• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2015

This study evaluates nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors and food group acceptability based on a sample of 514 of new employees in Gyeonggi area. Among the respondents, 70.6% of male, and their age was 30.7 Most were college graduates (94.9%) and unmarried (86.3%). Based on the BMI males tended to be overweight, whereas females, normal. In terms of health consciousness based on five-point Likert-type scale, the average score for the health status was 4.18 indicating good health, and health attention was 4.88 indicating high health attention. Dietary behaviors were evaluated using five-point Likert-type scale. According to the results, the total score for regular diet based on 5 items was 9.6; that for a balanced diet based on 7 items was 22.2; and that for practical diet action based on 8 items was 22.3. That is, the respondents were on an irregular diet but tried to balanced diet through appropriate diet action. Food acceptability was evaluated using a five-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly dislike(1)" to "strongly like(5)". The score of meat group was 3.67; that for the fish 3.43; and that for the vegetable group was 2.86. Females were slightly more like to accept fruits 3.60 than males 3.48;(p<0.05). The total score for nutrition knowledge based on 35 items was 20.5. A balanced diet was correlated with egg acceptability (p<0.01); energy-related knowledge with confectionery preferences (p<0.05); and vitamin knowledge, with snack affinity (p<0.05). Health attention was negatively correlated with seafood preferences for male(p<0.05) and with snacks for females(p<0.05). The respondents were strongly interested in and aware of their health, but this did not lead to their food preferences. These results suggests that dietary habits can lead to nutritional balance for maintaining the health of employees.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of happiness index in dental hygienists. This study can be used to improve the quality of life and the turnover intention in the dental hygienists. Methods: The subjects were 281 dental hygienists in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Chungcheong province. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by the subjects. The questionnaire consisted of 7 questions of general characteristics of the subjects, 7 questions of dental hygiene performance, and 9 questions of happiness index. The instrument for happiness index was modified from Suh and Koo. Cronbach's alpha was 0.850 in the happiness index measure by Likert 7 scale. The instrument for professionalism was modified from Baek and consisted of 25 questions measure by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.694 in the professionalism. The instrument for turnover intention was modified from Lee and consisted of 5 questions measured by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.712 in turnover intention. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. for one way ANOVA, Duncan posthoc test, Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression. Results: The means of happiness index, professionalism and turnover intention of subjects were 4.44, 3.06 and 3.05, respectively. The happiness index was higher in those who are married(4.66), those who have high income, and those who have careers in dental hygienists(4.61). There were significant differences in the happiness index by the average daily working hours, place of treatment, work intensity and off duty hours. Conclusions: This study suggests that improvement of the happiness index in clinical dental hygienists requires the continuing and systematic education program and administrative support that can reduce the turnover intention.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide the preliminary data for dietary education to increase students' vegetables intake. Methods: The attitude of vegetables consumption (5-Likert scale), preference score (7-Likert scale) and eating frequency (5-Likert scale) of 9 fragrance vegetables were investigated by survey questionnaire. A total of 370 students enrolled in primary, middle, high schools, and university participated in the study and data were analyzed by the SPSS WIN (ver 12.0). Results: About 40% of those surveyed answered that they do not eat some kinds of foods and 16% of students do not eat vegetables, the most unfavorable foods. The students in all groups (primary $2^{nd}$ and $2^{th}$, middle and high school, university students) answered that they liked vegetables with the highest score in university students, and they did not often eat fragrance vegetables. Lower age student group, especially primary school $2^{nd}$ showed more positive attitudes of eating challenge toward no experience, bad taste, and dislike but nutritious vegetable foods. The most important factor of vegetable preference was taste, the biggest reason of both like and dislike. Only 4 students designated nutrition as for vegetable dislike reason, means that all students knew about the nutritional importance of vegetables. It was shown that the color and flavor of the vegetables act as dislikable reason rather than likable reason. The significant correlations between preference score and intake frequency of fragrance vegetables were confirmed, and the younger the students the greater the correlation coefficient. Conclusions: Thus providing more chance to experience vegetables, such as fragrance vegetables and education about the importance of balanced diet will be an effective way of increasing vegetables intake, and the younger the students the greater the education effect.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.29-43
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to generate the candidate items for the Adolescent Friendship Social Capital Scale. Both inductive and deductive approaches were used to generate the scale items. Halpern's conceptual map of social capital served as the theoretical basis of this scale, and guided the development of items. Semi-structured interviews with adolescents in Sydney, Melbourne and Beijing generated the initial pool of scale items. Twenty-six items were generated for the Adolescent Friendship Social Capital Scale. The items are organised in four theoretical constructs: Bonding Networks, Bridging Norms, Bridging Sanctions, and Linking Networks. Each item is a short statement followed by a five-point Likert scale anchored by 1= "Strongly disagree" and 5= "Strongly agree". The scale has several advantages over previous measures of adolescent friendship networks and friendship social capital. The scale has a strong and clear theoretical structure, the scale items demonstrate initial construct and content validity, and the format of the scale enables the collection of continuous data. However, in order to ensure the validity and reliability of the scale, another two stages of research need to be conducted in the future: scale development and scale evaluation.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2012

