• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 1974

Regardless of a patient's diagnosis, the care of his skin has been a primary concern of nurses throughout the years. Nurses has washed, dried, and rubbed the skin and have changed his position so as to keep the patient's skin in good condition and to protect him from pressure sores. However, we still find many-patients suffering from the pressure sores which may take many mothers or years of treatment and cost a lot to be repaired. In view of expensive cost for treatment of the sores and low ratios of nursing staff per patient for intensive nursing care, prophylaxis of the bed sores with sufficient aids is extremely important both for patients and for nurses. Therefore, the unique purpose of this study was to determine whether sponge is good enough to treat and prevent the pressure sore as compared with gel pad and sheepskin. Sixty patients in the age range of 15 through 45 who were in unconscious status or have difficulty of mobility were chosen between January and March of 1974 at Seoul National University Hospital. They were randomly assigned to each treatment and observed on every 4th day with regard to level of consciousness, status of mobility, moisture or dryness of the bed, general skin condition, intake of nutrition, vital signs and intervals of position change in comparison with the changes of skin over the bony prominences. The study results were reviewed in a statistical method analysis of valiance-to obtain the following findings: 1. There was no significantly different changes of skin over the sanctum or the trochanter in each group using get pad, sheepskin or sponge. It means that we may substitute sponge for expensive gel pad or sheepskin. 2. There was no significant difference among mean changes of patient's skin in relation to sheepskin, gel pad and sponge. 3. There was no significant changes of patient's akin in relation to level of consciousness, status of mobility, intake of nutrition, general skin condition, temperature, blood pressure or interval of position change. 4. There were no meaningful interactions between each treatment and level of consciousness, moisture or dryness of the bed, intake of nutrition, general skin condition, temperature or blood pressure. 5. Sheepskin and gel pad had significantly better influence on patients with limited mobility than on patients with immobility, and sponge on patients with immobility on than patients with limited mobility, 6. Sheepskin and sponge had meaningfully totter influence on patients changing position at below 2-hour interval, gel pad at 2-4-hour interval, sheepskin at 4-6-hour interval, and three of them at above 6-hour interval.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.29-35
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• 2005

The present study was compared and discussed with focus on the evaluation for the Importance Level of Design Elements and the Case Study Designing with respect to Environmental-Friendly Apartment Housing. It was examined that there were some differences between the result of Importance Level and the suggested details from Case Study. From the result of Importance Level, evaluation was highly given on the planned principles regarding effective utilization of landuse, ecological principle and reflection of varities, while from the result of Case Study on the planned principles regarding health of residents and amenity. Accordingly the present development method and the fundamental understanding on Environmental -Fiendly Apartment housing should be changed on the basis of the results as above.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2024

On January 8, 2021, the Act on the Punishment of Severe Disasters passed the Legislation and Judiciary Committee and has been in effect in earnest since January 2022. However, safety accidents at construction sites are still continuing, and it is necessary to discuss ways to improve the safety awareness of construction workers. Therefore, in this study, data were collected through a survey of construction site workers, and the effect of the organizational climate of the workplace on the level of safety consciousness of workers was studied. As a result of the study, the factors of organizational structure, guaranteeing autonomy and consideration of supervisors among the organizational climate of the workplace had a positive effect on the improvement of workers' safety awareness. Based on this, this researcher suggested that workers should be delegated the authority to perform some tasks according to the situation and content of the work during the field work and that incentives should be compensated according to performance.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.105-117
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• 2007

