• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2013

This paper calculates the mating dynamic forces of a semi-submersible offshore structure's topside module, where a hull moored in the sea is combined with a topside module carried by a heavy lift vessel, as a mating installation method. The environmental conditions include various wave directions and wave heights, with constant wind and current speeds. Appropriate ballast and de-ballast plans for the heavy lift vessel and hull of the semi-rig should be performed in order to safely obtain these forces, whereas a fixed platform or the GBS (Gravity based structure) type of offshore structure only needs a ballast plan for the heavy lift vessel. From this paper, the allowable wave height or wave direction for the mating procedure can be investigated based on the standard DAF (Dynamic amplitude factor) of the rules and regulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Recently, the development of UAM, which was named by NASA as an alternative to solve the traffic and environmental problems caused by the rapidly progressing urbanization. When designing UAM, the location of lift fans greatly affects the core technology of the eVTOL type, distributed electric propulsion technology and aerodynamic performance of the vehicle. In this paper, a hybrid UAM model was designed using OpenVSP, an open source aircraft configuration modeling program, and aerodynamic analysis was performed according to the lift fans position change by the vortex lattice method. As a result, it is confirmed that the flight parameters and trailing wakes are stable by fixing the lift fan with the state rotated 0° to the flow direction of the aircraft during cruise flight. Also, OpenVSP is a suitable tool to be used in aircraft configuration modeling and design.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.68-76
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• 2024

The rotor sail is one of the representative devices in eco-friendly wind-assisted propulsion systems that have been practically applied to commercial ships. The present study proposes an asymmetric vertical folding rotor sail (AFRS) designed for small ships, featuring asymmetric geometry along the vertical direction and the function of vertical folding. To evaluate the aerodynamic performance of rotor sail, the drag, lift and lift-to-drag ratio were derived using computational fluid dynamics. The aerodynamic performance of AFRS was compared with that of normal rotor sail with different aspect ratios and spin ratios. The effect of geometric parameters on the aerodynamic performance of AFRS was assessed by varying the asymmetric diameter ratio. The maximum improvement in lift-to-drag ratio for AFRS was approximately 12% in the considered case. Additionally, the resistance is decreased when AFRS is vertically folded without rotating. Throughout the present study, improved aerodynamic and resistance performances for AFRS were confirmed, which will successfully provide additional propulsion to small ships.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 1992

The wind pressure distributions were analyzed to provide fundamental criteria for the structural design on e single-span arched house according to the wind directions through the wind tunnel experiment. In order to investigate the wind force distributions, the variation of the wind force coefficients, the mean wind force coefficients, the drag force coefficients and the lift force coefficients were estimated by using the experimental data. The results obtained are as follows: 1. When the wind direction was normal to the wall, the maximum positive wind pressure along the height of the wall occurred approximately at two-thirds of the wall height because of the effects of boundary layer flow. 2. When the wind direction was 30$^{\circ}$ to the wall, the maximum positive wind force occurred at the windward edge of the wall. When the wind direction was parallel to the wall, the maximum negative wind force occurred at the windward edge of the wall. 3. The maximum negative wind force along the width of the roof appeared around the width ratio, 0.4, and that along the length of the roof appeared around the length ratio, 0.5. 4. According to the results of the mean wind force coefficients analysis, the maximum negative wind force occurred on the roof at the wind direction of 30$^{\circ}$. 5. The wind forces at the wind direction of 30$^{\circ}$ instead of 0$^{\circ}$ are recommended in the structural design of supports for a house. 6. To prevent partial damage of a house structure by wind forces, the local wind forces should be considered to the structural design of a house.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2002

The pressure distributions on a semi-span wing 1/12 scale mode and sic component aerodynamic forces and moments on a complete 1/16 scale advanced trainer model were measured. To reduce wing-tip vortex strength, 3 wing-tip jet slot shaped(forward $35{^{\circ}C}$ direction, straigt direction, backward $35{^{\circ}C}$ direction) and 3 blowing coefficents (0.004, 0.009, 0.017) were considered. From experiment results, the case of straight direction and blowing coefficent of 0.017 was the best effective in the reduction of drag and in increase of lift-drag ratio and A rate of drag decrease and a rate of lift-drag ratio increase were of most effective on angle of attack 8 degree.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.83-86
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• 2002

