• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.262-269
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• 1994

Background : A clinical study was carried out on 153 new cases with small cell lung cancer registered at Presbyterian Medical Center, Chonju during the 7 years from 1986 to 1992. They were analyzed by sex and age distribution, symptoms and signs, classification of stage and site and its treatments. Especially, an effort was made to compare the overall survival time between limited stage and extensive stage. Methods : Among 806 lung cancer patients diagnosed by biopsy or cytologic evaluation for the 7 years, 153 patients was shown small cell lung cancer. These 153 cases was analyzed retrospectivery through patient's records, letters or telephones. Results : The results of evaluation of small cell lung cancer are as follows. Over 85 percent of the small cell lung cancer patients were over 50 years of age and prominent clinical features were cough(86.3%), sputum(75.8%) and dyspnea(54.9%). One hundred and five patients(68.7%) was staged to have limited stage. Mean survival time of the chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy in limited stage has significant difference and its survivals are 5.3 months and 15.0 months. Patients whose disease was staged as limited, regardless of whether or not chemotherapy was administered, had a median survival time of 10.9 months, compared with 4.8 months for those with extensive stage. Conclusion : Lung cancer is one of the malignant diseases tend to increase gradually in Korea and proven to be the most common cancer next to the gastric cancer among various cancers in males found at the Presbyterian Medical Center in the past seven years. This report is a retrospective view of the clinical therapeutic results of the small cell lung cancer patients. Especially at the limited stage, the combined therapy revealed higher survival rate than the chemotherapy alone. For a more accurate evaluation. a prospective view, without any bias, of patients selected at random is needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2021

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the incidence of tumor recurrence, postoperative myasthenia gravis, postoperative complications, and overall survival after limited versus total thymectomy for Masaoka stage I and II thymoma. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant studies that compared limited and total thymectomy in Masaoka stage I-II patients. The quality of the included observational studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The results of the meta-analysis were expressed as log-transformed odds ratios (log ORs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Seven observational studies with a total of 2,310 patients were included in the meta-analysis. There was an overall non-significant difference in favor of total thymectomy in terms of tumor recurrence (pooled log OR, 0.40; 95% CI, -0.07 to 0.87; p=0.10; I2=0%) and postoperative myasthenia gravis (pooled log OR, 0.12; 95% CI, -1.08 to 1.32; p=0.85; I2=22.6%). However, an overall non-significant difference was found in favor of limited thymectomy with respect to postoperative complications (pooled log OR, -0.21; 95% CI, -1.08 to 0.66; p=0.64; I2=36.1%) and overall survival (pooled log OR, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.68 to 0.66; p=0.98; I2=47.8%). Conclusion: Based on the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis, limited thymectomy as a treatment for stage I and II thymoma shows similar oncologic outcomes to total thymectomy.

• Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.233-241
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• 2018

Objectives. As endoscopic instrumentation, techniques and knowledges have significantly improved recently, endoscopic ear surgery has become increasingly popular. Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) can provide better visualization of hidden areas in the middle ear cavity during congenital cholesteatoma removal. We aimed to describe outcomes for TEES for congenital cholesteatoma in a pediatric population. Methods. Twenty-five children (age, 17 months to 9 years) with congenital cholesteatoma confined to the middle ear underwent TEES by an experienced surgeon; 13 children had been classified as Potsic stage I, seven as stage II, and five as stage III. The mean follow-up period was 24 months. Recurrence of congenital cholesteatoma and surgical complication was observed. Results. Congenital cholesteatoma can be removed successfully via transcanal endoscopic approach in all patients, and no surgical complications occurred; only one patient with a stage II cholesteatoma showed recurrence during the follow-up visit, and the patient underwent revision surgery. The other patients underwent one-stage operations and showed no cholesteatoma recurrence at their last visits. Two patients underwent second-stage ossicular reconstruction. Conclusion. Although the follow-up period and number of patients were limited, pediatric congenital cholesteatoma limited to the middle ear cavity could be safely and effectively removed using TEES.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 2017

Purpose: This study evaluated outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) after chemotherapy in limited-stage head-and-neck diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Materials and Methods: Eighty patients who were treated for limited-stage head-and-neck DLBCL with CHOP (n = 43) or R-CHOP (n = 37), were analyzed. After chemotherapy, RT was administered to the extended field (n = 60) or the involved field (n = 16), or the involved site (n = 4). The median dose of RT ranged from 36 Gy in case of those with a complete response, to 45-60 Gy in those with a partial response. Results: In all patients, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 83.9% and 80.1%, respectively. In comparison with the CHOP regimen, the R-CHOP regimen showed a better 5-year DFS (86.5% vs. 73.9%, p = 0.027) and a lower rate of treatment failures (25.6% vs. 8.1%, p = 0.040). The volume (p = 0.047) and dose of RT (p < 0.001) were significantly reduced in patients treated with R-CHOP compared to that in those treated with CHOP. Conclusion: The outcomes of RT after chemotherapy with R-CHOP were better than those of CHOP regimen for limited-stage head-and-neck DLBCL. In patients treated with R-CHOP, a reduced RT dose and volume might be feasible without increasing treatment failures.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.75-78
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• 2021

