• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.429-445
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide ideas for the development of bag design by analyzing the expression types and aesthetic formativeness of modern bag design using tassels and fringe given the newtro trend pursuing analog sensitivity in modern society. The methods and scope of this study are as follows. First, the related literature and internet data were reviewed in order to examine the expression types and characteristics of the bags of the West and East. Next, the definition and characteristics of tassel and fringe decoration in terms of the history of clothing were analyzed. Finally, the expression types and aesthetic formativeness of tassels and fringe were derived through the analysis of modern bag design shown in the fashion collections since 2010. The bags decorated with the tassels and fringe bring a variety of visual effects depending on the attachment position, direction and material composition, concentrating the gaze and radiating original style. In this study, the expression of tassels and fringe in modern bag design was classified into three types: surface decoration, shape variability, and object combination. Next, the aesthetic formativeness of modern bag design using tassels and fringe as decorative elements appeared through the mixture of heterogeneous materials and playfulness through imagination, exaggeration through extension of length and volume, and retro characteristics through reinterpretation of tradition. This study is expected to contribute to creative ideas of modern bag design which requires a global sense, which has been used in various cultures for a long time.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.251-262
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• 1994

The speed of vertical migration and the volume backscattering strength of the scattering layers during the evening and morning transitions between day and night were measured in November 1990-1992 in thermally stratified waters of the East China Sea. Acoustical measurements were carried out using a scientific echo-sounder operating at t재 frequencies of 25 and 100kHz, and using an echo-integration system connected with a micro-computer. Biological sampling was accomplished by bottom trawling to identify fish species recorded on the echo sounder, and the species and length compositions were determined. The values of scattering strength were allocated to group of fishes according to the fish traces on the echo recording paper and the species composition of trawl catches. The vertical velocities of migration derived from the changes in the depths and the values of peak scattering strength of the dense layer vertically migrating toward the bottom or toward the surface. The trawl data suggest that snailfish and fishing frog were the most abundant fishes in all research stations. As sunrise approached, the fish formed a strong concentration just above the thermocline. The the highest values of scattering strength in the entire water column appeared in the depth strata above the thermocline just before the begining of downward migration. As soon as the fish began to migrate downwards across the thermocline, the values of the scattering strength in the depth strata above the thermocline rapidly decreased, while the values for the scattering layer moving slowly toward the bottom gradually increased. During the 1992 surveys, the speed of the vertical migration was estimated to be 0.38m/min in the upward migration and 0.32m/min in the downward migration, respectively. That is the rate of vertical migration was slightly higher at dusk than at dawn. Similar migration patterns were observed on different stations and under different weather conditions during the surveys in 1990.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.425-437
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Different fatty acids exert different health benefits. This study investigated the potential protective effects of perilla, olive, and safflower oils on high-fat diet-induced obesity and colon inflammation. MATERIALS/METHODS: Five-week old, C57BL/6J mice were assigned to 5 groups: low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD) and high-fat diet supplemented with-perilla oil (HPO), olive oil (HOO), and safflower oil (HSO). After 16 weeks of the experimental period, the mice were sacrificed, and blood and tissues were collected. The serum was analyzed for obesity- and inflammation-related biomarkers. Gene expression of the biomarkers in the liver, adipose tissue, and colon tissue was analyzed. Micro-computed tomography (CT) analysis was performed one week before sacrifice. RESULTS: Treatment with all the three oils significantly improved obesity-induced increases in body weight, liver weight, and epididymal fat weight as well as serum triglyceride and leptin levels. Treatment with perilla oil (PO) and safflower oil (SO) increased adiponectin levels. The micro-CT analysis revealed that PO and SO reduced abdominal fat volume considerably. The mRNA expression of lipogenic genes was reduced in all the three oilsupplemented groups and PO upregulated lipid oxidation in the liver. Supplementation of oils improved macroscopic score, increased colon length, and decreased serum endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokine levels in the colon. The abundance of Bifidobacteria was increased and that of Enterobacteriaceae was reduced in the PO-supplemented group. All three oils reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels, as indicated by the mRNA expression. In addition, PO increased the expression of tight junction proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data indicate that the three oils exert similar anti-obesity effects. Interestingly, compared with olive oil and SO, PO provides better protection against high-fat diet-induced colon inflammation, suggesting that PO consumption helps manage inflammation-related diseases and provides omega-3 fatty acids needed by the body.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2020

