• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a protocol of cryotherapy and Tai Chi on women with Fibrolmyalgia Syndrome. Methods: The study design was a pretest and posttest quasi-experimental, nonrandom assignment. The subjects were 48 outpatients with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia based on the American College of Rheumatology Standards. The setting was a University Medical Center in S city. The protocol was self administered ten times a week, for a two week period resulting in twenty treatments. Results: A protocol of cryotherapy and Tai Chi self-help program showed significant improvement in the fibromyalgia impact as measured by reports of physical impairment, feeing good, number of missed work days, ability to perform work, reports of pain, fatigue, rest, stiffness, anxiety and depression as reported by the comparison group (p<.001). No significant differences between the two regarding in reports of the tender points (p=.062). Conclusion: The results suggested that a protocol of cryotherapy and Tai Chi self-help program may be a promising multidisciplinary strategy for fibromyalgia patients.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.257-268
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• 2002

Chronic infection and inflammation have recently been implicated as important etiologic agents of atherosclerosis. Several agents have been suggested as possible candidates including cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex vims type 1 (HSV-1), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Helicobacter pylori. We evaluated the relationship between cytornegalovirus infection and atherosclerosis by in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We examined 23 subjects with atherosclerosis and 10 matched control subjects without atherosclerosis. CMV was detected by in situ hybridization in 60.9% (14/23) of aorta and 42.9% (9/21) of coronary arteries in subjects with atherosclerosis. It was also detected by PCR in 65.2% (15/23) of aorta and 52.4% (11/21) of coronary arteries. CMV was detected on areas showing early or advanced atheromatous changes. Cells morphologically identical to smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and Schwann cells were positively reacted with the CMV probe. However. none of the cells to which the probe hybridized contained inclusion bodies, thus strongly suggesting that the arterial wall may be a site of CMV latency. This result Indicates that CMV may potentially play a direct or indirect role in the pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.499-505
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• 2009

Many other countries have investigated the residual sludge treatment process to save the existing water resource and produce the high suspended solid concentration sludge. There are various methods for concentrating residual sludge, but the membrane system has received the most interest for its efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of membrane filtration system for the residual sludge treatment. The experiment equipment was composed of Lab scale Crossflow tubular membrane filtration system. Generally, crossflow operation mode demands high electric cost mainly for the pump energy. So to cut off electric cost, very low Crossflow velocity was used in this experiment. Results confirmed that suspended solid concentration of residual sludge could be concentrated to 57,000mg/L in low Crossflow velocity tubular membrane system,. This concentration can be directly injected into the dehydrator. Based on the results, we know that the Crossflow tubular membrane system should be replaced conventional residual sludge treatment system.

• Mycobiology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.229-234
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• 2003

A total of 24 isolates of Phytophthora infestans were tested and analyzed for their resistance to metalaxyl fungicides. Sensitivity to metalaxyl was determined by growing isolates on 20% V8 medium amended with 0, 5, and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ metalaxyl. Four isolates among the 24 tested were resistant to metalaxyl. Eleven isolates were intermediate and nine isolates were sensitive. Amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) assay was used to identify the amplification products of resistant isolates. As a result, selected fragments were cloned, sequences and primer pairs were developed which linked to metalaxyl insensitivity in P. infestans using competitive PCR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.210-213
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose a new neural network for the control of a robot manipulator The proposed neural network structure is that all of network outputs feed bark into hidden units and output units from feedback units The feedback units are only to memorize the previous activations of the hidden units and output units and can be considered to function as one-step time delays. The proposed neural network works standard back-propagation Loaming algorithm. The simulation and experiment results showed the effectiveness of using the modified neural network structure in the control of the robot manipulator.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.849-858
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• 2009

Risk caused by safety-critical instrumentation and control (I&C) systems considerably affects overall plant risk. As digitalization of safety-critical systems in nuclear power plants progresses, a risk model of a digitalized safety system is required and must be included in a plant safety model in order to assess this risk effect on the plant. Unique features of a digital system cause some challenges in risk modeling. This article aims at providing an overview of the issues related to the development of a static fault-tree-based risk model. We categorize the complicated issues of digital system probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) into four groups based on their characteristics: hardware module issues, software issues, system issues, and safety function issues. Quantification of the effect of these issues dominates the quality of a developed risk model. Recent research activities for addressing various issues, such as the modeling framework of a software-based system, the software failure probability and the fault coverage of a self monitoring mechanism, are discussed. Although these issues are interrelated and affect each other, the categorized and systematic approach suggested here will provide a proper insight for analyzing risk from a digital system.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.233-236
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• 2018

A multiplex RT-PCR (mRT-PCR) assay was developed for the detection of the recently reported viruses, Cherry virus A (CVA), Little cherry virus 1 (LChV-1), and Little cherry virus 2 (LChV-2), in cherry plants in Korea. Eight sets of primers were designed for each virus and their specificity was tested by using various combinations of mixed primer sets. From the designed primer sets, one combination was selected and further evaluated to estimate the optimum temperature and detection limits of the mRT-PCR. A newly developed mRT-PCR assay was also tested using 20 cherry samples collected in the field. This mRT-PCR assay may be a useful tool for field surveys of diseases and the rapid detection of these three viruses in cherry plants.

• Mycobiology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2004

Sweet persimmons have been increasingly cultivated in the southern part of Korea. However, anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species is one of the major hindrances in cultivation and productions. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction(PCR) to detect Colletotrichum species with the AFLP(amplified fragment length polymorphism) method. In AFLP, we used E3(5'-GACTGCGTACCAATTCTA-3') and M1(5'-GATGAGTCCTGAGTAACAG-3') primer combination and, as a result, 262 bp segment was observed in Colletotrichum species only. Specific PCR primers were designed from the sequence data and used to detect the presence of the fungus in genomic DNA isolated from symptomless sweet persimmon plants. Based on sequence data for specific segments, Co.B1(5'-GAGAGAGTAGAATTGCGCTG-3') and Co.B2(5'-CTACCATTCTTCTA GGTGGG-3') were designed to detect Colletotrichum species. The 220 bp segment was observed in Colletotrichum species only, but not in other fungal and bacterial isolates.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

GTL(Gas-to-Liquids) fuel technology was converted from the natural gas, coal and biomass into the diesel or kerosene by Fisher-Tropsch synthesis. GTL fuel have very good merits on high cetane number, low density, free sulfur, lower aromatics contents and no poly-aromatic hydrocarbons as well as the autoignition characteristics. These physical properties make it valuable as a diesel fuel with lower emissions than the conventional diesel fuel. Furthermore, GTL fuel can be use not to the engine any modification. Therefore, to evaluate emissions of GTL fuel, the tested diesel vehicles were fueled on blends of GTL fuel/ultra low sulfur diesel fuel(ULSD). And then, we found out that GTL fuel reduced regulated emissions(CO, NOx, HC, PM) compare with conventional diesel fuel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.139-139
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• 2006