The research was conducted based on the 1012 cases questionnaire for the purpose of to evaluate the change effect of university student's consciousness and behavior before and after lecture on environmental problems. And this questionnaires were performed with self-administered by the university student who made a application for liberal arts related to environmental subjects. The results were as follows. According to the analysis results the most students responded that the most serious problem of environmental pollution before the lecture on environmental education was a genetic modified organism(3.64/4.00), but the most serious problem of environmental pollution was changed to the topic of water pollution(3.96/4.00) after the lecture on environmental problem. And also according to the analysis results dributed by gender were that boy students show a higher concerning(170%) than that of girl students(150%). The most good results obtained after lecture on environmental problem were water pollution(23.0%), air pollution(11.5%), waste material pollution(10.9%), food additives (10.0%), genetic modified organism(8.0%), endocrine disrupter(7.5%), respectively. And according to the analysis results distributed by a grade were that the concerning of a low grade(freshman, sophomore)were higher than that of a high grade(junior, senior) in the topic of water pollution, air pollution, waste material pollution. But there were high level of awareness on the topic of food additives, genetic modified organism, endocrine disrupter to the all students(freshman to senior). And according to the analysis results distributed by a major field of study were that students who major in art & athletics, liberal art and etc(public health) were show a deep concerning than that of science & engineering. Finally, the environmental education during the university class were effectively contribute to increase the awareness of the seriousness of environmental pollution problem(8.2%) and also contribute to the practical life after class also increase their consciousness of environmental problem(59.8%).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.19-31
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• 2021

The Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries has been promoting the 'Fishing Village Specialization Capacity Enhancement Project' to pursue sustainable development of villages such as income generation by using local tangible and intangible resources led by local residents at the village level since 2013. For the fishing village-Specialization capacity enhancement project, six training sessions (mainly in the village unit) are selected by the public offering method, and the project (income generating business, village development project, etc.) is developed for the selected village residents. It has a process of establishing a village project plan (a preliminary plan for village development or a sixth preliminary industrialization plan) based on the training of experts 5 times, practice or excursion 1 time). In this study, four villages in Gangwon-do fishing villages (two coastal villages and two inland water villages) were surveyed on the perception and satisfaction of fishing village development projects before and after training. The survey analysis was conducted by dividing the analysis of resident capacity and satisfaction into personal, interpersonal, and social dimensions. The survey was conducted by distributing a survey before and after training, and a 1:1 survey was conducted according to the residents' cognitive status. Based on the survey, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and analysis using the corresponding sample t-test showed an increase of 0.02 for Yangyang Mulchi fishing village, 0.11 for Samcheok Jangho fishing village, and 0.36 for Hongcheon River fishing industry, but Yanggu Jinmok fishing industry was -0.29, unlike other regions. As a result of this analysis, it has been empirically proven that provision of training projects through resident participation is a very important factor for the success of the fishing village project. Therefore, rather than fostering local leaders, training and community activities to strengthen personal capacities of residents participating in the project, it is necessary to operate the software business with a focus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.35-46
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• 1999

For the purpose of building up the future direction for the development and usage of Anmyundo, this paper is intended to collect the basic sources of Anmyundo and to analyze the consciousness of its development direction, which was surveyed on local residents and visitors. The result shows that local residents are not fully satisfied with its environment(59.6 point), but natural environment(74.2 point) turns out the most influential factor of satisfaction and living environment(66.0 point), social economic environment(48.1 point) follow the next. Satisfied with its natural environment which includes good scenery and a lot of environment resources, residents and visitors are discontented with living environment and social economic environment. In terms of "development" and "conservation", the responses of residents are clearly divided into both sides in the same level by each 27.7%. On the other hand, visitors support "conservation"(36.8%) rather than "development"(22.8%) and prefer to keep its present natural environment as a environment study place and rest area.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.125-132
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• 2007

This study examines and analyzes residential environment and consciousness of downtown residents in Naju city and its results are as follows. Naju's population or urban population were decreased by half for 25 years, but area of residential regions was increased twice. It indicates that major parts of increased residence area are occupied by housing site development area. Uses of downtown buildings are for residential building mostly, but commercial building is less than 1/3 and story of buildings is mostly the first floor. So downtown area in Naju has residential function mostly and family composition is over sixties in more than half of population and regional aging is remarkable because household over majority of the population has no family under twenties. Downtown areas showed detached house and their own house in 2/3 of population and residents over majority of population have lived in current house over 20 years and had strong settlement. But housing site area is less than 40 pyeong at 3/2 of population and 2/3 of population have not parking lot. Most of population have dissatisfaction with their residential environment and for solving their dissatisfaction, improvement of poor residential environment, road extension and construction of parking lot are needed most. Most of residents consider that improvement of residential environment or economic level is normal or developed a little compared to five years ago, but when such a dissatisfaction is solved, they continue to live in their area.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.69-91
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• 2014

