• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.281-295
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• 2010

An experimental and a non linear finite element investigation on the behavior of steel-concrete composite beams stiffened in hogging moment region with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) sheets is presented in this paper. A total of five specimens were tested under two-point loads. Three of the composite beams included concrete slab while the other two beams had composite slabs. The stiffening was achieved by attaching CFRP sheets to the concrete surface at the position of negative bending moment. The suggested CFRP sheets arrangement enhanced the overall beam behavior and increased the composite beam capacity. Valuable parametric study was conducted using a three dimensional finite element model using ANSYS program. Both geometrical and material nonlinearity were included. The studied parameters included CFRP sheet arrangement, concrete strength and degree of shear connection.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.519-540
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• 2013

This paper presents an optimal design method for determining pile lengths of piled raft foundations. The foundation settlement is evaluated by taking into account the raft-pile-soil interaction. The analysis of settlement is simplified by using Steinbrenner's equation. Then the total pile length is minimized under the settlement constraint. An extended sequential linear programming technique combined with an adaptive step-length algorithm of pile lengths is used to solve the optimal design problem. The accuracy of the simplified settlement analysis method and the validity of the obtained optimal solution are investigated through the comparison with the actual measurement result in existing piled raft foundations.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.657-666
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• 2020

A rotational pulse-echo ultrasonic propagation imager that can inspect cylindrical specimens for material nondestructive evaluations is proposed herein. In this system, a laser-generated ultrasonic bulk wave is used for inspection, which enables a clear visualization of subsurface defects with a precise reproduction of the damage shape and size. The ultrasonic waves are generated by a Q-switched laser that impinges on the outer surface of the specimen walls. The generated waves travel through the walls and their echo is detected by a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) at the same point. To obtain the optimal Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the measured signal, the LDV requires the sensed surface to be at a right angle to the laser beam and at a predefined constant standoff distance from the laser head. For flat specimens, these constraints can be easily satisfied by performing a raster scan using a dual-axis linear stage. However, this arrangement cannot be used for cylindrical specimens owing to their curved nature. To inspect the cylindrical specimens, a circular scan technology is newly proposed for pulse-echo laser ultrasound. A rotational stage is coupled with a single-axis linear stage to inspect the desired area of the specimen. This system arrangement ensures that the standoff distance and beam incidence angle are maintained while the cylindrical specimen is being inspected. This enables the inspection of a curved specimen while maintaining the optimal SNR. The measurement result is displayed in parallel with the on-going inspection. The inspection data used in scanning are mapped from rotational coordinates to linear coordinates for visualization and post-processing of results. A graphical user interface software is implemented in C++ using a QT framework and controls all the individual blocks of the system and implements the necessary image processing, scan calculations, data acquisition, signal processing and result visualization.

• 전기의세계
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.441-447
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• 1981

As a preceeding work for the study on dielectric characterstics of a kind of low density polyethylene introduced morphological change by mechanical method, glass transition temperature which is regarded as a macroscopic aspect for relaxation of molecular chain segments has been observed by means of temperature dependent dilatometric measurement. The origina specimen clearly shows two knees which correspond to two peaks (.gamma. and .betha. peak) in the intenal friction measurement, suggesting the existence of separated glass transition temperatures at 150.deg.k and 260.deg.k respectively. On the specimen irradiated to 100 Mrad both glass transition temperatures tend to shift towards high temperature sides because of crosslinking by irradiation. furthemore an evidence can be seen that radiation effect, even in amorphous phase, is also slelctive depending on slight morphological differences. The specimen extended to four times in length shows a peculiar nature such as negative linear thermal expansion coefficient increasing with temperature between 220.deg.k and ambient temperature and that this fact is interpreted by considering that c axis of the lattice aligns along the extended direction by drawing, further c axis inherently possesses the characteristics of negative linear thermal expansion coefficient. For the observations that the relatively small positive linear expansion on the specimen extended to ca. two times as well as the part below 220.deg.k of the specimen extended to four times, it is considered for the reason of the facts that the incompletely oriented region indicated as the middle part of Peterlin's model tends to restore partially to orginal arrangement-a kind of phase transition-as increasing with temperature.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.719-722
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• 2002

This paper reports the characteristics of a bidirectional antenna by using a planar array of a probe excited circular ring. The element of a bidirectional antenna is first designed to achieve the maximum directivity. The directivity can be further increased by arranging these elements to form the linear array. There are two types of linear array to be investigated i.e., on axis and off axis arrangement. On-axis linear array yields better directivity than off-axis linear array. Therefore, this orientation is further used to form the planar array. The radiation characteristics of this optimum planar array are rigorously reported. The proposed structure is very useful to extend the distance between the base station in PCT system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.951-956
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• 2013

This paper describes techniques used to analyze the sweet spot of sound field reproduced by ear-level linear arrays of loudspeakers by geometrical approach method. Previous researches have introduced various sweet spot definitions in their own way. In general, sweet spot is defined as an area whose stereophonic sound effect is valid. Its size is affected by the geometrical arrangement of the system. In this paper, a case when plane waves are generated by linear arrays of loudspeakers in the horizontal plane is considered. So the sweet spot is defined as an area in which the listener can perceive the desired azimuth angle. Because there are many loudspeakers, impulse responses at listener's ears are in the form of pulse-train and the time-duration of the pulse-train affects the localization performance of the listener. So we calculated the maximum time duration of pulse-train by geometrical approach method and identified with the results of impulse response simulation. This paper also includes parameter analysis with respect to aperture size, so it suggests a tool for sound engineers to expect the sweet spot size and listener's sound perception.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.233-236
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• 2004

In this study, we analyzed the accuracy of the conversion from DLT parameters to physical camera parameters and optimized the use of DLT model for non-metric cameras in photogrammetric tasks. Using the simulated data, we computed two sets of physical camera parameters from DLT parameters and Bundle adjustment for various cases. Comparing two results based on the RMSE values of check points, we optimized the arrangement of GCPs for DLT.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 1997

A swept volume is a useful tool for solving various types of interference problems. Previous works have concentrated on sweeping an object along an arbitrary path, that results in complex algorithms. This paper concerns the volume swept by translating an object along a linear path. After analyzing the structure of the swept volume, we present an incremental algorithm for constructing a swept volume. Our algorithm takes O(n/sup 2/ *.alpha.(n)+T/sub c/) time where n is the number of vertices in the original object and T/sub c/ is time for handling face cycles.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.679-689
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• 2021

The first author suggested an exact volume formula of the hypercubes [0, 1]ⁿ clipped by several hyperplanes expressed directly in terms of linear coefficients of the hyperplanes. However, it requires awkward assumptions to apply the formula to various situations. We suggest a concrete method to overcome those restrictions for two or three hyperplanes using 𝜖-perturbation, which gives an exact value applicable for any kind of arrangement of hyperplanes with no consideration.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1519-1525
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• 2011

Construction of the coping of reinforced concrete piers is very complicated due to heavy density of rebars and usually exposed to negligent accident. To correct these problems, coping is pre-assembled at the ground in pier coping pre-assembly method and recently a new method of rebar assembling has proposed in this study. For safety assessment of proposed method, small scale model test of railway bridge(PSC U-GIRDER T-shaped pier) was carried out and it was verified that crack pattern, failure mechanism and load resistance capacity are similar between existing method and proposed method. And using analytical approach, linear and non-linear finite element analysis was performed. As a result, it was checked that proposed method has an acceptable structural safety.