• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2010

Space transformation of hospital architecture happens more rapidly than other types such as school and office buildings. This requirement is caused by medical demand, service transformation, technical development and equipment changes. Grand scale extension and rapid change in hospital architecture affects whole planning; therefore, it is important to design in the macro perspective such like Life Cycle. Grand scale extension is difficult process to rebuild growth and transfer of hospital architecture and to adapt to the future change. That's why simple planning gives limits to some departments in a short-term and brings another reform such as more extension or interior renovation in a long-term. This study surveys various space transformation and grand scale extension of EB hospital extended recently, and it is to find planning condition in extension.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2018

Background: Red ginseng is a popularly used traditional medicine with antiaging effects in Asian countries. The present study aimed to explore the changes in protein expression underlying the mechanisms of life span extension and antiaging caused by red ginseng extract (RGE) in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: A proteomic approach of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to identify the differential abundance of possible target proteins of RGE in D. melanogaster. The reliability of the 2-DE results was confirmed via Western blotting to measure the expression levels of selected proteins. Proteins altered at the expression level after RGE treatment (1 mg/mL) were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry and by searching against the National Center for Biotechnology nonredundant and Uniprot protein databases. The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Results: The average survival life span of D. melanogaster was significantly extended by 12.60% with RGE treatment (1 mg/mL) compared to untreated flies. This followed increased superoxide dismutase level and decreased methane dicarboxylic aldehyde content. Based on the searching strategy, 23 differentially expressed proteins were identified (16 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated) in the RGE-treated D. melanogaster. Transduction pathways were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, and included the hippo and oxidative phosphorylation pathways that play important roles in life span extension and antiaging process of D. melanogaster. Conclusion: Treatment with RGE in D. melanogaster demonstrated that mechanisms of life span extension and antiaging are regulated by multiple factors and complicated signal pathways.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.247-264
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• 1996

The objective of this study was to analyze the reality of the program development process in detail accomplished by the organizations of extension education in through the hermeneutical approach. To achieve this purpose, this study tried to find answers to the following three questions : (1) how the organization of extension education develop their programs for farmers? (2) what is the programmers' awareness to the process of program development? and what is the reason for their thought and action to do so. (3) can be discussed integrally the findings for drawing some implications? The qualitative data were mainly gathered through participation observation and unstructured interview. And the qualitative data were analyzed by (1) noting pattern and themes, (2) seeing plausibility, (3) clustering, (4) making metaphors, (5) factoring, and (6) building a logical chain of evidence which hermeneutical techniques far drawing the meaning from the gathered data. The findings of this study were as follows: The programmers of this organization carried out the developing program in the technical training division at the national level and the section of fostering farm manager at the county level for the purpose of delivering the agricultural new technology and the agricultural policy. The term used formly in this organization was `curriculum development for former', and the reality of program was `instruction profile` which signified the set of the educational manin contents. At county level, Educational planning was stressed on the implement of educational administration.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of self-volar gliding combined with a strap and wrist distraction on pain and the active and passive wrist extension range of motion (ROM) in subjects with dorsal wrist pain during partial weight bearing of the hand. Methods: Thirty subjects (14 males and 16 females) with dorsal wrist pain during partial weight bearing through the hand participated in this study. The two different self-volar gliding techniques were performed for each group. Self-volar gliding using a strap (SVGS) and SVGS and wrist distraction (SVGSD) were performed five times for one week for each group. The active and passive ROM of wrist extension and the peak pressure pushed by the hand at pain (PPHP) were measured. An independent t-test was used to compare the improvements of these elements between the two different self-volar gliding techniques. The level of statistical significance was at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: The active and passive ROM of wrist extension and PPHP were greater in both self-volar gliding groups after the one week intervention. On the other hand, these parameters were greater in the SVGSD group than in the SVGS group (p<0.05) Conclusion: SVGSD is recommended to improve the active and passive ROM of wrist extension and PPHP in subjects with dorsal wrist pain during partial weight bearing of the hand.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2012

In order to develop as a natural source of anticancer materials of Cudrania tricuspidata, the cytotoxicity of methanol extracts by harvesting parts and times against 8 cell lines including 293 (normal kidney cells) and A-431 (epidermoid carcinoma cells) were investigated using MTT assay. All harvesting parts had hardly cytotoxicity against 293. And methanol extracts of stem bark and root bark showed very high cytotoxicities against 7 cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity was the highest against HeLa (cervix adenocarcinoma cells) and followed by MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells), AGS (stomach adenocarcinoma cells), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma cells), HepG2 (hepatoblastoma cells), A549 (lung carcinoma cells) and A-431. By the way, leaf extract had a cytotoxicity against only AGS and ripe fruit extract had no cytotoxicity. Among harvesting times, the cytotoxicity of root bark were high from April to September but that of stem bark showed a little difference. These results showed that anticancer activities of Cudrania tricuspidata extracts were eventful changes by harvesting parts and times.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.147-163
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• 1994

