• PNF and Movement
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2003

Objectives : The purpose of this study was conducted to find change and development of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(PNF). Methods: This is a literature study with books, seminar and book for the international courses. Results: Combination of isotonic has been started by Mr and Mrs Johnson after Miss Knott passed away. It is that the terms of maximum resistance changed into optimal or appropriate resistance. It is focus on activities. Maximum resistance focus not only activities but also irradiation have to fit with normal functions. PNF has enough for the motor control concepts and international classification of functioning(ICF)of WHO. Conclusions: PNF has changed and developed with giving resistance method. It is that changed from maximal resistance to optimal resistance. But it is smaller concept than maximum resistance. Even though PNF founded 60 years ago, it is enough for new concepts that is motor control and learning.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.18
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• pp.481-512
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• 2009

This thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of Cinema Therapy through the aspect of vicarious learning, that is, Nayeoug's modelling after Yeonsun, and Yeonsun's modelling after The Little Mermaid, by making My Mother, the Mermaid directed by Park Heungsik. After immature Nayeoung returns from the travel into past time, she is reborn as an mature woman, and finally she can manage a happy marriage life. In Nayeoung's initiation, there is Yeonsun's initiation, in that again, there is a initiation of The Little Mermaid by Hans Christian Andersen. This work is a proper text in explaining the effectiveness of Cinema Therapy which aims at self-awareness and self-improvement because it contains some aspects of the vicarious learning through the movie. Nayeon's mother(Yeonsun), Nayeoung's father(Jinguk) have trouble, and sometimes have friendly relations. The major characters' wish and need are examined out through the analysis of the five basic needs based on reality therapy. As a result, it is found out that when their needs are fulfilled, friendly relation is formed, and when their needs are not fulfilled, unfriendly relation is formed. If their own basic desires are examined, their desires can be fulfilled through the inner control by themselves.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.115-125
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• 2020

Problem-Based Learning is the most commonly used teaching method in the field of education as the demand for talented people with creative problem-solving abilities has increased in recent society. In this study, we developed a tool that can simply and regularly measure the learning effects of applying Problem-Based Learning on the classroom. Twenty-two preliminary items for the development were constructed by gathering expert opinions about items collected in existing research of Problem-Based Learning effects measurement. Using this preliminary items, data were collected from 124 students who took the subject-based study. And the validity and reliability were verified through Rash analysis. 11 of 124 students and 1 of 22 items were found to nonconforming and excluded. In addition, the optimal scale for the configuration of this tool was found to be a four-point scale, and the reliability of separation on the subject and the item was found to be excellent. We hope that the assessment tools of Problem-Based Learning effectiveness developed in this study will be actively used to measure learning effectiveness and manage the quality of education.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether types of sensory-stimuli cues in terms of visual, auditory, and visuoauditory cues can be affected to motor sequential learning in healthy adults, using serial reaction time task. Methods: Twenty four healthy subjects participated in this study, who were randomly allocated into three groups, in terms of visual-stimuli (VS) group, auditory-stimuli (AS) group, and visuoauditory-stimuli (VAS) group. In SRT task, eight Arabic numbers were adopted as presentational stimulus, which were composed of three different types of presentational modules, in terms of visual, auditory, and visuoauditory stimuli. On an experiment, all subjects performed total 3 sessions relevant to each stimulus module with a pause of 10 minutes for training and pre-/post-tests. At the pre- and post-tests, reaction time and accuracy were calculated. Results: In reaction time, significant differences were founded in terms of between-subjects, within-subjects, and interaction effect for group ${\times}$ repeated factor. In accuracy, no significant differences were observed in between-group and interaction effect for groups ${\times}$ repeated factor. However, a significant main effect of within-subjects was observed. In addition, a significant difference was showed in comparison of differences of changes between the pre- and post-test only in the reaction time among three groups. Conclusion: This study suggest that short-term sequential motor training on one day induced behavioral modification, such as speed and accuracy of motor response. In addition, we found that motor training using visual-stimuli cue showed better effect of motor skill acquisition, compared to auditory and visuoauditory-stimuli cues.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.167-172
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the emotional codes of Sijo, which has been acknowledged to have excellent therapeutic function, to activate the contents of the therapy of humanities. Sijo as a function of healing forms emotional codes of therapy, which is the total of emotions, through the fusion of emotions formed during the process of appreciation of various works. This process enables the literary therapeutic activities to proceed physiologically in the human body. Just as machine learning is self-learning by cognitive functions, the coding process for encoding and re-encoding at all times operates on collections of numerous neurons in the human system. In such a process, it is predicted that amino acids are synthesized in the human body by collective encoding of emotion codes. These amino acids regulate the signaling system of the human body. In the future, if the study on the healing process as such at the contact point of humanities and human physiology proceeds, it is expected that a program of higher quality humanistic therapy will be activated.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2002

