• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.155-170
• /
• 2003

Lumbar segmental instability is considered to represent a significant sub-group within the chronic low back pain population. This condition has a unique clinical presentation that displays its symptoms and movement dysfunction within the neutral zone of the motion segment. The loosening of the motion segment secondary to injury and associated dysfunction of the local muscle system renders it biomechanically vulnerable in the neutral zone. There in evidence of muscle dysfunction related to the control of the movement system. There is a clear link between reduced proprioceptive input, altered slow motor unit recruitment and the development of chronic pain states. Dysfunction in the global and local muscle systems in presented to support the development of a system of classification of muscle function and development of dysfunction related to musculoskeletal pain. The global muscles control range of movement and alignment, and evidence of dysfunction is presented in terms of imbalance in recruitment and length between the global stability muscles and the global mobility muscles. The local stability muscles demonstrate evidence of failure of aeequate segmental control in terms of allowing excessive uncontrolled translation or specific loss of cross-sectional area at the site of pathology Motor recruitment deficits present as altered timing and patterns of recruitment. The evidence of local and global dysfunction allows the development of an integrated model of movement dysfunction. The clinical diagnosis of this chronic low back pain condition is based on the report of pain and the observation of movement dysfunction within the neutral zone and the associated finding of excessive intervertebral motion at the symptomatic level. Four different clinical patterns are described based on the directional nature of the injury and the manifestation of the patient's symptoms and motor dysfunction. A specific stabilizing exercise intervention based on a motor learning model in proposed and evidence for the efficacy of the approach provided.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.237-244
• /
• 2023

Background: The external rotation (ER) exercise in performed at a 90° abduction of the shoulder joint is an effective to strengthen the infraspinatus. However, failure of the humeral head to control axial rotation during exercise can be increased the posterior deltoid over activity. Biofeedback training is an effective method of promoting motor learning and control it could look forward to activate the infraspinatus selectively by controlling the humeral head during exercise. Objects: The aim of this study was investigated that whether biofeedback for axial rotation was effective to activate selectively the infraspinatus during ER exercise. Methods: The 15 healthy males participated, and all subjects performed both ER exercise in a sitting position with shoulder abducted 90° under conditions with and without axial rotation biofeedback. Exercise was performed in a range of 90° ER, divided into three phases: concentric, isometric, and eccentric. The infraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscle activity were observed using surface electromyography. Results: Both infraspinatus activity (p < 0.01) and infraspinatus to posterior deltoid activity ratio (p = 0.01) were significantly higher with biofeedback however, posterior deltoid activity was significantly lower with biofeedback (p = 0.01). The infraspinatus muscle activity and muscle activity ratio were the highest in the isometric contraction type, and there were significant differences for all contraction types (p < 0.05). Whereas, the posterior deltoid activity was the lowest in the isometric contraction type, and showed a significant difference between isometric and other two contraction types (p < 0.05), but no significant different between concentric and eccentric contraction. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the axial rotation biofeedback during sitting ER exercise might be effective method to activating selective infraspinatus muscle and recommended to enhance the dynamic stability of the shoulder joint.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 2015

Objective : Recently many kinds of food therapies have sprung up to prevent or manage disease and to promote health. Seeing Korean history, the Korean medical doctors have been applying food therapy based on the thought that the dietary sources were as important as the medicine. Therefore, in this study, we designed a mobile edutainment game prototype with the goal of providing education about healthy food knowledge for users who belongs to different constitutional types. Materials and Method : We adopted the Sasang Constitutional Medicine as the medical background knowledge for our edutainment game design. Based on the user study, we developed the process of edutainment system which is composed of 'My game', 'My constitution', and 'My food'. Among the whole process, we developed a prototype for the core module - the 'My game' part. This prototype used a jumping game for mobile devices that is composed of training, level 1 and level 2 stages. Results : From the target user evaluation, it was proved that 1) in terms of the learning effect of healthy diet, the edutainment game we developed has a significant advantage over the conventional learning media. 2) after playing the edutainment game, the good and bad food identification accuracy based on picture and text format were increased by 44% and 42% respectively, and 3) target users perceived enjoyment while using this prototype, as well as showed positive intention to use this game as edutainment tool in the future. Conclusion : We designed and developed mobile edutainment game prototype to educate healthy food knowledge based on Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Through user evaluation, we proved that our prototype enhanced healthy food knowledge and that user accepted the prototype as a beneficial edutainment tool.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.93-110
• /
• 1999

