• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.657-668
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• 2017

In this research, an active vibration suppression of a smart beam having piezoelectric sensor and actuators is investigated by designing separate controllers comprising a linear quadratic regulator and a neural network. Firstly, design of a smart beam which consists of a cantilever aluminum beam with surface bonded piezoelectric patches and a designed mechanism having a micro servomotor with a mass attached arm for obtaining variations in the frequency response function are presented. Secondly, the frequency response functions of the smart beam are investigated experimentally by using different piezoelectric patch combinations and the analytical models of the smart beam around its first resonance frequency region for various servomotor arm angle configurations are obtained. Then, a linear quadratic regulator controller is designed and used to simulate the suppression of free and forced vibrations which are performed both in time and frequency domain. In parallel to simulations, experiments are conducted to observe the closed loop behavior of the smart beam and the results are compared as well. Finally, active vibration suppression of the smart beam is investigated by using a linear controller with a neural network based adaptive element which is designed for the purpose of overcoming the undesired consequences due to variations in the real system.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

In this study, the force tracking performance of the single-rod and double-rod type EHAs (Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators) was compared by computer simulation and experiments. The force-controlled EHAs exhibit non-linear behavior that are significantly dependent on operation conditions. The investigation focused on localizing the parameters that provide significant rise to the non-linearity. For this, the single-rod and double-rod type EHAs were mathematically expressed to derive their linear models. In parallel, they were modeled by a commercial simulation program including non-linear properties based on experimental results. It was shown that the dependency of the bulk modulus of oil with entrapped air on working pressure dominated the non-linearity in force control performance in case of the double-rod type EHA. The force control of the single-rod type EHA was influenced by much more elements. Besides the asymmetrical piston geometry and the non-linear bulk modulus of oil, its pilot-operated check valves made it dependent not only on the magnitude of reference input but also on its direction.

• 한국인공지능학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2022

As the need for eco-friendly transportation increases due to the deepening climate crisis, many local governments in Korea are introducing shared bicycles. Due to anxiety about public transportation after COVID-19, bicycles have firmly established themselves as the axis of daily transportation. The use of shared bicycles is spread, and the demand for bicycles is increasing by rental offices, but there are operational and management difficulties because the demand is managed under a limited budget. And unfortunately, user behavior results in a spatial imbalance of the bike inventory over time. So, in order to easily operate the maintenance of shared bicycles in Seoul, bicycles should be prepared in large quantities at a time of high demand and withdrawn at a low time. Therefore, in this study, by using machine learning, the linear regression algorithm and MS Azure ML are used to predict and analyze when demand is high. As a result of the analysis, the demand for bicycles in 2018 is on the rise compared to 2017, and the demand is lower in winter than in spring, summer, and fall. It can be judged that this linear regression-based prediction can reduce maintenance and management costs in a shared society and increase user convenience. In a further study, we will focus on shared bike routes by using GPS tracking systems. Through the data found, the route used by most people will be analyzed to derive the optimal route when installing a bicycle-only road.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.431-443
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate health behavior related to particulate matter (PM) in older adults and examine the factors affecting it. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. Data were collected from 150 voluntary older adult participants from Songpa-gu in Seoul. The survey questions measured service perception and experience related to PM, risk perception related to PM, attitude toward risk of PM, and health behavior related to PM. Results: The average score for health behavior related to PM was 79.37, ranging from 51 to 115. There was a significant positive correlation between health behavior related to PM and risk perception related to PM (r=.58, p<.001) as well as between health behavior related to PM and attitude toward risk of PM (r=.70, p<.001). Multiple linear regression revealed that health behavior related to PM was predicted by levels of the existence of disease related to PM (β=.14, p=.019), service experience related to PM (β=.20, p=.021), risk perception related to PM (β=.20, p=.019), and attitude toward risk of PM (β=.44, p<.001). The model including these variables accounted for 47.0% of health behavior related to PM. Conclusion: Korean older adults have the low level of health behavior related to PM. The findings of this study emphasize that risk perception and attitude toward risk of PM should be evaluated, and the underlying diseases related to PM and their service experience should be considered in developing intervention to improve health behavior related to PM.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 압축성이 매우 큰 준설 매립지반의 비선형 유한변형 압밀거동을 평가하기 위해 두 가지 압밀해석방법이 제시되었다. 이를 위해 동반논문에서 얻어진 초기간극비, 비선형의 간극비-유효응력 관계와 간극비-투수계수 관계를 비선형 압밀 물성치로 적용하였다. 단순화된 Morris의 간편 이론해(2002)와 대표적인 일차원 비선형 유한변형 압밀 프로그램인 PSDDF(Primary Consolidation, Secondary Compression, and Desiccation of Dredged Fill)의 해석결과를 일련의 실내실험을 통해 얻어진 인천 준설토와 카올리나이트의 자중압밀 침하거동과 비교하여, 실제 준설 매립지반의 장기간 비선형 유한변형 압밀거동을 모사하는데 두 방법의 적용이 타당함을 보였다. 또한, Craney Island 인공섬 사례분석을 통하여 적절한 비선형 유한변형 압밀 파라메터 선정의 중요성과 준설 매립지반의 압밀거동 평가시 PSDDF의 적용성을 제시하였다.