A Morel-Lavallée lesion is a post-traumatic closed degloving soft tissue injury after blunt trauma. Infection and skin necrosis frequently occur if it is not treated properly in the early stages. However, there is no clearly established treatment algorithm. In the acute stage, it is mainly treated with aspiration, simple compression, and incisional drainage. In the chronic stage, sclerotherapy is usually performed. If skin necrosis develops, the necrotic tissue is resected and a skin graft is needed. We describe a case of acute Morel-Lavallée lesion in the buttock region that was treated with limited incisional drainage and negative-pressure wound therapy, and also present a review of the literature.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

In this study, we developed a method to determine the flood-limited water levels of agricultural reservoirs, considering both their irrigation and flood control functions. Irrigation safety and flood safety indices were defined to be applied to various reservoirs, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the irrigation and flood control properties. Seasonal flood-limited water level scenarios were established to represent the temporal characteristics of rainfall and agricultural water supply and the safety indices were analyzed according to these scenarios. The optimal scenarios were derived using a schematic solution based on Pareto front analysis. The method was applied to Obong, Yedang, and Myogok reservoirs, and the results showed that the characteristics of each reservoir were well represented in the safety indices. The irrigation safety of Obong reservoir was found to be significantly influenced by the late-stage flood-limited water level, while those of Yedang and Myogok reservoir were primarily affected by the early and mid-stage flood-limited water levels. The values of irrigation safety and flood safety indices for each scenario were plotted as points on the coordinate plane, and the optimal flood-limited water levels were selected from the Pareto front. The storage ratio of the optimal flood-limited water levels for the early, mid, and late stages were 65-70%, 70%, and 75% for Obong reservoir, 75%, 70-75%, and 65-70% for Yedang reservoir, and 75-80%, 70%, and 50% for Myogok reservoir. We expect that the method developed in this study will facilitate efficient reservoir operations.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

The study objectives were to increase both the stage of readiness to eat fruit and vegetables as well as the intakes of women who participated in the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) for families with limited incomes. The intervention was to enhance the currently used curriculum, Eating Right Is Basic III (ERIB3), with stage-specific processes based on the Trans-Theoretical Model of readiness to change. Trained EFNEP community workers taught the enhanced curriculum to 90 mothers in the experimental county and to 53 mothers in the control county. Pre- and post-intervention measures included stages of readiness to eat fruit and vegetables and to intake as assessed by 24-hour dietary recalls and staging questions. Most women recruited into EFNEP were in Action and Preparation Stages (53.5%). Fruit and vegetable intakes showed a linear trend along with the Stage of Change for fruit and vegetable. After intervention, some combination of the ERIB3 and the fruit and vegetables-enhanced ERIB3 resulted in a reported 1/2 servings/day increase in fruits and vegetables in both the control and the experimental counties, although changes were not significant. EFNEP women also moved along the Stage of Change Continuum for fruits and vegetables in both counties. The percentage of people who ate 5 or more servings of fruit and vegetables was significant, however, only in the experimental group. We encourage health professionals to apply lessons learned from this intervention and to continue to pursue theoretically based interventions to change dietary behaviors.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.379-390
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• 2018

In this paper, a novel and effective damage diagnosis algorithm is proposed to detect and estimate damage using two stages least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) and limited number of attached sensors on structures. In the first stage, LS-SVM1 is used to predict the unmeasured mode shapes data based on limited measured modal data and in the second stage, LS-SVM2 is used to predicting the damage location and severity using the complete modal data from the first-stage LS-SVM1. The presented methods are applied to a three story irregular frame and cantilever plate. To investigate the noise effects and modeling errors, two uncertainty levels have been considered. Moreover, the performance of the proposed methods has been verified through using experimental modal data of a mass-stiffness system. The obtained damage identification results show the suitable performance of the proposed damage identification method for structures in spite of different uncertainty levels.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.16
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• pp.207-216
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• 1996

This paper develops an algorithm for throughput of a 3-stage flow line with job inspection stations, limited buffer capacity, and exponential processing times. Each stage consists of a single workstation, and an infinite number of jobs always waits in front of the first workstation. Blocking may occur when a processed job is waiting at one workstation for another workstation to become available. Numerical example results provide insights into the problems related to quality inspection and measure of performance of flow lines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.218-223
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• 2009

Even though the movement of human body contruct the primary factor of Dancing Art, spectators appreciate more meaningful expression of the stage that stand above limited space and time. Lighting is a distinctive expressive mechanism of obvious line, form and rhythem of human body by marking a light and shade through artificial beams into the stage. As Dancing art is different from drama, lighting of dancing stage should be distinguished from that of drama stage.