This study aims to examine the patterns of middle-aged parents' intergenerational support exchange with their adult children and its effects on the happiness of the parents. The sample consisted of 765 middle-aged parents selected from the National Survey of Korean Families by the Ministry of Equality and Family in 2010. The results were as follows. First, intergenerational support exchange between parents and their adult children was categorized into four groups depending on the provider of support: parents who exchanged no support with their children, parents who only received support from their children, parents who only provided support to their children, and parents who exchanged support with their children. Second, parents who exchanged no support with their children were high in instrumental support and those who both provided and received support were high in emotional support. Third, consciousness of their children significantly affected the satisfaction level of their relationship with their children. The more the parents emphasize on the growth of their children, the more they were satisfied. Parents in the support exchange group were more satisfied when they received economic support from their children. With regard to instrumental and emotional support, parents were more satisfied when they provided support to or mutually exchanged support with their children. Forth, subjective health conditions, consciousness of their children, and household's income more significantly affected the happiness of middle-aged parents than the patterns of intergenerational support exchange. With regard to economic support, parents who only received support from their children were less happy than the other groups. With regard to instrumental support, parents who exchanged no support with their children were happier than the other groups. With regard to emotional support, parents who provided support to their children were happier than the other groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2018

The improvement of safety and health education method in construction site was investigated through the survey for workers and delphi technique. The results of preliminary survey done for workers were analyzed using the multi variance analyses, and the questionnaires for delphi survey were composed based on the results of preliminary survey. Finally, the participatory safety and health education method was suggested. The result showed that most of workers were very interested in accident prevention and health. On the contrary, they did not actively participate in safety activities in sites including safety and health education. In order to improve workers' levels of safety consciousness and prevent the construction accident, the participatory safety and health education method that construction workers directly examine and give presentations about accident causes and measures was suggested and verified by tests. One-way instructor-led safety and health education used widely and participatory safety and health education with workers were carried out by dividing participants into two groups. After education, the examination is done for two groups. The test results found that the average score of safety consciousness of the worker group that received participatory safety education was higher than that of the work group that received instructor-led safety education. And the Delphi technique utilizing experts was analyzed that participatory safety education has a great effect on improvement of workers' level of safety consciousness.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.57-69
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate systematic and comprehensive explanation about safety behavior by applying integrated model of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). By showing the interrelationship of effects of factors affecting safety behavior in a single model, comprehensive understanding regarding safety behavior will be possible. Research design, data, and methodology: This study try to integrate the two theory, TPB and SCT, to introduce background factors, such as safety culture, affecting cognitive factors of subjective norm, safety attitude, perceived behavioral control, safety consciousness, which are again affecting behavior intention of the TPB. We composed 73 questionnaire to analyse the relationship among factors affecting safety behavior. The questionnaire were distributed to stewards and stewardesses of KAL, ASIANA, and LCCs. 422 were collected and used for analysis. Factor analysis, regression analysis, and control effect analysis were conducted using SPSS windows version 2.0. Results: The safety culture, safety atmosphere, and safety education/training were turned out to affect subjective norm, safety attitude, perceived behavioral control, safety consciousness. And the cognitive factors also showed to affect safety intention significantly. The results that safety intention affects safety behavior was found. Also there are control effect of cost consciousness and punishment while safety intention affects safety behavior. Conclusions: Safety is the virtue that should be given first priority to in our daily life. To secure safety, everyone in an organization should have high level of safety intention and conduct safety behavior. The study results provide systematic and comprehensive understandings on the relationship among factors affecting cabin crews' safety behavior. The results will help design safety related regulations, education/training, and support employees to engage in safety behavior related activities.