• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제22권10호
• /
• pp.1187-1198
• /
• 2019

In this study, we propose a new $PM_{10}$ forecasting model for Seoul region using DNN(Deep Neural Network) and secondary data. The previous numerical and Julian forecast model have been developed using primary data such as weather and air quality measurements. These models give excellent results for accuracy and false alarms, but POD is not good for the daily life usage. To solve this problem, we develop four secondary factors composed with primary data, which reflect the correlations between primary factors and high $PM_{10}$ concentrations. The proposed 4 models are A(Anomaly), BT(Back trajectory), CB(Contribution), CS(Cosine similarity), and ALL(model using all 4 secondary data). Among them, model ALL shows the best performance in all indicators, especially the PODs are improved.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제60권4호
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 2018

Thermal stress of pigs causes decreased feed consumption and weight gain rate, immunosuppression, reproductive disorders, and increased mortality. The concept of the temperature-humidity index (THI) has been widely used to evaluate the degree of thermal stress of pigs. However, use of this concept is strongly restricted for animals living in the enclosed facilities. In this study, Building Energy Simulation (BES) technique was used to realize the energy flow among outside weather conditions, building materials, and animals. Especially, mechanisms of sensible and latent heat generation from pigs according to surrounding air temperature and their weight were designed to accurately evaluate the THI values inside the pig house. The THI values computed by the BES model were compared to those calculated by method of the report (NIAS, 2016), the model of this study predicted the start date of heat stress about 9~76 days earlier compared to the NIAS model. Results of the BES model also showed higher frequencies of the THI above the THI threshold for pigs, indicating that conventional model has a possibility of underestimating the degree of heat stress of pigs.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.153-202
• /
• 2014

Aside from political leaders' popularity rates and the stock exchange index of business firms, ordinary people are highly interested in aspects of daily life, such as housing, income, health, family, food, human relations and work. Cross-national opinion polls on daily-life satisfaction were carried out in Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong, Macao, the Philippines, India, Myanmar, Taiwan, China, Malaysia and Pakistan in the fall of 2013 and winter 2014. The percent difference index (PDI) is formulated as the sum of two positive responses (satisfied and somewhat satisfied) minus the sum of two negative responses (dissatisfied and somewhat dissatisfied). Percent difference indices are given according to society and daily-life aspects. For our analysis to go beneath national average and to go beyond national borders, two lines of analysis are carried out. First, the distance between the level of satisfaction of the top and bottom quartiles is given for each society and according to each of the daily-life aspects. Second, the regional sum of satisfaction of the top quartiles and bottom quartiles are shown crossed by daily-life aspects. In this article we confine ourselves to preliminary comparative description and analysis. More solid and deep comparisons will be carried out by local polling leaders of 12 Asian societies in the succeeding issue of the Asian Journal of Public Opinion Research. Nevertheless, two key threads stand out from this preliminary comparisons. First, social relations (family and human relations) stand out as most satisfied aspects of life in most of twelve societies. Second, the need to go beneath national averages and beyond national borders in analyzing cross-national surveys is confirmed. The comparability and validity of cross-national surveys with varying sampling method and survey mode are briefly discussed toward the end of the article.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.442-450
• /
• 2015

Climate temperature affects animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate whether climatic conditions affect beef carcass characteristics of Korean cattle steers. The monthly carcass characteristics of Korean cattle steers (n = 2,182,415) for 8 yr (2006 through 2013) were collected from the Korean Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation. Daily climate temperature (CT) and relative humidity (RH) data were collected from the Korean Meteorological Administration. Weather conditions in South Korea during summer were hot and humid, with a maximum temperature of $28.4^{\circ}C$ and a maximum RH of 91.4%. The temperature-humidity index (THI), calculated based on CT and RH, ranges from 73 to 80 during summer. Winter in South Korea was cold, with a minimum temperature of $-4.0^{\circ}C$ and a wind-chill temperature of $-6.2^{\circ}C$. Both marbling score (MS) and quality grade (QG) of Korean cattle steer carcasses were generally best (p<0.05) in autumn and worst in spring. A correlation analysis showed that MS and QG frequencies were not associated (p>0.05) with CT. Yield grade (YG) of Korean cattle steer carcasses was lowest (p<0.05) in winter (November to January) and highest in spring and summer (May to September). A correlation analysis revealed that YG frequency was strongly correlated ($r{\geq}0.71$; p<0.01) with CT and THI values. The rib eye area, a positive YG parameter, was not associated with CT. Backfat thickness (BT), a negative YG factor, was highest in winter (November and December). The BT was strongly negatively correlated ($r{\leq}-0.74$; p<0.01) with CTs. Therefore, the poor YG during winter is likely due in part to the high BT. In conclusion, YG in Korean cattle steer carcasses was worst in winter. QGs were not associated with winter or summer climatic conditions.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제57권4호
• /
• pp.399-404
• /
• 2019

