• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 색상 군집화를 이용한 입술탐지 알고리즘을 제안한다. RGB 색상 모델로 주어진 입력영상에서 AdaBoost 알고리즘을 이용하여 얼굴영역을 추출한 후, 얼굴영역을 Lab 컬러 모델로 변환한다. Lab 컬러 모델에서 a 성분은 입술과 유사한 색상을 잘 표현할 수 있는 반면 b 성분은 입술의 보색을 표현할 수 있기 때문에 Lab 컬러로 표현된 얼굴영역에서 a와 b 성분을 기준으로 최단 이웃(nearest neighbour) 군집화 알고리즘을 이용하여 피부 영역을 분리한 후, K-means 색상 군집화를 통해 입술 후보 영역을 추출하고, 마지막으로 기하학적 특징을 이용하여 최종적인 입술영역을 탐지하였다. 실험 결과는 제안된 방법이 강건하게 입술을 탐지함을 보인다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2019

Background No head to head comparison is available between surgical lip lifting and upper lip filler injections to decide which technique yields the best results in patients. Despite the growing popularity of upper lip augmentation, its effect on societal perceptions of attractiveness, successfulness and overall health in woman is unknown. Methods Blinded casual observers viewed three versions of independent images of 15 unique patient lower faces for a total of 45 images. Observers rated the attractiveness, perceived success, and perceived overall health for each patient image. Facial perception questions were answered on a visual analog scale from 0 to 100, where higher scores corresponded to more positive responses. Results Two hundred and seventeen random observers with an average age of 47 years (standard deviation, 15.9) rated the images. The majority of observers were females (n=183, 84%) of white race (n=174, 80%) and had at least some college education (n=202, 93%). The marginal mean score for perceived attractiveness from the natural condition was 1.5 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9-2.18) higher than perceived attractiveness from the simulated upper lip filler injection condition, and 2.6 points higher (95% CI, 1.95-3.24) than the simulated upper lip lift condition. There was a moderate to strong correlation between the scores of the same observer. Conclusions Simulated upper lip augmentation is amenable to social perception analysis. Scores of the same observer for attractiveness, successfulness, and overall health are strongly correlated. Overall, the natural condition had the highest scores in all categories, followed by simulated upper lip filler, and lastly simulated upper lip lift.

• 정보처리학회 논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.166-173
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 얼굴 동영상에서 입술의 움직임과 음성 간의 동기화 탐지 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 연구에서는 얼굴 탐지 기술로 얼굴 영역의 바운딩 박스를 도출하고, 박스의 하단 절반 영역을 시각 인코더의 입력으로 사용하여 입술-음성 동기화 탐지에 필요한 시각적인 특징을 추출하였다. 본 연구에서는 입술-음성 동기화 탐지 모델이 음성 정보의 발화 영역인 입술에 더 집중할 수 있도록 사전 학습된 시각적 Attention 기반의 인코더 도입을 제안한다. 이를 위해 음성 정보 없이 시각적 정보만으로 발화하는 말을 예측하는 독순술(Lip-Reading)에서 사용된 Visual Transformer Pooling(VTP) 모듈을 인코더로 채택했다. 그리고, 제안 방법이 학습 파라미터 수가 적음에도 불구하고 LRS2 데이터 세트에서 다섯 프레임 기준으로 94.5% 정확도를 보임으로써 최근 모델인 VocaList를 능가하는 것을 실험적으로 증명하였다. 또, 제안 방법은 학습에 사용되지 않은 Acappella 데이터셋에서도 VocaList 모델보다 8% 가량의 성능 향상이 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.114-117
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate geometric effect on the contact stress at a lip seal. The geometries of interest were angle, thickness of lip seal and width of contact surface. The contact stress was calculated by using a coupled thermo-mechanical analysis method. The friction thermal load between lip seal and sleeve was adopted to design load. Based on the FEA results, design variables for controlling the maximum contact stress at the lip seal were identified.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.520-525
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• 2003