Background: Dried tuberous roots of Cynanchum wilfordii are known to relieve menopause symptoms. However, the dried roots of C. wilfordii are morphologically similar to those of C. auriculatum, which makes it difficult to distinguish when used as a medicine. Various comparative studies have focused on chemical or molecular analysis of these roots. However, the differences between the two species at the cytogenetic level based on chromosome structure and composition remain to be elucidated. Methods and Results: For chromosome slides, the roots were fixed in 8-hydroxyquinoline, digested with enzyme mixture, and spread on slides. 5S and 45S rDNA were used as cytogenetic markers for the analysis of nuclear genomes by FISH. The chromosome number of the two species was 2n = 22, with a relatively short length, 1.13 ㎛ - 4.24 ㎛ and 1.00 ㎛ - 3.42 ㎛ with respect to each other. Both species represent one pair of 5S and 45S rDNA signal on chromosome 1, at the proximal region and peri-centromeric region, respectively. Conclusions: These preliminary cytogenetic data using FISH in C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum could be valuable for the comprehension of Cynanchum genome history.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.3056-3068
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 문서 화상에 비트를 합성하는 방법으로 RDM 알고리즘을 제안한 후 이를 이용하여 FAX 문서에 직접 서명을 실행하는 디지틀 서명 방식을 제안한다. 본 알고리즘은 비트를 합성하기 위해 기주사된 복수개의 참조 주사선중 키에 의해 선택된 주사선의 변화화소와 부호화 주사선의 변화화소의 거리의 우기성과 부호화 주사선의 부호장의 우기성을 이용하여 합성 비트열에 따라 거리와 부호장을 신축조작하는 방법으로 한 번에 2 비트씩 합성을 실행한다. 이는 앞서 제시한 방식에 비해 서명의 확산이 가능하므로 부분 서명에 의해 문서 전체에 대한 서명이 구현되어 서명 속도가 개선되며 합성 전제조건의 제거로 합성 가능량이 증가한다. 또한 제안하는 디지틀 서명구조에 의해 디지틀 서명의 제 3조건인 송신자 부인 봉쇄를 구현한다. 디지틀 서명된 송신 문서는 원 문서와 시각적으로 구분이 어려워 제 3자에게는 통상의 문서교환으로 인식될 것이다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2014

This study was carried out to review the pattern of forest stand development for six Gangwondo Baekdudaegan Mountains which experienced different type and duration of intensive legal protection. Vegetation data from point sampling method were employed to classify community types by cluster analysis on the basis of the importance values of canopy tree species for the study areas. The names of classified communities were given by the composition of dominant tree species. The communities were also compared one another in terms of stand structure by species diversity index. The results indicated that National Parks (Seoraksan and Odaesan) had greater proportion of mixed mesophytic forest type which was supposed to progress further forest succession process so as to have more complex and diversified stand structure. On the other hand, ordinary forest areas (Seokbyeongsan and Deokhangsan) had greater proportion of the forest types which was dominatively composed of Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora. The forest types with large amount of these two species would tend to develop for relatively short period of time of 40-50 years after artificial disturbances. Hyangnobong of Natural Protection Area and Hambaeksan of Natural Ecosystem Conservation Area showed intermediate stand development pattern in between National Parks and ordinary forest areas. The period of intensive legal protection of the forest area was positively correlated with species diversity index (R=0.736), and noted that the forest which received intensive protection regulation for longer period tended to show more complex and diversified stand structure.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.224-236
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• 2020

In this study, the 4th (1997) and 6th (2013) direct measurements of Size Korea compared the changing shape of women between the ages of 12 and 18. Comparing the items of height and length, the height and shoulder height were significantly reduced, the waist height was not significantly different, and the height of the upper hip was significantly increased, resulting in a smaller upper torso ratio and a higher lower torso rate. The width and thickness associated with human obesity, the circumference items and obesity levels often increased significantly with the change of the times, indicating that the overall body size was increased and that the chest area was changed to a cylindrical shape with changes in the breast equilibrium. Comparing agespecific measurements with graphs analyzing the trend of change in growth, the results showed that the change in 1997 was minimal since age 14; however, a continuous increase was achieved in 2013 that corresponded to the age at which growth is complete. The results of these studies are expected to be used as basic data to predict pattern design, body implementation, and trends in shape changes for young women.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2022

