fish larvae was highest in February and August, although it was relatively low in May. The results of the non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) analysis using the number of individual larval fish showed that they are divided into four seasonal groups. Our results showed that the community of larval fish in Jinhae Bay was affected by seasonal changes in temperature and the emergence of spawning fish species. Additionally, we suggest that the high abundance of larval fish came from around Jam-do and the northern part of Chilcheon-do; these locations are the main spawning grounds of Jinhae Bay.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2000

Snailfish usually lives at the bottom of the sea and showed typical retrogressive change with specialized tissue structures of skin and skeletons. In order to obtain the specific genes of snailfish, highly expressed in the body, we made subtracted cDNA library and analyzed 200 clones. Totally 200 clones were obtained and sequenced, and among them 62 clones were turned out to be homologous to the known gene, i.e., thioesterase (9), myosin (8), creatine kinase (7), skeletal alpha-actin (6), parvalbumin b (5), ribosomal protein (5), type I collagen (3), muscle troponin (3), dopamine receptor (2), histatin (2), and heat shock protein (2), cystatin (1), lectin (1), statherin (1), secretory carrier membrane protein (1), keratin type I (1), desmin (1), chloroplast (1), muscle tropomyosin (1), reticulum calcium ATPase (1), ribonucleoprotein (1). The remaining 138 clones were low homologous or non-redundant genes through Genbank search. Especially 5 clones were novel and specifically expressed in the body tissues of Snailfish by in situ hybridization. Therefore, we analysed these 5 clones to identify the C-terminal protein structures and motifs, and partly defined the roles of these proteins in comparison with the expression patterns by in situ hybridization. C9O-77, about 5000 bp, was supposed to be a matrix protein expressed strongly positive in epithelium, myxoid tissue, fibrous tissue and collagenous tissue. C9O-116, about 1500 bp, was supposed to be a transmembrane protein which was weakly expressed in the fibrous tissue, epithelium tissue, and myxoid tissue, but strong in muscle tissue. C9O-130, about 1200 bp, was supposed to be an intracytoplasmic molecule usually in the epithelial cells. C9O-161, about 2000 bp, was weakly expressed in epithelium, muscle tissue and myxoid tissue, but specially strong in epithelium. C9O-171, about 1000 bp, was supposed to be a transcription factor containing zinc finger like domain, which was intensely expressed in the epithelium, muscle tissue, fibrous tissue, and in collagenous tissue.