Objectives : A protocol called "critical pathway" was developed to standardize the management of hospital patients the day after they underwent gamma knife radiosurgery. The quality of improvement in patient outcomes was evaluated. Methods : Critical pathway was developed, according to the regulations of the I hospital, by analyzing the medical records of 22 inpatients who underwent gamma knife surgery within the period from January to April 2011 on the day of the surgery. The study included a group of 22 patients admitted to the hospital the day after they underwent gamma knife radiosurgery, between July and September 2011. The control group included 22 patients who had surgery employing the same method within the period from May to June 2011. To measure the effects on quality improvement, the average length of stay, the execution rate of the hospital discharge notice system, daily hospital revenue, and the satisfaction of the patients and the medical team were assessed. The patient questionnaire employed a four-point Likert scale while the medical-staff questionnaire employed a five-point Likert scale. Result : The average length of stay was significantly shorter in the study group compared to the control group (2.3 days vs. 3.8 days, P<0.05). The execution rate of the hospital discharge notice system was higher in the study group (100% vs. 72%) than in the control group. Daily hospital revenues were higher by 264,178 Korean won in the study group when compared to the control group. The study group showed greater satisfaction of patients compared to the control group based on a four-point Likert scale (P<0.05). The study group showed greater satisfaction in medical team compared to the control group based on a five-point Likert scale (P<0.05). Conclusion : The development and implementation of a critical pathway protocol for hospital admission the day after gamma knife radiosurgery is an effective care process that improves the clinical quality.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

Objectives : Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a cause of the progressive compression myelopahty or radiculopathy. More and more cases being reported in the field of western medicine, but very few cases have been reported in the field of oriental medicine. This study can make prove the effectiveness of oriental medicine about OPLL by acupotomy therpapy. Methods : A patient who is diagnosed to OPLL was participated in this study. The patient was treated by acupotomy therapy. After the treatment, patient was measured by VAS (visual analogue scale), questionnaires (NDI, J-OA score) and 5 Likert scale. Results : The results in the questionnaires (NDI, J-OA score) and VAS, ROM shows that the improving of OPLL pain and function. Conclusions : Acuptomy on OPLL was showed the effectiveness in pain and function of the patient.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.143-151
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of acupotomy for patient with avascular necrosis(AVN) of femur head. Methods : Three patient who had been diagnosed as AVN participated in this study. The patient treated by acupotomy therapy. After the treatment, the patient was measured by visual analogue scale(VAS), Harris hip score and five likert scale Results : The patient informed the researcher of reduced pain and improved range of movement after the conduct of acupotomy therapy. The efficacy of acupotomy treatment was reaffirmed by the results of the VAS, physical examination (ROM, Patrcik sign), Harris hip score. Conclusions : Acupotomy therapy on AVN of femur head shows the efficacy in reducing pain and improving movement.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.183-192
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare immediate response after acupuncture on Local Acupoints group and Distal Acupoints group for neck pain patients. Methods : From January 2nd 2008 to August 31th 2008, 10 neck pain patients were divided into 2 groups. One group(test I group) was taken Local Acupoints, and the other group(test II group) was taken Distal Acupoints. To check immediate response and satisfaction of needling, visual analog scale(VAS), range of motion(ROM), clinical evaluation grade and five-point likert scale were used before and after treatment. Results : Both acupuncture therapy showed immediate response and good effect on neck pain. And test I group showed more immediate response than test II group on all categories. Conclusions : Local Acupoints group can be recommended as an immediate and useful therapy to treat neck pain.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2021

As interest in vocational competency development projects increases, support is increasing. In this study, in order to study ways to improve participation in vocational competency development training, related factors are selected and the main factors influencing them are derived. The main factors were influencing factors were identified and ways to improve participation rate of vocational competency development were studied. Variables were selected through prior research, and data were collected and analyzed through in-depth group interviews. Based on factor analysis and reliability analysis, as a result of confirming the factors that influence the plan for improving participation in vocational competency development training by applying the backward stage selection (condition) method of logistic regression analysis, the case of respect for minorities in the 7-point Likert scale The closer to 7 was, the higher the probability of being classified as having never participated, and the other factors except minority respect, Likert scale closer to 7 indicates higher probability of bening classified as having never participated, except for the minority respect factor. Therefore, it was confirmed that lowering the scale of the factor of respect for minority, which is job satisfaction, and increasing the factors of individual characteristics such as annual salary and organizational commitment, training system for job satisfaction, and quality assurance have effects on improving participation rates in vocational competency development training.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.111-123
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• 2017

Objectives: To develop and investigate the reliability of the pathologic aging scale based on korean medical theory and korean medical pattern identification for dementia. Methods: We searched the textbook of korean neurophychiatry and Donguibogam and selected items through professional consensus. We compared between dementia(n=40) and normal elderly(n=38) and tested the reliability of two scales. Results: After professional consensus, we drafted the Korean Medical Pathologic Aging Scale(12 items, Likert 3 scale) and Korean Medical Pattern Identification for Dementia(4 patterns, 28 items, Likert 5 scale). On Korean Medical Pathologic Aging Scale, There is no significant difference between two groups. We had good internal consistency(Cronbach's alpha = 0.6) and test-retest reliability(r=0.631) but low inter-rater reliability(r=0.430). On Korean Medical Pattern Identification for Dementia, dementia patients diagnosed with Qi deficiency are significantly more than those in normal group. We had fairly good internal consistency(Cronbach's alpha = 0.574) and excellent test-retest(kappa= .800) and inter-rater reliability(kappa = .733). Conclusions: Korean Medical Pattern Identification for Dementia is appropriate for diagnosing korean medical pattern. But Korean Medical Pathologic Aging Scale isn't appropriate to discriminate dementia from normal elderly because of many subjective items. Therefore objective measurement of sensory dysfunction would be needed to measure pathologic aging based on korean medical theory.