• 광물과 암석
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2022

자연산 해포석(Sepiolite, Mg₈Si₁₂O₃₀(OH)₄·12H₂O)에 대해 물과 실리콘 오일을 압력매개체로 사용하여 압력 증가에 따른 구조적인 변화의 특성을 싱크로트론 X-선 회절 실험으로 연구하였다. 해포석은 실리콘 오일을 압력매개체로 사용한 환경에서는 약 3.6 GPa까지 압력의 증가에 따라 b-축이 비등방적으로 증가하는 음의 선형압축률(-0.0012 GPa^-1)을 보이다가 7.7 GPa 에서는 감소하는 변화를 보였다. 물을 압력매개체로 사용한 실험에서는 b-축의 압력에 따른 증가의 정도가 약 두 배로 커지며(-0.0025 GPa^-1) 강화된 음의 선형 압축률과 비등방적 압축 특성을 보이다가, 약 3.2 GPa, 280 ℃에서 스멕타이트 계열 광물인 스티븐자이트(Stevensite, Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O)로 상변화가 일어남이 XRD와 SEM을 통해 확인하였다. 해포석과 스티븐자이트의 체적탄성률(K₀)과 선형압축률(β)를 구조적, 화학적으로 유사한 다른 광물의 값들과 비교하여 그 의미를 고찰하였다.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.365-366
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• 2002

The sliding wear behavior of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was examined on a novel low temperature degradation-free zirconia/alumina composite material and conventional alumina and zirconia ceramics used for femoral head in total hip joint replacement. The wear of UHMWPE pins against these ceramic disks was evaluated by performing linear reciprocal sliding and repeat pass rotational sliding tests for one million cycles in bovine serum. The weight loss of polyethylene against the novel low temperature degradation-free zirconia/alumina composite disks was much less than those against conventional ceramics for all tests. The mean weight loss of the polyethylene pins was more io the linear reciprocal sliding test than in the repeal pass rotational sliding lest for all kinds of disk materials. Neither the coherent transfer film nor the surface damage was observed on the surface of the novel zirconia/alumina composite disks during the test. The observed r,'stilts indicated that the wear of the polyethylene was closely related to contacting materials and kinematic motions. In conclusion, the novel zirconia/alumina composite leads the least wear of polyethylene among the tested ceramics and demonstrates the potential as lhe alternative materials for femoral head in total hip joint replacement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.517-539
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• 2004

Many types of passive control devices have been recognized as effective tools for improving the seismic resistance of structures. A lot of past research has been carried out to study the response of structures equipped with energy-absorbing devices by assuming that the behavior of the beam-column systems are linearly elastic. However, linear theory may not be adequate for beams and columns during severe earthquakes. This paper presents the results of research on the nonlinear responses of structures with and without added passive devices under earthquakes. A new material model based on the plasticity theory and the two-surface model for beams and columns under six components of forces is proposed to predict the nonlinear behavior of beam-column systems. And a new nonlinear beam element in consideration of shear deformation is developed to analyze the beams and columns of a structure. Numerical results reveal that linear assumption may not be appropriate for beams and columns under seismic loadings, especially for unexpectedly large earthquakes. Also, it may be necessary to adopt nonlinear beam elements in the analysis and design process to assure the safety of structures with or without the control of devices.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2014

이 연구는 표면매입 보강된 FRP 판과 콘크리트사이의 응력전달기구를 이론적으로 연구한 것으로서 이선형 부착모델을 이용하여 부착거동을 묘사하고 이를 실험 결과와 비교하여 신뢰성있는 해석방법을 제시하였다. 연구로부터, 표면매입된 FRP 판과 콘크리트사이의 계면특성을 고려한 미분방정식에 이선형 부착-미끄러짐 관계곡선을 사용하여 해석할 경우, 모델의 임계값인 최대전단강도와 미끄러짐 변위, 그리고 박락에 의한 연화거동이 시작될 때의 변위값 선정과정이 제시되었다. 또한 제안된 모델을 사용하여 부착길이가 다르게 보강된 표면매입 FRP 판의 미끄러짐 거동을 해석한 결과 실제 거동을 매우 근사하게 묘사할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제73권3호
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• pp.303-317
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• 2020

In this study an innovative rocking zipper braced frame (RZBF) is proposed to overcome the deficiencies of common concentrically braced frames. RZBF is an improved rocking concentrically braced frame which is based on combination of rocking behavior and zipper columns. The base rocking joints and post-tensioned bars provide rocking response and restoring force, respectively. Also, zipper columns distribute the unbalance force over the frame height and reduce the damage concentration. To evaluate seismic performance of RZBF, a comparison study is carried out considering concentrically braced frame, zipper braced frame, rocking concentrically braced frame and RZBF. Thereby, a suite of non-linear time history analyses had been performed on four different types of archetypes with four, six, eight, ten and twelve stories. Frames were designed and non-linear time history analyses were conducted in OpenSees. To compare the seismic behavior of the archetypes, roof drifts, residual roof drifts, story drifts, the forces of first and top story braces, PT bars forces, column uplift and base shears were taken in to consideration. Results illustrate that using RZBF, can reduce the damage due to reduced residual drifts. Zipper columns enhance the seismic performance of rocking systems. As the number of stories increase in the RZBF systems, larger top story braces were needed. So the RZBF system is applicable on low and midrise buildings.