Scabies is a parasitic skin infection with intense itching. Scabies infection seriously impairs quality of life, while outbreaks in medical institutions cause financial losses. This study aimed to present the annual and seasonal trend of prevalence of scabies in the national population. Scabies cases were extracted from National Health Insurance Service database and its epidemiologic characteristics were assessed. To analyze the seasonality of scabies occurrence, temperature and humidity were included in the model as weather factors, and the per capita gross national income index was adjusted. The annual prevalence by age group was 0.56-0.69 per 1,000 persons until the age of 40 years and peaked at 3.0-4.1 per 1,000 persons in the age group over 80 years. The number of women diagnosed with scabies has been consistently higher compared to that of men since 2010. Mean number of cases diagnosed as scabies was lowest in spring, approximately 4,000 cases, when the average temperature was less than $5^{\circ}C$ at 2 months prior, whereas more than 6,000 scabies cases occurred in autumn when temperatures exceeded $25^{\circ}C$ at 2 months prior. This study presents the epidemiological characteristics and seasonality of all cases nationwide over 8 years and will help to establish control policies.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제60권2호
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2018

Thermal stress of livestock has been issued due to recent climate change trends and this causes reproductive disorders, decreased feed consumption, immunosuppression, and increased mortality of animals. Concept of THI has been widely used to quantitatively evaluate the degree of thermal stress for animals, however use of this concept is restricted for animals living in the enclosed facilities such as mechanically ventilated broiler houses. In this study, time-based internal energy flow and variation trends of temperature and humidity were analyzed based on BES technique. Local weather data, insulation characteristics of building materials, heat and moisture generation rate from broilers according to age, algorithm of ventilation operation were adopted for boundary condition of the model to accurately compute THI values inside the mechanically ventilated broiler house. From the BES computation, excess frequency of THI threshold in Jeju city was highest on the assumption that air conditioning equipments were not installed. When general raising density ($39kg\;m^{-2}$) was adopted, total 2,191 hours were exceeded. Excess hours of THI threshold were strongly related to the cumulative air temperature ($R^2=0.87$).

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.317-325
• /
• 2015

우리나라 농촌은 지형이 복잡하고 소규모 농장이 많아 농업기상서비스 개선을 위해서는 먼저 기상청 종관 예보의 규모축소가 필요하다. 지형기후학에 근거한 공간정보기술을 이용하여 기상청의 기온예보자료 가운데 0600과 1500 LST자료를 선정된 집수역에 대해 30 m급의 국지규모로 상세화하고, 14개 관측소의 실측기온 자료를 2013년부터 2014년까지 수집하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 0600 LST기온의 경우 집수역 가운데 고도가 낮은 곳에서, 1500 LST 기온의 경우 계곡의 서향 및 남향 사면에서 정확도가 크게 개선되는 것을 확인하였다. 상세화 한 기온실황자료를 이용하여 지역 내 소규모 농장을 대상으로 하는 시범서비스를 시작하였으며 농장 맞춤 기상정보를 제공하고 있다. 예컨대 이 서비스시스템은 기온자료를 토대로 작물의 발육단계를 추정하고, 발육단계별 최저기온에 따른 서리해 발생 관계식에 의해 내일 아침 예보기온의 서리위험 여부를 판정한다. 만약 서리위험도가 미리 설정된 기준을 넘으면 농장주의 휴대폰으로 대응지침과 함께 서리해 경보를 발송하여 피해를 예방할 수 있도록 도와준다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제62권6호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2020