The intelligence is the capacity to recognize the things and implies the meaning of abstract thought, learning and adaptability to the circumstance. Recently, as the promotion of learning ablility and memory attracts many people's attention, many studies of this have been accomplished but the pharmacological methods could not promote the intelligence and memory. In oriental medical theory, the human body is composed of four elements - essence, energy, sprit, blood and among these elements, sprit is considered as the concept of vital energy and mind. Especially, from the Jang-Fu physiological point of view, the memory is closly related with the heart and kidney In oriental medicine, some experiments on animal and literature studies on the subject of memory promotion have done. But because of difference in memory mechanism between man and animal, it is not in reason to apply the result of experiment on animal to human. Therefore I have methodological study of memory promotion to set up the concept of oriental medicine and experimental theory about this and can obtain such conclusion. 1. The oriental medical therapy for memory promotion is following. nourishing the heart and blood, regulating the function of spleen, relieving the mental stress, reinforcing the heart and kidney, invigorating and enriching the blood. 2. The insufficient intelligence in a child is considered to not be full and in an old man, it is considered to decline by degrees. 3. It is needed to molecular biological study of neurotransmitter after the using of oriental medical therapy. 4. It is possible to study using the genetic mutation or observing the collateral of brain nerve cell.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.285-290
• /
• 2016

To identify virtual reality (VR) interventions used for upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients. The Medline database was searched up to February 11, 2015. Randomized controlled and clinical trials that included a VR intervention for upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients were included. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. In total, 8 studies were included. PEDro scores varied from 5 to 8/10. All studies showed significant improvement in outcomes in favor of the VR group. This review suggests that VR applications used for upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients predominantly mediate learning through providing task-oriented and graduated learning with variable and unpredictable practice.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 2022

To support early intervention, it is necessary to develop programming system tools that enable accurate, valid, and reliable assessments and can help achieve reasonable, generalizable, and measurable goals. This study examined the Assessment, Evaluation, and Programming System (AEPS) used by associations of children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia to assess its suitability for children with intellectual disabilities. A group of 16 specialists with different professional backgrounds (including special education, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and psychology) from 11 associations of children with disabilities took part in semi-structured personal interviews. The study concluded that AEPS is generally suited for use with children with intellectual disabilities. However, its suitability depends on the type and severity of the child's disability. The more severe the disability, the less effective the AEPS is likely to be. On the basis of this finding the researchers formed interdisciplinary teams to organise and integrate the children's learning and assess the benefits of AEPS, including its accuracy and ability to achieve adaptive, cognitive, and social targets, enhance family engagement and learning and develop basic development skills. This study also identified obstacles associated with the use of AEPS. These include the lack of comprehensiveness and accuracy of the goal, lack of precision and non-applicability to large movements and the fact that it cannot be used with all children with intellectual disabilities. In addition, the research showed that non-cooperation within the family is a major obstacle to the implementation of the AEPS. The results of this study have several implications.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.18-25
• /
• 2024

Objective: This study is a single-group pre-post experimental study to determine the effects of simulation-based practice education on nursing students' self-efficacy, performance confidence, and educational satisfaction. Design: Single-group pre-post experimental studies Methods: This study was conducted from September 1, 2023 to November 30, 2023 for nursing undergraduate students in a simulation based practical education program. The subjects were provided with learning materials about an acute myocardial infarction case with chest pain for preliminary learning. After that, they were divided into teams of 6 people and asked to do self-study for 2 hours per team, twice a week, before conducting simulation practice. For the simulation based practical education, the participants were divided into 9 teams of 6 people each, and each team had 10 minutes for orientation, 15 minutes for scenario operation, and 50 minutes for debriefing. Results: After the simulation based practical education, self-efficacy increased statistically significantly from a mean of 3.51 before training to a mean of 3.80 after training (t=-2.12, p=0.038). However, there was no significant difference in performance confidence. There was a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and performance confidence (r=0.62, p<0.001) and training satisfaction (r=0.67, p<0.001) after the simulation based practical education. Self-confidence was also significantly correlated with educational satisfaction (r=0.76, p<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that utilizing simulation-based practical education can increase nursing students' self-efficacy, which positively affects their performance confidence and educational satisfaction. Therefore, simulation-based practical education is an effective nursing education method that can improve nursing students' practical skills.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.144-153
• /
• 2016

