• Title/Summary/Keyword: Length of sample

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Life Comparision of 2$\frac{1}{2}$ Ton Truck Considering The Operation Terrains (운행지형형태에 따른 2$\frac{1}{2}$톤 트럭의 수명비교)

  • Kim Jang-Hyeon;Ha Seok-Tae
    • Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 1990
  • The life of an equipment depends upon its operating characteristics and physical environment factors. This paper presents the economic life length of 2 1/2 ton truck considering the operation terrains. For this specific research, the operation terrains are categorized into seacoast area, mountain area and plain area. To compute the life length, the method of equivalent annual cost is employed. The sample vehicles from each corresponding area are randomly selected from those vehicles whose ages exceed 9 years. This research finds the following results : (1) The life length operated at seacoast area is 9.75 years, (2) The life length operated at mountain area is 11.25 years, (3) The life length operated at plain area is 14 years. This research argues that the key factor such as characteristics of operating enviroment for allocation of operating and maintaining cost should be considered.

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A dropper length calculation method of the elevating span in overlap area (무효 인상 경간에서 드로퍼 길이 계산 기법)

  • Kwon, Sam-Young;Lee, Ki-Won;Cho, Yong-Hyeon
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2011.10a
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    • pp.1503-1510
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    • 2011
  • The dropper length calculation method about the normal same encumbrance spans is well known independent to whether the pre-sag is given or not. But, the dropper length calculation method for the elevating span which consists in the end area of a tensioning section and normally consists with overlaps is not well known. In this study, firstly, we investigate the dropper length calculation method about the elevating span whether the insulator is contained in or not, we also recognize the effect of dropper length due to the change of the take-off point. Secondly, we very this calculation method with a catenary sample data and check again with Gyeongbu HSL design data.

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Influences of the Plant Growth under Beta-Rays Irradiation at Low Dose (저 선량 베타선의 조사에 의한 식물의 생장에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Byung-Koo;Im, In-Chul;Kim, Jong-Eon
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.143-148
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    • 2010
  • This study is to analyze effects of the growth of Chunhyang Young Radish (CYR) and Altari Radish (AR) according to the exposure for 31 days at low dose ${\beta}$-rays. This test has one contrast sample and eleven test samples each as to AR and CYR. The seeds from contrast and test sample were planted in the culture soil after 8 seeds were chosen from each with identical condition. The accumulated dose of test samples has been measured at consistent time on a daily basis for 31 days. The growing process and germination have been measured twice at consistent time in each week. The number of leaves, length of first leave and weight have been acquired average value by measuring for 20 and 25 days, respectively after being planted. The result of test sample in case of 25 days shows that 5% increase in length and 36% increase in weight for AR each at accumulated dose 0.01 Gy compared to the contrast sample. And the length of CYR has increased by 13~17% and 1% at accumulated dose 0.01~0.08 Gy and 0.3 Gy compared to the contrast sample. For the weight at accumulated dose 0.05 Gy and 0.23 Gy has increased by 36% and 2% compared to contrast sample. As to the number of leaves, AR has increased by 0~50% at accumulated dose 0.01-0.32 Gy compared to contrast sample. It also shows that the CYR has increased to 0~67% at accumulated dose 0.01-0.62 Gy compared to contrast sample. As a result of this study, it indicates that both AR and CYR has generally increased in their length, weight, and the number of leaves at low level accumulated dose part 0.01~0.2 Gy. The size of cell, area of nucleus and density of cell for test sample has been observed quite similar to the ones from contrast sample through microscope. In conclusion, AR and CYR irradiated by ${\beta}$-rays have estimated that they are achieved a rapid growth at low level accumulated dose region corresponding to its radiation hormesis theory. Further studies need to confirm the correlation between the radiation hormesis and the growth of the plants.

A Study on the Analysis and Minimization of Structural Error in Weft Knitting - Using Cotton Yarn - (위편성물의 설계 오차값 분석에 관한 연구 - 면사를 사용하여 -)

  • Kwon, Jin;Kwon, Myoung-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.57 no.5 s.114
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze and minimize structural error between sample knitting and actual knitting in weft knitting apparel. Basic stitches used in this study were plain stitch, $0{\times}0$ rib stitch, $1{\times}1$ rib stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, Milan rib stitch. They were knitted into two different gauges(7 and 12 gauge) and 6 different sample sizes by computer program. The weight, length and width of these 5 basic knitting stitches were measured and their changes according to gauge, stitch and knitting were calculated and analyzed. The results were as follows; The weight of $0{\times}0$ rib stitch was the largest, followed by Milan rib stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, plain stitch and $1{\times}1$ rib stitch. As the density of stitch per unit area increases, the weight increases. The length of $0{\times}0$ rib stitch was the largest, followed by plain stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, $1{\times}1$ rib stitch and Milan stitch in both 7 and 12 gauge. As the number of course increases, the length increases accordingly. However, its increase ratio shows higher than that of number of course. It means that the reduction in number of course is needed to get aimed length. The width of Milan rib stitch was the largest, followed by $0{\times}0$ rib stitch, plain stitch, $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, $1{\times}1$ rib stitch in 7 gauge. In 12 gauge, Milan stitch, plain stitch and $0{\times}0$ rib stitch were the highest, followed by $2{\times}2$ rib stitch and $1{\times}1$ rib stitch. It showed that the change in shape of stitch influenced on the width more than the length of stitch.

