• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.428-437
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between leisure constraint, leisure constraint negotiation and leisure participation of Chinese students studying in Korea. A total of 210 respondents, participating in the athletic competition for Chinese students, were selected to conduct this study, using the purposive sampling method. Finally, 194 surveys except 17 respondents, were used for this study. The reliability of the questionnaire was analyzed using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ with SPSS 18.0 and the Simple Regression Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis were conducted. As a result, Main findings were as follows; First, leisure constraint had a positive relationship with leisure constraint negotiation. Specifically, leisure constraint had an influence on 'leisure activity partner search' and 'leisure activity intensity control effort' out of leisure constraint negotiation strategies. Second, leisure constraint had a negative relationship with leisure participation. Third, leisure constraint negotiation had no significant influence on leisure participation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.386-394
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• 2013

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the difference in recreation specialization levels based on the levels of leisure constraint negotiation and to examine the effect of leisure constraint negotiation on recreation specialization. A total of 374 skiers Kyonggi and Kangwon provinces was selected using the cluster sampling method. All respondents were divided into 3 groups based on the levels of leisure constraint negotiation and one-was ANOVA and regression analysis were conducted. The main findings were as follows: First, skiers were divided into 3 groups(high, middle, low) by the K-mean cluster analysis. Second, there were differences in past experience, centrality of life, financial investment, and overall recreation specialization based on the levels of leisure constraint negotiation. Finally, leisure constrain negotiation had a positive effect on recreation specialization.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.205-223
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• 2014

A study of the impact of constraint factors of festival participation and negotiation efforts of festival participant on festival satisfaction. This study reviewed earlier studies about festival and verified an impact of the leisure constraint factors of festival participant and the negotiation efforts on festival satisfaction by considering previous literature. Hypotheses based on literature reviews were analyzed emprically. According to the result of study, in aspect of the relationship between constraint factors of festival participation(intrapersonal constraint, interpersonal constraint, structural constraint) and negotiation efforts of festival participation, both interpersonal constraint and structural constraint have positive influence on constraint negotiation efforts. However, intrapersonal constraint factor influenced negatively. Also, the results revealed that in aspect of the relationship among festival participation, festival experience recognition, and satisfaction, festival participation have positive influence on cognitive and emotional experience and finally satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

This study applied the leisure constraints and negotiation concept to the travel context, especially for traveling in national parks. More specifically, it tries to identify how constraints and negotiation impact a person's travel behavior. The population of this study is the people who intend to visit the national parks for their summer vacations. The data was collected through the panel study, which surveyed the same set of people before and after their trip. Among 527 samples, 39.7％ traveled what they planned without any changes. 24.7％ did not travel or postponed their trip, and 35.7％ enjoyed their vacation but with changes of destination, time or travel periods. These results support that people may use negotiation strategies to overcome their constraints in a travel context. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the impact of constraints on travel behavior among the three groups. The results also confirm that people have to overcome intra-, inter-, and structural constraints for visiting the national parks. Thus, the findings of the study suggest that the concepts of leisure constraints and negotiation is applicable to the travel contexts. Because of its exploratory characteristics, several limitations and cautions were raised.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.69-84
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• 2016

This study set the research model to examine the correlation between Word-of-Mouth constraint factors, efforts to negotiate pertaining to these, Flow and Word-of-Mouth intent based on the theory of leisure constrain when it comes to the correlation between consumers' Word-of-Mouth constraint factors and Word-of-Mouth. Correlation among the variables were verified in an empirical manner. Results of this study are summarized as follows. After verifying the hypotheses, all the hypotheses were adopted excluding the hypotheses of two results (Hypothesis 1, hypotheses 5). Detailed results regarding this are as follows. First, the following is the effect of the Intrapersonal Constraint and Word-of-Mouth constraint factors on the Word-of-Mouth constraint negotiation effort. Interpersonal Constraint and Structural Constraint exert positive (-) effect on the Word-of-Mouth constraint negotiation effort. In case of Intrapersonal Constraint, negative (-) effect was demonstrated. Thus, this was statistically significant although dismissed from hypothesis verification. Second, the following is the result of examining the structural correlation between Word-of-Mouth constraint negotiation effort, Flow and Word-of-Mouth. Word-of-Mouth constraint negotiation effort exerts positive (-) effect on the Flow, but it was not statistically effective in case of the Word-of-Mouth. Lastly, it is possible to see that the Flow plays the role of a medium since it exerted positive (-) effect on the Word-of-Mouth. Results of this study are expected to provide key theoretical and working level implications as well as general understanding of the Word-of-Mouth constraint factors, consumers' Flow and Word-of-Mouth.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.587-594
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine how college students' stress coping in the post-corona era affect leisure constraint negotiations. To achieve the purpose of this study, from January 25th to February 19th, 2021, 247 copies were used for this study, excluding 13 questionnaires from Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, and Busan. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, ANOVA and hierarchical regression analysis were performed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 18.0. As a result, there was a difference in leisure constraint negotiations according to changes in the types of leisure before and after COVID-19. According to the stress coping method of college students, it appears that it has a positive effect on the part of leisure constraint negotiations, so it is necessary to consider a detailed approach to the coping plan. In particular, it was confirmed that the active stress coping method(Active problem solving, Social support seeking) had a positive effect on the leisure constraint negotiations. Therefore, future research will require efforts to verify their relationship with various approaches to leisure constraints, leisure constraints negotiations, and stress and stress response strategies with COVID-19.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.305-314
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• 2012

This study estimated the causal relationship among leisure identity salience (LIS), leisure constraints negotiation (LCN), and intentions to participate in leisure activity (IPLA). For this, we estimated structural equation models controlled by leisure constraints, and we used data collected from 296 college students residing in Seoul and Kyoung-gi providence. The following was obtained. First, for both groups with high and low levels of leisure constraints, LIS positively caused LCN, and this became more evident for the group with high level of leisure constraint. Second, for the group with low level of leisure constraints, LIS positively and directly caused IPLA, whereas this causal relationship could not observed from the group with high level of leisure constraints. Nevertheless, it indirectly and positively caused IPLA though LCN for the same group. This implies that the mediative role of LCN became more important as the level of leisure constraints became more restrictive. Further, we separately showed that the role of LIS was important in the process of LCN.