Agricultural extension programs in Korea had focused mainly on increased production, and the biggest pride of extension was the achievement of rice self-sufficency in 1970s and abundant vegetable and animal production in 1980s. Farming in Korea has changed rapidly in recent years and extension system on commercialized crops have not been satisfactorily developed to mete farmers` demands. Facing the emerging challenges of international competition and trade liberalization for agricultural commodities, the goals of extension should be focused on increased income and the welfare of coral communities. The transfering of agricultural extension educator from central government jobs to local ones has emerged recently under the trends of localization which resulted unstable job environment of extension educator. Intensive pre-service and in-service training of extension workers on current and advanced techologies are essential to upgrade the quality of extension services, and the future directions for professional development of agricultural extension educators in Korea were suggested as follows: 1. Establishing a national network on agricultural extension system to promote exchanges of information among counties and provinces, to conduct meetings and to publish information on agricultural extension. 2. Determining the implications of recent national and global trends on agricultural extension, and strenthening communication at local, national and international levels for an effective extension system in the era of localization, internationalization and globalization; 3. Recognizing the effect of number and quality of extension staff on the impact of extension and providing opportunities development and advancement of extension personnel through education, training, incentives and rewards; 4. Giving a higher priority to agricultural extension in national policies in order to ensure the adequacy of budgetary support and recognition of importance of extension by the ministries concerned and mass communications.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.827-832
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• 2013

An attempt is made to predict the shelf life of seasoned anchovies packaged with laminated film, composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH). First, a descriptive sensory analysis is carried out to determine the principal sensory quality index in seasoned anchovies. Then, the physicochemical quality index with high correlation to the principal sensory quality index is determined accordingly. Subsequently, with the physicochemical quality index, the shelf-life is estimated by using the Arrhenius equation. As for the sensory quality index, 'color' is determined as a principal sensory quality index. For all samples stored at 3 different temperatures (25, 35, $45^{\circ}C$), it is observed that the sensory score is shown to be over 2.5 until 60 days of storage period, which is the lowest acceptable level. In addition, the b-value, as a physicochemical quality index, is determined to have a high correlation to the sensory quality index. Further, the activation energy and the Q10 value for the b-value by the Arrhenius equation is found to be 11.24 kcal/mol, 1.385~2.011, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that the shelf life of seasoned anchovies packaged with PET/EVOH film is estimated to be 279.44 days when stored at $20^{\circ}C$.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.543-548
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• 2009

Treatment for breast cancer produces side effects that diminish functional capacity and quality of life (QOL) among survivors. Tai Chi is a moderate form of exercise that may improve functional capacity, physical activity and oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of regular Tai Chi exercise on malondialdehyde (MDA), SOD and physical fitness (muscle strength, flexibility, flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction). Forty obese women were recruited from a public health center and divided into control (CON: n=20) and trained (EXP: n=20) groups. The Tai Chi exercise group participated in a 12-week (4 times/week) training program. Data were analyzed with T-test. MDA, SOD and physical fitness (muscle strength, flexibility, flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction) were evaluated before and after the Tai Chi program in both groups. There were significant improvements in shoulder flexibility, flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. However, there was no improvement in muscle strength. There were also significant improvements in MDA and SOD. Based on these results, Tai Chi exercise has been shown to stimulate endogenous antioxidant enzymes and reduce oxidative damage markers. and also be effective in improving physical fitness and QOL. Further study is needed in this area.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.273-283
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to review the rural youth programs of selected foreign countries and to draw some implications to the rural youth programs in Korea. The youth development programs reviewed were 4-H Youth Development Program of U.S.A, Rural Youth Information Service of Australia, Rural Youth Job Strategy of Canada, The Urban-Rural Youth Program of U.S.A, and Expert Consultation on Extension Rural Youth Programmes and Sustainable Development of FAO. After reviewing the rural youth programs of selected foreign countries, the authors suggested the following implications for further development of rural youth programs in Korea; 1. The target group of rural youth programs should include urban youth as well as rural youth, and the programs should be focused on enlarging their awareness of the rural community and agriculture. 2. Rural youth programs should be extended beyond agricultural sectors, such as leadership, career development, leisure activity, and cultural life. 3. We should develop some programs to support academic achievement, career development, employment, cultural needs including some strategies to prevent problematic behaviors of rural youth. 4. Rural youth should be supported more opportunities to join the community life to experience and learn various life skills through active participation such as interpersonal skill, leadership skill, and problem-solving skill.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.447-453
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• 2016

In this study, we intended to extend the life of electropolishing solution through the reduction of electric resistance by improving the electrolysis efficiency. The optimum conditions were obtained by half round bus bar and Taguchi method. As the main control factors in the electropolishing process, current density, polishing time, electrolyte temperature and flow rate were selected. The electrolyte temperature was the most significant to the electrolysis efficiency. The optimum conditions for the life extension of electropolishing solution were as follows: current density, $45A/dm^2$; polishing time, 6 min; electrolyte temperature, $70^{\circ}C$; flow rate, 11 L/min. As a results of ANOVA of SN ratios, it was found that the electrolyte temperature was significant factor at the 90% confidence level.