Numerical simulations are conducted for laminar flow past a sphere rotating In the transverse direction, in order to investigate the effect of the rotation on the characteristics of flow over a sphere. The Reynolds numbers considered are Re=100, 250 and 300 based on the free-stream velocity and the sphere diameter, and the rotational speeds are in the range of $0{\leq}{\omega}{\leq}1$, where ${\omega}^{\ast}$ is the maximum velocity on the sphere surface normalized by the free-stream velocity. At ${\omega}^{\ast}=0$ (without rotation), the flow past the sphere experiences steady axisymmeoy, steady planar-symmetry and unsteady planar-symmetry, respectively, at Re=100, 250 and 300. However, with rotation, the flow becomes planar-symmetric for all the cases investigated and the symmetry plane is orthogonal to the axis of the rotation. The flow is also steady or unsteady depending on both the Reynolds number and the rotational speed, and the vortical structures behind the sphere are significantly modified by the rotation. For example, at Re=300, hairpin vortices completely disappear in the wake at ${\omega}^{\ast}=0.4\;and\;0.6$, and at ${\omega}^{\ast}=1$ vortical structures of a high frequency are newly generated due to the shear layer instability. It is also shown that with increasing rotational speed, the time-averaged drag and lift coefficients increase monotonically.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.117-123
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• 2015

An experimental study of model truss-type vertical gate consisting of a truss and a plate was presented in this paper to examine the structural dynamics of the gates. A 1:61 scale model was constructed for the 95 m prototype gate using an acrylic truss and an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plate. The scaled model was tested in a 1.6 m wide concrete flume for two orientations to determine the effects of gate orientation on structural vibrations. Natural frequencies of the model gate was measured and calibrated with FEM predictions. Vertical vibrations were measured under various operational conditions, including a range of bottom opening heights and different upstream and downstream water levels. The gate model with reverse direction was preferred due to its low overall vibrational response and flow level combinations. The test results also provide a basic dataset for development of operations guidelines that minimize flow-induced vibrations of the gates.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2012

Numerical simulations were performed to study the stall characteristics of turboprop aircraft. Stall characteristics were qualitatively investigated using the computational results of various configurations based on the combinations of propeller and high lift device. For the analysis of stall characteristics, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver with Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model was used and the relative motion between propeller and wing was simulated using sliding mesh technique. For the cruise configurations, major flow separation was occurred at the fuselage/wing fairing and the separation was reduced under propeller slipstream condition. For the high lift device configuration without propeller, major flow separation was occurred at the outboard side of nacelle. With rotating propeller, early stall onset due to low relative velocity and high effective angle of attack was observed on the outboard wing section. Regarding rotating direction of propeller, inboard-down direction was preferred due to the stall delay effect of propeller slipstream.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.983-989
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• 2007

Most of life thing including human being have tendency of reaction with inherently their own pattern against environmental change caused by such as light, sound, smell etc. Especially, a sense of direction often works as a very important factor in such reaction. Actually, human or animal lift that can react instantly to a stimulus determine their action with a sense of direction to a stimulant. In this paper, we try to propose how to give a sense of direction to a robot using sound being representative stimulant, and tracking sensors being able to detect the direction of such sound source. We also try to propose how to determine the relative directions among devices or robots using the digital compass and the RSSI on wireless network.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.120-127
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• 2016

This study examined the dynamic characteristics of the gate to identify the optimal gate installation direction according to the installation direction. A 1:31 scale model was constructed for a 47.5m prototype gate using acrylic. The scaled weights were tuned by adding lead weights. The first step was to measure the natural frequencies of the model gates, and compare them with finite-element analysis of the prototypes as a calibration. The scaled model was tested in a 1.6 m wide concrete flume for two orientations to determine the effects of the gate orientation on structural vibrations. Vertical vibrations were measured under a range of operational conditions, including a range of bottom opening heights and different upstream and downstream water levels. For large bottom opening heights in the normal direction, relatively large vibrations were induced by vortices shed at the plate bottom that would strike the horizontal truss member. This phenomenon was avoided in the reverse direction. For small bottom opening heights in the normal direction, these vibrations were caused by a suction force that developed at the gate bottom. The gate model in the reverse direction was preferred because of its low overall vibrational response under general gate opening and flow level combinations.