• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.455-461
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• 2016

Galectins are ${\beta}$-galactoside binding lectins that contain one or more carbohydrate recognition domains. As a consequence of sugar-binding properties, galectins exhibit a variety of interactions with glycoproteins, thus playing important roles in various pathological processes. A number of studies have shown roles of galectins in cancer. Galectin-7 is a prototype member of the galectin family implicated in epithelial stratification and cell migration. It can act as a potent dual regulator in different types of cancer. Galectin-7 may contribute either to neoplastic transformation and tumour progression through regulation of cell growth, cell cycle, angiogenesis, apoptosis and cell migration or may have a protective effect in cancer depending on the tissue type. A perusal of the literature indicates particular roles of galectin-7 in carcinomas and melanomas, while contributions await greater exploration in other types of cancers including sarcomas and leukemia. This review collectively summarizes available literature on expression and roles of galectin-7 in different cancers.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 1998

The present study investigated the antitumor activity of the aqueous-alcoholic extracts from unripe cotton balls of Gossypium indicum. An Exposure of murine B16 melanoma and L1210 lymphoma cells to the extracts resulted in their severe deaths in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Of the extracts, hydrophilic fractions were most efficacious for the antitumor activity and found to contain certain amounts of catechin and its derivatives. The hydrophilic extract fraction C36B2-8 had approximately 10 times more cytotoxic effects on B12 and L1210 cells than on isolated murine thymocytes. High concentrations (>150 $\mu$g/ml) of C 36B3-8 mainly induced necrotic cell death. At low concentrations (<100 $\mu$g/ml), however, C 36B3-8 induced not only necrosis but also apoptosis of the two tumor cell lines, which was proved by the TUNEL staining and DNA fragmentation techniques. The data indicate that certain ingredients of the cotton ball extract of G. indicum have an antitumor activity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5945-5950
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• 2015

A 6-year retrospective cohort study was conducted among Thai hematologic malignancy (HM) patients receiving intensive chemotherapy. Of the 145 eligible patients receiving 893 chemotherapy sessions, 46.9% were female, median age was 52 years, and the most common HM diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (46.2%). Febrile neutropenia (FN) occurred in 14.9% of chemotherapy sessions with an incidence of 24.8 per 1,000 chemotherapy cycles per year. Independent factors associated with FN were receiving the first chemotherapy cycle [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 4.1], having hemoglobin ${\leq}100g/L$ (aHR 3.7) and platelet ${\leq}140,000/{\mu}L$ (aHR 2.7) on chemotherapy day and receiving acute myeloid leukemia regimens (aHR 20.8). Granulocyte colony stimulating factor was significantly associated with reduced rate of FN when given in those receiving CHOP regimen. With the median follow-up time of 16 months, the overall survival time was significantly longer in patients without FN than those with FN (61.7 vs. 20.8 months; p<0.001).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.6099-6101
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• 2014

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze variability and clinical significance of serum ferritin levels in Chinese patients with hematologic malignancies. Materials and Methods: Serum ferritin were measured by radioimmunoassay, using a kit produced by the Beijing Institute of Atomic Energy. Patients with hematologic malignancies, and treated in the Department of Hematology in Nanjing First Hospital and fulfilled study criteria were recruited. Results: Of 473 patients with hematologic malignancies, 262 patients were diagnosed with acute leukemia, 131 with lymphoma and 80 with multiple myeloma. Serum ferritin levels of newly diagnosed and recurrent patients were significantly higher than those entering complete remission stage or in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: Serum ferritin lever in patients with hematologic malignancies at early stage and recurrent stage are significantly increased, so that detection and surveillance of changes of serum ferritin could be helpful in assessing conditions and prognosis of this patient cohort.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.483-487
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• 1993

From July 1990 to August 1992,78 Hickman catheters and 22 chemoports were inserted in 98 patients for chemotherapy.We analyzed the clinical data of these patients. The results were as follows: 1]Mean age of patients was 42.8$\pm$1.6[SE] years 2]Male to female ratio was 1.09:1 3]The diseases of the cases were leukemia[66] ,lymphoma[8], stomach cancer[8],uterine cervix cancer[5],ovarian cancer[4],lung cancer[3],aplastic anemia[2],maxillary gland cancer[1],pancreas cancer[1],malignant mesothelioma[1] and multiple myeloma[1] 4]Mean values of preoperative WBC counts,platelet counts,PT and APTT were 31,500$\pm$ 8,132[SE]/mm,104,000$\pm$ 12,200 [SE]/mm,82$\pm$ 1.9[SE]% and 32$\pm$ 0.8[SE] sec,respectively. 5]The average duration of catheter uses was 121.7$\pm$ 17.3[SE]days. 6]The complications were subcutaneous tunnel bleeding or hematoma[2],exit site or subcutaneous tunnel infection[2] and catheter related septicemia[1]. 7]The causes of catheter removal were patient`s death or hopeless discharge[22],completion of treatment[6],subcutaneus hematoma or bleeding[2],exit site or subcutaneous tunnel infection[2] and catheter related septicemia[1].So,we concluded that Hickman catheter and chemoport were useful vascular access for chemotherapy in patients with malignant diseases, with low rate of complication and longterm duration.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 1998