Reservoir storage and water level information is essential for accurate drought monitoring and prediction. In particular, the agricultural drought has increased the risk of agricultural water shortages due to regional bias in reservoirs and water supply facilities, which are major water supply facilities for agricultural water. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the available water capacity of the reservoir, and it is necessary to determine the water surface area and water capacity. Remote sensing provides images of temporal water storage and level variations, and a combination of both measurement techniques can indicate a change in water volume. In areas of ungauged water volume, satellite remote sensing image acts as a powerful tool to measure changes in surface water level. The purpose of this study is to estimate of reservoir storage and level variations using satellite remote sensing image combined with hydrological statistical data and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). Water surface areas were estimated using the Sentinel-2 satellite images in Seosan, Chungcheongnam-do from 2016 to 2018. The remote sensing-based reservoir storage estimation algorithm from this study is general and transferable to applications for lakes and reservoirs. The data set can be used for improving the representation of water resources management for incorporating lakes into weather forecasting models and climate models, and hydrologic processes.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.139-145
• /
• 2011

최근 10년간 전세계적으로 아스팔트 포장을 재활용하는 기술이 급속도로 확산되고 있으며 노후 아스팔트 포장을 폼드 아스팔트 또는 유화 아스팔트를 사용하여 현장에서 바로 100% 재활용하는 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장기술이 다양하게 적용되고 있다. 특히, 아이오와 주에서는 교통량이 적은 지방도로에서 기존 포장의 수명을 연장 시켜주는 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 공법을 많이 적용하고 있다. 일반적으로 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장층은 수분의 침투나 교통하중으로부터 보호하거나 포장설계를 만족시키기 위해 가열 아스팔트 포장으로 덧씌우기를 한다. 일반적으로 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장층 위에 가열 아스팔트 포장으로 덧씌우기 할 시기는 대부분에 감독자들은 일정한 양생기간 또는 최대 함수비에 근거하여 결정하고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 감독자가 최적에 덧씌우기 아스팔트 포장 시기를 결정할 수 있도록 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장층의 현장 함수비를 간단하게 측정하여 덧씌우기 시기를 결정할 수 있는 수분 감소계수를 개발하는 것이다. 먼저, 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장층의 함수비를 TDR 함수량계를 사용하여 측정하였고 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장이 시공되는 기간 동안에 강우량, 대기온도, 습도, 바람속도 등 기상정보를 수집하였다. 마지막으로 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장의 초기 함수비, 대기온도, 습도, 바람속도를 변수로 하는 수분 감소계수를 개발하였다. 실제 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장에서 측정한 값을 사용하여 개발한 수분 감소계수는 감독자가 연속적으로 현장 상온 재생 아스팔트 포장층의 함수비를 측정하지 않고 최적의 덧씌우기 포장 시점을 결정할 수 있다.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 한옥 거주환경의 쾌적성능에 대한 정량적 자료를 제시하고 개선 요인을 도출하는 데 있다. 먼저 정책적 성공사례로서 현대(신(新))한옥의 하나인 전남 화순군 잠정햇살마을 한옥단지를 대상으로 건구온도, 복사온도, 상대습도, 풍속 등 열쾌적성 평가의 영향 요소를 측정했다. 이어 도출 데이터를 적용하여 PMV(Predicted Mean Vote)를 산출하는 열환경 시험을 수행했으며, 사용자 대사율과 의복량을 변수로 설정하여 L.C.PMV(Life-Cycle PMV)와 N.PMV(Normal PMV)의 두 가지 유형으로 구분하여 평가를 진행했다. 그 결과, 여름 및 겨울철 시점을 전후하여 한옥 공간의 PMV 증감 동향이 뚜렷했으며, 특히 대서 및 대한 시점의 PMV는 쾌적구간을 완전히 벗어난다는 시험 결과를 확인했다. 아울러 겨울철 PMV의 변화 속도가 여름철보다 더 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 신한옥의 쾌적성능 증진을 위해 단열성 개선이 우선 요인임이 도출되었으며, 설계 및 시공 단계에서 연계 검토가 요구된다.