This study examined the recent study trends through a systematic review of the effect of sensory integration intervention and the objective reason to show the areas where sensory integration intervention is effective. The databases, Medline and EMBASE, were searched for "Occupational therapy", "Sensory integration therapy", "Sensory processing", "Weighted vest", and "Wilbarger protocol". For the analysis studies, 14 studies on the effects of sensory integration intervention from 2010 to 2015 were analyzed and organized according to the principle of PICO. According to the result, there were 4 studies each of evidence levels I and e V, which was the largest number of studies (28.6%). The result from frequency analysis of the measurement used for measuring the effects of intervention showed that GAS and VABS-II were used in the 4 studies (11.8%). 71.4% of children with autism spectrum were the major subject group in the analysis studies and sensory integration intervention had an effect on the motor performance, sensory processing, behavior, learning-related education, and occupation performance area. This study result will be useful for establishing sensory integration as an interventional program in occupational therapy practice. In further studies, it will be important to verify the intervention effect of sensory integration in another rehabilitation area.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2008

Studies of attentional focus effects, have shown that the performer's attentional focus plays an important role in the performance and learning of motor tasks. We examined the influence of attentional focus on the performance of dual tasks (a postural task and a suprapostural task) and used electromyography (EMG) to examine whether the differences between external and internal focus were also manifest at the neuromuscular level. The subjects (n=40) stood on a balance board (postural task) and held a bar horizontally (suprapostural task). All of the subjects performed under different attentional focus conditions: external (balancer on balance board) or internal (feet) focus on the postural task, and external (balancer on bar) or internal (hand) focus on the suprapostural task. The mean displacement velocity of the bar and the percent reference voluntary contraction (%RVC) of the biceps brachii were reduced when the subjects adopted an external focus on the suprapostural task (p<.05). In addition, the mean displacement velocity of the balance board and %RVC of the tibialis anterior were reduced when the subjects adopted an external focus on the postural task (p<.05). When the subjects adopted an external focus on the suprapostural task, the mean displacement velocity of the balance board and %RVC of the tibialis anterior were also reduced (p<.05). When the subjects' attentional focus was on the postural task, there were no differences in the mean displacement and %RVC of the biceps brachii between attentional focuses. The performance of each task was enhanced when subjects focused on the respective task. The suprapostural task goals had a stronger influence on postural control than vice versa. These results reflect the propensity of the motor system to optimize control processes based on the environmental outcome, or movement effect, that the performer wants to achieve.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-24
• /
• 2020

The internship is essential for the music therapy curriculum and affords interns the opportunity to apply their classroom-based knowledge and skills to real-world clinical settings. However, challenges associated with the internship can result in interns undergoing trial-and-error learning, interpersonal conflicts, and intrapersonal difficulties. An experiential music therapy group may be useful in helping interns process these incidents and develop their personal and professional skills. We explored the experiences of music therapy interns participating in therapeutic song writing. In this study, five music interns completed two 4-hour sessions of therapeutic song writing. Following the second session, a group interview was conducted with participants to gather data on their experiences. The interview was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. Six themes and 18 sub-themes were derived from the data. The six themes were preconceptions of therapeutic song writing, meaningful lyric creation, challenges in song composition, structured experiences during song writing process, development of self-awareness through music, and relational experiences resulting from the group process. Participants were able to incorporate their individual internship experiences into a single song by communicating with group members during the step-by-step process. Participation in therapeutic song writing was found to help music therapy interns identify and process challenges encountered during their internship and further their personal and professional development.