Hypericin, a photosensitizing plant pigment, was found to be a potent inducer of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia U-937 cells. At a concentration of $0.2{\mu}M$, hypericin exhibited 50% growth inhibition. An effect on cell differentiation by hypericin was assessed by its ability to induce phagocytosis of latex particles, and to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT). Approximately 51% of $0.2{\mu}M$ hypericin-treated cells were stained with NBT and 63% showed phagocytic activity. In order to establish whether hypericin induces differentiation of U-937 cells to macrophage or granulocyte, esterase activities and cell sizes were measured. When U-937 cells were treated with $0.2{\mu}M$ and $0.15{\mu}M$ of hypericin, the .alpha.-naphthyl acetate esterase activity was increased by 38.4% and 48.1%, respectively, but naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase activity was not influenced. The size of hypericin-treated cells in terms of cell mass was larger than that observed in untreated cells as determined by flow cytometry. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, NA-382, decreased the NBT reducing activity of hypericin, whereas a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H-89, did not show any influence on the differentiations. These results indicate that hypericin triggers differentiation toward monocyte/macrophage lineage by PKC stimulation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.624-626
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• 2006

Four known butenolides were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of the culture broth of the marine-derived bacterium, Streptoverticillium luteoverticillatum, by bioassay-guided fractionation. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data. The absolute configuration of compound (1) was determined by CD spectrum for the first time. Compounds 1-4 showed in vitro cytotoxicity against the murine lymphoma P388 and human leukemia K562 cell lines. This is the first report on the isolation of butenolides from the marine bacterium, Streptoverticillium luteoverticillatum, and their cytotoxic activities.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.711-714
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• 1997

In an effort to enhance the lipophilicities, thereby, the penetration into the cell membrane and to increase the antitumor activities of modified derivatives of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (d4T, 1), derivatives of 1 were designed and synthesized. Starting from thymidine, 1, 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine-5'-phosphate, disodium salt (d4T-p, 7), and two nicotinate esters of 1; 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-5'-O-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)thymidine (d4T-NA, 5) and 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-5'-phosphoryl-O-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)thymidine (d4T-p-NA, 8) were synthesized. The lipophilicities of the synthesized compounds were measured by P-values and antitumor activities of those were estimated against mouse leukemia P388, murine mammary carcinoma FM3A, and human histiocytic lymphoma U937 tumor cells in vitro. Although the lipophilicities of the nicotinate esters, 5 and 8 were increased 2.75- and 9.71-fold relative to that of 1 and 7, respectively, the synthesized compounds, 1, 5, 7, and 8 were found to be inactive against P388 and FM3A cells except weak antitumor activity against U937 cell.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.380-388
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• 2022

The B cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) and BTG2 play a key role in a wide range of cellular activities including proliferation, apoptosis, and cell growth via modulating a variety of central biological steps such as transcription, post-transcriptional, and translation. BTG1 and BTG2 have been identified by genomic profiling of B-cell leukemia and diverse lymphoma types where both genes are commonly mutated, implying that they serve as tumor suppressors. Furthermore, a low expression level of BTG1 or BTG2 in solid tumors is frequently associated with malignant progression and poor treatment outcomes. As physiological aspects, BTG1 and BTG2 have been discovered to play a critical function in regulating quiescence in hematopoietic lineage such as Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and naive and memory T cells, highlighting their novel role in maintaining the quiescent state. Taken together, emerging evidence from the recent studies suggests that BTG1 and BTG2 play a central anti-proliferative role in various tissues and cells, indicating their potential as targets for innovative therapeutics.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.96-112
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• 1991

Attempts were made to see the antitumor effects of Sigbunhwan widely used in Oh-jug(五積) employing tumor cells Lines such as K562 derived from erythroleukemia, Raji from lympoma and MO-4 from blastogenic tumor. Different concentrations of Sigbunhwan and combined therapy of Sigbunhwan and Bigihwan were treated to those tumor cells lines and then live cells were counted by Trypan blue assay and $^{3}H-Thymidine$ uptake assay. The results obtained were as follows. 1. $^{3}H-Thymidine$ uptake of various tumor cells lines when treated with high concentrations of Sigbunhwan for 48hours showed that the rate of DNA synthesis decreased 76% to 90% by the treatment of 1% Sigbunhwan but this inhibition was rather decreased when Sigbunhwan concentration was increased to 10, 15 and 20%.(Fig 3) 2. When Sigbunhwan was combined with Bigihwan which was also an antitumor drug, the effectiveness of tumor cells dealth was somewhat inceased showing a generally similar pattern to that of Bigihwan alone used.(Fig 4) This combination therapy also showed that higher concentrations of antitumor agent were no more·effective or rather harmful according to the tumor cells lines having different growth rate.(Fig 5,6) 3. The antitumor effects of combined Sigbunhwan and Bigihwan was decreased if the concentrations of this combination therapy was increased to 10 times showing relatively sluggish decrease in K562 and MO-4 but a sharp inhibitory effect in Raji which grows slowly.(Fig 7). 4. When Sigbunhwan was treated at low concentrations, K562 was more inhibited by 0.75% to 1.0% of Sigbunhwan while Raji was more inhibited by 0.25% to 0.5% of that.(Fig 8) 5. When Sigbunhwan was treated together with Bigihwan at low concentrations, the tumor cells death rate was 75% to 89% in Baji, 31% to 95% in MO-4 and 41 to 89% in K562, showing this combination therapy was more effect to Raji derived from lymphoma.(Fig 9) 6. The number of live tumor cells was correlated with optical density of MTT assay when measured with 2% Sigbunhwan treatment to tumor cells lines for 24 hours.(Fig 10) 7. 7 days treatment of 0.25% Sigbunhwan was compared with one day treatment of 1% suggesting long term treatment more effective.(Fig 11)