The two complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Paedocypris progenetica, the smallest fish in the world which belonged to the Cyprinidae family, were sequenced and assembled. The circular DNA molecules of mitogenomes P1-P. progenetica and S3-P. progenetica were 16,827 and 16,616 bp in length, respectively, and encoded 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region. The gene arrangements of P. progenetica were identical to those of other Paedocypris species. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses revealed variations in the mitogenome sequences of two Paedocypris species from Perak and Selangor. The circular DNA molecule of P. progenetica yield a standard vertebrate gene arrangement and an overall nucleotide composition of A 33.0%, T 27.2%, C 23.5%, and G 15.5%. The overall AT content of this species was consistent with that of other species in other genera. The negative GC-skew and positive AT-skew of the control region in P. progenetica indicated rich genetic variability and AT nucleotide bias, respectively. The results of this study provide genomic variation information and enhance the understanding of the mitogenome of P. progenetica. They could later deliver highly valuable new insight into data for phylogenetic analysis and population genetics.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.931-944
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• 2016

본 연구는 한우의 성별 발육성적, 혈액성상 및 도체특성을 비교하고자 수행되었다. 처리구는 12개월령 한우 수소구(4두, 체중 $339.8{\pm}18.5kg$), 거세우구(4두, 체중 $309.8{\pm}13.2kg$), 암소구(3두, 체중 $290.0{\pm}16.7kg$)를 개체 사료급여기가 부착된 우사에 배치하여 총 20개월간 시험을 수행하였다. 일당증체량은 비육전기에는 한우 수소, 거세우 및 암소간에 차이가 없었으나 비육중기부터 수소구가 높았으며 암소구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 공시축의 체형차이는 24개월령부터 나타나, 한우 암소는 체고와 체장에서 가장 작았으나(p<0.05), 체고는 32개월령대에서는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다. 12개월령 공시축의 혈액성분 중, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose 및 total protein함량은 암소구에서 높았으며, GPT 수준은 수소구에서 높았다(p<0.05). 혈청 GOT 수준은 처리구 공히, 비육후기에 높았으며, 수소구에서 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 육량지수는 수소구와 암소구가 비슷한 수준이었으며, 거세우구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 육질평가에서 근내지방도는 거세우구와 암소구가 수소구보다 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.05), 육질등급은 거세우구가 가장 높았다. 본 시험은 한우사양표준 개정에 있어서 성별간 비교를 위한 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.210-219
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• 2008

2004년 1월에서 9월 및 2007년 1월에서 8월 사이 천제연 하구에서 소상하는 어류를 채집하여 월별 밤과 낮의 종조성 변화를 분석하였다. 천제연 하구의 하천과 바다 사이에 건설된 보의 수로에 망목 2 mm의 그물을 설치하여 매월 그믐 밤과 낮에 바다에서 민물로 소상하는 어류를 채집하였다. 조사기간 동안 총 14종의 어류가 채집되었으며, 은어 (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis)와 숭어 (Mugil cephalus)가 대부분을 차지하였다. 강하성 어류인 실뱀장어(Anguilla japonica)가 소상 시기인 2월에서 5월 밤에 주로 채집되었고, 기수성인 갈문망둑(Rhinogobius giurinus), 검정망둑(Tridentiger obscurus), 열동갈문절(Sicyopterus japonicus)과 꾹저구(Gymnogobius urotaenia) 같은 망둑어류가 채집되었다. 담수어류인 미꾸리 (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)와 버들치(Rhynchocypris oxycephalus)가 소량 채집되었는데, 이들은 간조 때 담수를 따라 바다로 이동된 후 만조 때 다시 담수로 되돌아오는 과정에서 채집된 것으로 추정된다. 해산어인 멸치(Engraulis japonicus), 주걱치(Pempheris japonica), 쏠종개 (Plotosus lineatus), 복섬 (Takifugu niphobles)이 소량 채집되었는데, 이들은 만조 때 담수로 유입되는 해수를 따라 이동하는 과정에서 채집된 것으로 보인다. 은어는 조사기간 동안 계속 채집되었으며, 전장(TL) 55~100 mm인 개체들이 주로 채집되었으나 4월 이후에는 100 mm TL보다 큰 개체들도 채집되었다. 숭어도 조사기간 동안 계속 채집되었으며, 대부분 전장 범위가 28~58 mm 사이였으나, 2월과 4월에는 103~240 mm TL의 큰 개체들도 채집되었다. 제주도의 하천은 육지로부터 고립되었고 그 길이도 짧아 담수종의 수가 적고 기수역이 발달하지 않아, 담수종이나기수성 어류가 많지 않은 관계로 소상 어류상이 빈약한 것으로 보인다.