Real-time Localization of An UGV based on Uniform Arc Length Sampling of A 360 Degree Range Sensor (전방향 거리 센서의 균일 원호길이 샘플링을 이용한 무인 이동차량의 실시간 위치 추정)

  • Park, Soon-Yong;Choi, Sung-In
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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    • v.48 no.6
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    • pp.114-122
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    • 2011
  • We propose an automatic localization technique based on Uniform Arc Length Sampling (UALS) of 360 degree range sensor data. The proposed method samples 3D points from dense a point-cloud which is acquired by the sensor, registers the sampled points to a digital surface model(DSM) in real-time, and determines the location of an Unmanned Ground Vehicle(UGV). To reduce the sampling and registration time of a sequence of dense range data, 3D range points are sampled uniformly in terms of ground sample distance. Using the proposed method, we can reduce the number of 3D points while maintaining their uniformity over range data. We compare the registration speed and accuracy of the proposed method with a conventional sample method. Through several experiments by changing the number of sampling points, we analyze the speed and accuracy of the proposed method.

The Effects of Grain Boundary Structures on Mechanical Properties in Nanocrystalline Al Alloy

  • Jin Man Jang;Wonsik Lee;Se-Hyun Ko
    • Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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    • v.66 no.4
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    • pp.971-975
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    • 2021
  • This study investigates the effects of grain boundary structures on mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Al-0.7Mg-1.0Cu alloy using nanoindentation system. Grain boundary structure transforms to high angle grain boundaries from low angle ones with increase of heat treatment temperature and the transformation temperature is about 400℃. Young's modulus and hardness are higher in sample with low angle grain boundaries, while creep length is larger in sample with high angle ones. These results indicate that progress of plastic deformation at room temperature is more difficult in sample with low angle ones. During compression test at 200℃, strain softening occurs in all samples. However, yield strength in sample with low angle grain boundaries is higher twice than that with high angle ones due to higher activation energy for grain boundary sliding.

A Study on the Basic Skirt using a 3D Sample Module - For Plus-sized Women - (3D Sample Module을 활용한 스커트 원형 연구 -Plus-size 여성을 중심으로-)

  • Sung, Ok-Jin;Ha, Hee-Jung
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.271-285
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to develop a new basic skirt pattern for 4 lower body types of Plus-sized women. To reduce a time and economic loss about putting it on, This study applied a 3D sample module in the course to develop a basic skirt pattern which is fit, functional and beautiful. A data analysis used the SPSS 11.0 statistics program. To verify the difference, This study used the variance analysis and Duncan's test for the postmortem verification. The result was as follows. To reflect a feature according to an abdomen projection and hip projection, we added the maximum hip circumference to the waist circumference and hip circumference for necessary for a skirt draft item. The front hip circumference sets to the H/4+1cm(ease)+D/4. The back hip circumference set to the H/4+0.5cm(ease)+D/4. The D is the hip circumference in the maximum hip circumference to subtract. The front waist circumference sets to the W/4+0.5cm(ease)+0.5cm(A front and back's difference)+D/4. The back waist circumference sets to the W/4+0.5cm(ease)-0.5cm(A front and back's difference)-D/4. Compare with 4 lower body types of Plus-sized Women, A type 2 and type 4 abdomen projections are bigger. We raised a front waistline of skirt pattern to a 0.3cm upside, and take about 1.3cm down the skirt length from a developed skirt pattern. Consequently, the appearance of a front skirt length was improved with a side skirt length.

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Rationale of the Maximum Entropy Probability Density

  • Park, B. S.
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.87-106
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    • 1984
  • It ${X_t}$ is a sequence of independent identically distributed normal random variables, then the conditional probability density of $X_1, X_2, \cdots, X_n$ given the first p+1 sample autocovariances converges to the maximum entropy probability density satisfying the corresponding covariance constraints as the length of the sample sequence tends to infinity. This establishes that the maximum entropy probability density and the associated Gaussian autoregressive process arise naturally as the answers of conditional limit problems.

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Determination of Complex Permittivity and Permeability by a Gradient Matrix Method (구배행렬법에 의한 복소 유전율 및 투자율의 결정)

  • 전중창;박위상
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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    • v.29A no.11
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    • pp.14-18
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    • 1992
  • A gradient matrix method in conjunction with the transmission-reflection method to determine the complex permittivity and permeability of a microwave material is presented. This method does not incur the phase ambiguity due to an improper sample length, and is applicable to the measurement of low-loss materials of a half wavelength. A gradient matrix for a coaxial cable sample is derived, and the results are illustrated.

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A Heuristic Approach for Approximating the ARL of the CUSUM Chart

  • Kim, Byung-Chun;Park, Chang-Soon;Park, Young-Hee;Lee, Jae-Heon
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.89-102
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    • 1994
  • A new method for approximating the average run length (ARL) of cumulative sum (CUSUM) chart is proposed. This method uses the conditional expectation for the test statistic before the stopping time and its asymptotic conditional density function. The values obtained by this method are compared with some other methods in normal and exponential case.

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