Supersonic jet issuing from a nozzle invariably cause high-frequency noises. These consist of three principal components ; the turbulent mixing noise, the broadband shock-associated noise, and the screech tone. In present study, it was experimentally investigated to the effect of nozzle lip thickness on the characteristics of supersonic jet noise. The convergent-divergent nozzle of a design Mach number 2.0 was used in experiment. With three different nozzle-lip thicknesses, the jet pressure ratio was varied in the range between 2.0 and 12.0. Acoustic measurements were conducted by microphones in an anechoic room, and the major structures of the supersonic jets were visualized by a Schlieren optical system to investigate the effect of nozzle lip thickness. The measured results show that the characteristics of supersonic jet noise, such as overall sound pressure level (OASPL) and screech frequency, strongly depend upon the thickness of nozzle-lip.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2008

Craniofacial Centre at Children's Hospital Boston is a worldwide leader in the care of children and adolescents with craniofacial anomalies especially with cleft lip and/or cleft palate, which provides a team approach to the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of children and adults with congenital (present at birth) or acquired facial deformities. This is staffed by an experienced team of clinicians, such as in oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, dentistry, audiology, speech and language pathology, genetics, psychiatry, otolaryngology, and social work, all with specialized training in the care of children with craniofacial anomalies. Here, there is a short introduction of history, attending surgeons, works, and sequential treatment for cleft lip/palate patients about this institution.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.543-564
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• 1993

A cephalometric study was undertaken to reveal significant differences of craniofacial morphology of operated congenital cleft lip and palate subjects and control subjects. The material for this study consisted of 73 subjects with operated congenital cleft lip and palate subjects(53 males, 20 females) and 110 control subjects (7 males, 34 females) ranging from 3 to 14 years old. Each group was divided into four age groups (3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14 year) and analyzed by Cohen's method and Burstone's method. The following conclusions were obtained ; 1. In Wit's appraisal, there was no difference the cleft lip and palate subjects and the control subjects. 2. In the cleft lip and palate subjects, they had smaller and more retrusive maxilla than the control subjects in both sexes. 3. In the cleft lip and palate subjects, they had more retrusive mandible than the control subjects in both sexes. 4. In the cleft lip and palate subjects, they had more concave profile than the control subjects.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 1999

항시 장착이 가능한 reverse twin block 장치에 기능의 장애를 받지 않고도 lip pad의 효과를 첨가하기 위하여 가철식으로 lip pad를 제작하여 III급 부정교합의 치료에 적용해 본 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Reverse twin block 장치는 장착한 상태에서 lip pad의 착탈을 통하여 정상적인 저작, 발음 등의 기능을 할 수 있으며 심미적이므로 III급 부정교합의 치료에 있어 상하악이 분리되어 있지 않은 다른 기능성 장치가 가진 단점을 극복할 수 있었다. 2. 본 증례에서는 저발육된 상악에 대한 효과적인 작용을 하는 lip pad를 가철식으로 제작하여 기능의 장애를 받지 않고도 양호한 치료효과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1997년도 제25회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.198-203
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• 1997

This paper deals with a numerical study of the tribological contact stress distributions of elastomeric lip seah for oscillating shafts when the sealing interference and band width between the lip edge of contact seals the shaft are present. Using the finite element method, the contact stress and band width of scraper seals rare analyzed for the sealing interference including some nonlinearities such as geometrical nonlinearity, material nonlinearity and nonlinear contact boundary condition. The FEM results showed that the contact stress concentrated on the contacting lip zone between the contacting edge of lip and the shaft for the increased interference. In double lip scraper seals, the maximum contact stress of the dust lip, which is used to exclude foreign contaminants, is six times higher than that of the primary sealing lip, which is used to contain lubricants.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2015

Patients with cleft lip and palate require interdisciplinary treatment to achieve successful rehabilitation. However, there are special difficulties in orthodontic treatment of adult cleft lip and palate patients: 1. Lack of Tissue, Bone, and Soft tissue; 2. Heavy Scar Tissue, Vestibule, and Palate; 3. Severe Anteroposterior discrepancy and Impaired Maxilla; 4. Distortion of Alveolar Ridge; 5. Abnormal Eruption Path and Malalignment of Tooth. Solving these problems, orthodontist should have differential diagnosis on extent of cleft site and residual deformities of adult cleft lip and palate patient. The tooth missing area in cleft site was commonly treated with a removable or fixed prosthesis, but this method is not stable to retain maxillary arch shape. To establish the more stable arch shape in cleft lip and palate, endosseous implants in the alveolar clefts with bone graft is helpful for management of adult cleft lip and palate patient.