Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2016.24.4.931

Comparative Studies among Bull, Steer and Heifer on Growth Performance, Blood Composition and Carcass Characteristics According to Fattening Phase in Hanwoo  

Lee, Sang-Min ((주)이지바이오)
Hyun, Jong Hwan (농협사료)
Lee, Shin-Ja (경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원&중점연구소)
Kim, Eun-Tae (농촌진흥청 축산과학원 낙농과)
Moon, Yea-Hwang (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과)
Lee, Sung-Sill (경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원&중점연구소)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture / v.24, no.4, 2016 , pp. 931-944 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare among bull, steer and heifer on growth performance, blood composition and carcass traits according to fattening phase in Hanwoo. 12 month of aged 4 bulls ($339.8{\pm}18.5kg$), 4 steers ($309.8{\pm}13.2kg$), and 3 heifers ($290.0{\pm}16.7kg$) were allocated in the stalls with individual feeding system during 20 months. Average daily gain was not different among the treatment groups during early fattening phase, but higher in the bulls and lower in the heifers after mid-fattening phase (p<0.05). The difference of body size by animal groups appeared from 24 month of age, and wither height and body length of Hanwoo heifer were the smallest (p<0.05) among treatment group. But wither height was not difference among treatment groups at 32 month of age. At 12 month of age, concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and total protein were higher in the heifers compared to other groups, and serum GPT (Glutamic pyruvic transaminase) was the highest (p<0.05) in the bulls, and serum GOT (Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) was the highest (p<0.05) at late fattening phase in the bulls. Meat yield index was similar between the bulls and the heifers, and the lowest (p<0.05) in the steers. Marbling score was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the steers and the heifers than in the bulls, and meat quality was the best in the steers among treatment groups. The results of this experiment might be used as a basal data on difference between gender in revision of Korean feeding standard for Hanwoo.
Keywords
blood compositions; carcass characteristics; hanwoo Bull; heifer; steer;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 10  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Nam, C. J. and M. J. Young. 1971. About transaminase activities of Hanwoo serum. Korean J. Vet. Serv. 11: 65-68.
2 Oh, Y. K., C. S. Jyung, S. C. Lee, K. H. Kim, C. W. Choi, S. W. Kang, and Y. H. Moon. 2006. Effects of Pine Silage Feeding on Nutrient Digestibility, Feed Conversion and Carcass Traits of Korean Native Cattle. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. (Kor). 48: 219-226.   DOI
3 SAS. 1990. SAS User Guide. Release 9.01 edition. SAS Inst. Inc. Cary N.C., U.S.A.
4 Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74: 3583-3597.   DOI
5 Van Koevering, M. T., D. R. Gill, F. N. Owens, H. G. Dalezal, and C. A. Strasis. 1995. Effects of time on feed on performance of feedlot steers, carcass characteristics, and tenderness and composition of longissimus muscle. J. Anim. Sci. 73: 21-28.   DOI
6 Zinn, D. W., C. T. Gaskins, G. L. Gann, and H. B. Hedrick. 1970. Beef muscle tenderness as influenced by days on feed, sex, maturity and anatomical location. J. Anim. Sci. 31: 307-318.   DOI
7 AOAC. 2012. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 19th Edition. Gaithersburg, Mary land, U.S.A. pp. 1-4.
8 Arave, C. W., R. H. Miller, and R. C. Lamb. 1975. Genetic and environmental effects on serum cholesterol of dairy cattle of various ages. J. Dairy Sci. 58: 3-11.
9 Cho, H. U., W. S. Ko, H. W. Son, M. J. Lee, H. J. Song, and J. H. Park. 2008. Hematological and biochemical analysis of Korean indigenous cattle according to the ages. Kor. J. Vet. Serv. 31: 137-147.
10 Cho, W. M., S. S. Chang, H. C. Kim, E. G. Kwon, S. H. Yang, and B. H. Peak. 2009. Effects of forage source and shipping time on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Kor. Grassl. Forage Sci. 29: 375-382.   DOI
11 Choi, B. H., B. J. Ahn, K. Kook, S. S. Sun, K. H. Myun, S. J. Moon, and J. H. Kim. 2002. Effects of feeding patterns and sexes on growth rate, carcass trait and grade in Korean native cattle. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15: 838-843.   DOI
12 Dolezal, H. G., G. C. Smith, J. W. Savell, and Z. L. Carpenter. 1982. Effect of time on feed on the palatability of rib steaks from steers and heifer. J. Food Sci. 47: 368-370.   DOI
13 Choi, C. W., K. H. Baek, S. J. Kim, Y. K. Oh, S. K. Hong, E. K. Kwon, M. K. Song, and C. B. Choi. 2009. Effects of polyclonal antibodies to abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes on ruminal fermentation patterns and blood metabolites in korean native steers. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 51: 231-240.   DOI
14 Crouse, J. D., R. M. Cundiff, M. Koch, T. Koohmaraie, and S. C. Seideman. 1989. Comparisons of bos indicus and bos Taurus inheritance for carcass beef characteristics and meat palatability. J. Anim. Sci. 67: 2661-2668.   DOI
15 Do, J. C., C. W. Lee, J. K. Son, and J. S. Chung. 1990. Studies on the blood chemistry of Korean native cattle and pigs. Kor. J. Vet. Serv. 13: 49-53.
16 Duckett, S. K., D. G. Wagner, L. D. Yates, H. G. Dolezal, and S. G. May. 1993. Effect of time on feed on beef nutrient composition. J. Anim. Sci. 71: 2079-2088.   DOI
17 Kang, S. W., Y. K. Oh, K. H. Kim, C. W. Choi, and Y. S. Son. 2005. Study on comparison of Growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics for Holstein and F1 (Holstein female $\times$ Hanwoo male) steers and heifes. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. (Kor). 47: 593-606.   DOI
18 Harrison, A. R., M. E. Smith, D. M. Allen, M. C. Hunt, C. L. Kastner, and D. H. Kropf. 1978. Nutritional regime effects on quality and yield characteristics of beef. J. Anim. Sci. 47: 383-387.   DOI
19 KAIA. 2010. Korea Animal Improvement Association. Annual report. p. 27.
20 Kang, S. W., H. Y. Jeong, B. S. Ahn, Y. K. Oh, and Y. S. Son. 2004. Effects of feeding type of concentrates during growing period and slaughter age on growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics in growing-fattening Holstein steers. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. (Kor). 46: 989-998.   DOI
21 Kim, B. K., D. J. Jung, J. H. Lee, E. G. Hwang, and C. B. Choi. 2011. Comparison of growth performances and physico-chemical characteristics of Hanwoo bulls and steers of different slaughtering ages. Kor. J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 31: 257-265.   DOI
22 Kim, D. H., K. H. Kim, I. S. Nam, W. Y. Kim, J. M. Yeo, S. S. Lee, J. C. Ju, and Y. K. Oh. 2012. Comparison of Blood Metabolites and Enzyme Activities at Different Slaughter Ages of Hanwoo Cattle. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. (Kor). 54: 443-449.   DOI
23 Kim, Y. I., Y. H. Lee, K. H. Kim, Y. K. Oh, Y. H. Moon, and W. S. Kwak. 2012. Effects of Supplementing Microbially-fermented Spent Mushroom Substrates on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Hanwoo Steers (a Field Study). Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 25: 1575-1581.   DOI
24 Kim, Y. M., J. H. Kim, S. C. Kim, H. M. Ha, Y. D. Ko, and C. H. Kim. 2002. Influence of dietary addition of dried worm wood (Artemisia sp.) on the performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of muscle tissues of Hanwoo heifers. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15: 549-554.   DOI