• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.310-337
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• 2018

Adoption of mobile learning (m-learning) is not new in Malaysian oil and gas industry, with heavy investment into research and development to train the workers. Nevertheless, the low application of learnt skills on the job remains an emergent research area where there is a missing link on the effects of m-learning and effective organisational learning and implication on its training transfer. The result of this quantitative research revealed that all variables in m-learning were found to have a positive relationship with the effective organisational learning, and there is evidence of training transfer as a mediator of the relationship between self-directed learning, training design, work environment and effective organisational learning. However, there were some discrepancies in the extend of training transfer between trainee characteristics and organisational learning. As such, some important issues emerged which challenge the importance of evaluating workers' readiness and transfer for a successful implementation of m-learning towards developing effective organisational learning.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.212-220
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• 2014

The current cellular communications are optimized for low mobility users, meaning that their performance is degraded at high speed. Therefore, passengers in a high-speed train experience very poor radio link quality due to the significantly large number of simultaneous handovers. In addition, wireless data traffic is expanding exponentially in trains, subways and buses due to the widespread use of smartphones and mobile devices. To solve the inherent problem of cellular communication networks and meet the growing traffic demand, this paper proposes the mobile hotspot network of a millimeter-wave communication system as a mobile wireless backhaul. This paper describes the physical layer design of uplink and downlink in the proposed system, and the performances of uplink and downlink are evaluated under Rician fading channel conditions. The implemented baseband prototype of the proposed millimeter-wave communication modem is presented. This system can provide a Gbps data rate service in high-speed trains carrying hundreds of wireless Internet users.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.7A
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• pp.550-556
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• 2005

This paper proposes a path prediction-based seamless handover scheme to minimize service disruption and packet loss due to handovers for mobile networks such as Dams. This scheme exploits a peculiar characteristics of trains which move on a predetermined path. The mobile router on the train can predict a handover point and then perform network-layer handover before link-layer handover occurs. This leads to the reduction of handover latency and packet loss during handovers. The performance evaluation showed that the proposed scheme could provide excellent performance, compared with the NEMO basic support scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.4 s.35
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• pp.441-448
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• 2006

Following the recent privatization of the UK railway system there has been an increase in the volume of rail freight. It. Influential factors include the problem of road congestion, and policies towards increasing grants. With a focus on grants (government subsidies), this paper examines changes in rail freight, and the tasks facing the UK railway. I attempt to explain recent trends in rail freight grants and changes that have positively influenced the rail freight. In particular, I demonstrate the trends in rail freight and scheme which link the government and industry. Moreover, I explain the grants scheme and method of calculation, concisely. Finally I reveal the characteristics of UK rail grants scheme. In this paper, I argue that grants have played an important role of in the development of freight and that rail freight is more environment friendly than road transport. This paper have a many important aspects. Namely, an account of the introduction of the grant scheme of UK. Also, I explore the method of calculation of these grants. It will give some lessons for Korea rail. In conclusion, I note some suggestions and those problems which impede the freight transport. In future, the problems of some of these problems should be addressed, For example, the lack of infrastructure and development of an adequate train time schedule in case of rail freight have to be improved.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.5C
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• pp.485-497
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• 2009

In this paper, we described DVB-S2 system for mobility. cross layer coding technique are needed to maintain the performance in deep fading channel. Cross layer coding is divided into two kinds of level. First level is Physical layer coding and, second layer is link layer or upper layer coding. Fixed on DVB-S2 short frame coding method as a physical layer, we simulated the various coding method as an upper layer coding. Furthermore, we analyzed the performance of each coding method on according to mobile vehicle speed, data rate, interleaving memory size, and IP packet size.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.863-869
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• 2006

The existing Europe Standard, EN 50159 with respect of safety of railway signalling communication protocol has been changed into International Standard, IEC 62280. This Standard presents the requirement for safe communication between safety-related devices which connects with transmission system, there are both closed and open transmission system. Regardless of this international Standards, the communication protocol for interface between CTC communication server and external facilities has been standardized several years ago in our country, so this is applied to integrated CTC system in KORAIL. Two Standards are currently standardized as a protocol between CTC and external facilities, these standard protocols are also required high level safety as a communication link which is transmitted vital control information in common with the train control system. For that reason, we have made analysis of requirement for the safe transmission required by international standard. Under this analysis, we have studied safety features of communication protocol applying to our standard. In other words, we have researched that how many the requirement from international standard for safe transmission is reflected in domestic standard protocol, and also whether our standard makes sure of safety enough or not.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.482-488
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• 2008

Seoul Metro Line 9 (SML9) will link Gimpo Airport to the Gangnam district opening in May 2009. SML9 has a new model in Korea constructed by metropolitan government and private company and operated by specialized public transportation service provider. SML9 is confronted with tough environment of stagnated public transportation and strong competitor, Olympic city expressway. Consequently SML9 must lead the maximum efficiency by using its material and human resource. Hereupon, I propose renovation plans from 3 viewpoints of operation field of SML9: Rapid-Local combination, close connection with other transportation and direct connecting service into Incheon Air-port Railroad(AREX).

• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.17-22
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a black ice detection system using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Black ice poses a serious threat to road safety, particularly during winter conditions. To overcome this problem, we introduce a CNN-based architecture for real-time black ice detection with an encoder-decoder network, specifically designed for real-time black ice detection using thermal images. To train the network, we establish a specialized experimental platform to capture thermal images of various black ice formations on diverse road surfaces, including cement and asphalt. This enables us to curate a comprehensive dataset of thermal road black ice images for a training and evaluation purpose. Additionally, in order to enhance the accuracy of black ice detection, we propose a multi-scale dilation convolution feature fusion (MsDC-FF) technique. This proposed technique dynamically adjusts the dilation ratios based on the input image's resolution, improving the network's ability to capture fine-grained details. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed network model compared to conventional image segmentation models. Our model achieved an mIoU of 95.93%, while LinkNet achieved an mIoU of 95.39%. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposed model in this paper could offer a promising solution for real-time black ice detection, thereby enhancing road safety during winter conditions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.527-536
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to predict changing traffic environments and related economic effects by reflecting the changed KTDB and socio-economic indicators pertaining to Mulgeum station, a general railway stop, when it is confirmed as a KTX stop. To analyze the data of this study, socioeconomic indicators and the general status of transportation facility operations were investigated with reference to related statistical data, centered on the country overall and on Yangsan city in particular. In addition, we investigated and referenced the railroad facility construction plan and train operation plan, which are national high-level plans related to land development and transportation network construction. Currently, there are only ITX trains (4 times/day) and Mugunghwa trains (29 times/day) that stop at Mulgeum station in Yangsan, meaning that passengers cannot use KTX trains in the Yangsan area. In particular, the need for a KTX stop at Mulgeum station has been continuously raised because train users in the Yangsan area have inconvenient transportation in that they must travel 40 minutes to Ulsan station or 30 minutes to Gupo station to use the KTX. As a result of analyzing railroad transportation demand that will change in the future as the KTX stop at Mulgeum station is confirmed, the number of passengers boarding and arriving at Mulgeum station is predicted to be 1,674 passengers/day by 2025. In addition, the numbers of train passengers that are converted from Ulsan and Gupo stations due to the stop at Mulgeum station are predicted to be 594 passengers/day boarding and 562 passengers/day arriving by 2025. In the future, if Yangsan citizens use the KTX Mulgeum station, the access time to Mulgeum station can be shortened to 22 minutes from 65 minutes, and it is predicted that the inconvenience of transferring between railroads will be resolved, with the waiting time for transfers reduced by up to a maximum of 40 minutes. Therefore, the economic effect of creating a KTX stop at Mulgeum station was analyzed to be B/C=1.823 when general railroad operating costs are not taken into account and B/C=2.127 when general railroad operating costs are considered. In conclusion, when using KTX trains to visit the Seoul Metropolitan Area, it takes 2 hours and 43 minutes to use Mulgeum station without using Ulsan station or Gupo station, which is considered to be very effective for reducing travel times and improving the economic feasibility of this development; it is also expected that Yangsan city will be able to improve accessibility and mobility to the Seoul Metropolitan Area by breaking free from the disgrace of being a remote location given its link to KTX in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.6 s.84
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• pp.115-125
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• 2005

The line planning problem is to determine the origin and destination stations of the lines with their frequencies so as to meet the OD demands. Since the advent of high speed trains, Korea railway is confronted with the urgent difficulty to reconstruct the line configuration with the frequencies of each line and each fleet type so the demands could be newly created as well as satisfied. Furthermore. the existing trains except the high speed trains suffer from a longer traveling time than before. Now, to reduce the passenger traveling time, the trains with the various halting patterns are run in the same line. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new line planning model to consider the various halting patterns. Most of studies find the frequencies of each lines which meet the link traffic loads or minimum link frequencies. But these are based on the assumption of all stop patterns. Furthermore, it is not easy to include the actual constraints as like the minimum number of stops at a station, the maximum number of stops or a train, etc. We develop the line planning model considering not only the various halting patterns but also the actual constraints which is based on the multicommodity network flow model with the additional constraints.