This study is research for effect of the involved lower limb weight bearing training on symmetrical weight supporting rate improvement by practicing involved lower limb weight bearing training of three weeks period to improve standing equilibrium problem with asymmetric weight supporting rate of hemiplegia. In result of the study, it has shown that P-value incase of involved supporting rate is lower than level of significance $\alpha$<.05 and mean improvement rate of experienced group is higher in comparison with controlled group and experienced group. In changing quantity of involved maximum supporting rate, P-value is .26 and higher than level of significance $\alpha$<.05, and so it did not show significant difference statistically. But in case of experienced group between pre and post-test, involved side supporting rate and involved side maximum supporting rate showed significant improvement in all. In comparison of relative characteristic training effect difference, it was shown that train-learning effect on case of 40-60 years old, hemorrhagic patient and standard body bun of patient is valuable, which showed significant improvement in case of paralytic side and disease period, it did not show significant difference on excercise learning effect in two above cases. In the above result, we can say that continuous weight bearing training on the involved lower limb for three weeks period help improve the involved side supporting rate of hemiplegia. Accordingly, the weight bearing training on the involved lower limb is training method that patient can easily train with simple guidance of therapists, without being special expensive equipment. Furthermore it can be helpful to establish home therapeutic plan for hemiplegia through education of a patron.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a cognitive-exercise program using step on the cognitive function, gait, and depression of elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Methods : The subjects comprised 30 elderly people with mild cognitive impairment who used elderly welfare centers in the provinces A, B, and C between March 21 and June 7, 2019. They were divided into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15) before undergoing an experiment based on a pretest-posttest control group design. The lowenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment-geriatric population was used to assess the subjects' cognitive function, while the 4-stage balance test, 30-second chair-stand test, timed up & go test, and functional reach test were employed to evaluate their gait. In addition, the beck depression inventory was used to measure their levels of depression. Results : The cognitive-exercise program using step enhanced the subjects' cognitive function and gait and reduced their levels of depression. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion : The cognitive-exercise program using step promoted the process of sensorimotor and cognition through the learning process of various steps taking left and right steps and cognitive activities. It improves gait by activating the coordination of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems of the body and positively affecting posture control, balance, flexibility, and lower extremity muscles. It also relieved depression by performing successful step learning and cognitive activities with forward-looking (doing) that leads to pleasure and achievement. The present study confirmed the value of a cognitive-exercise program using step to treat multiple domains of functional decline in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment. This is therefore proposed as an intervention program for this patient group.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2023

This study is an example of a Cinema Therapy class through the movie Life of Pi (2013). Cinema Therapy proceeds through the process of identification, empathy, projection, and observational learning through the cinema. Through research, students objectively examine the situation of the characters in the movie, identify themselves, and empathize with them. Students evaluate the situation of the character in the movie, and indirectly experience the hardships facing the character in the movie through the answer to "What would you do if I were the main character?" and think about what they would do. I admire the outstanding points of the main character and reflect on my life. Through this process, students examine the situation of their emotions and problems and specifically suggest ways to solve them. In the end, students' emotions can be fully healed through the movie. Healing through the cinema should start with the selection of the cinema in consideration of the healer's client. It is also necessary to sufficiently present a specific method of applying this. It is expected that the cinema healing plan will be able to develop further by presenting various healing methods in the future.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.47-71
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• 2004

Students with learning disability have difficulty with attention and academic achievement Music can be an effective tool to enhance level of participation. The purpose of this study is to examine how much can be structured to enhance the attention span and related academic skills needed to achieve educational goals. The study has implemented structured music therapy sessions for three middle school students with learning disability. They participated in 20 sessions which were 30 minutes in length for ten weeks. The implemented music therapy sessions were designed using songs, playing, and listening to music. In order to test their level of attention, Frankfurter Aufmerksamkeits-Inventar(FAIR) Attention Test is implemented and Conners' Comprehensive Teacher's Rating Scale(CTRS-10) are used on the week before and after music activities. Also videotaping is used so as to analyze how correctly they do their task and how the correctness is changed period by period and to evaluate how often for ten minutes they make an eye contact with their teacher. The conclusions of this study are as follows: Firstly, the organized music activities have a positive affection on improving the attention of three middle school students who have learning disabilities. Fair Attention Test shows that they can do their task with more accuracy than in the previous period. Secondly, three students of this study improved their attention and made an eye contact more often than before this study, which is revealed through the analysis of the pre and post test results evaluated by CTRS-10. The results of the study indicate that structured use of music in various level of activities can help students to enhance attention span and the related academic skills.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-84
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• 2024

Objective : This study aimed to categorize the lifestyles of older adults into two types - healthy and unhealthy, and use machine learning to identify the personal values that influence these lifestyles. Methods : This cross-sectional study targeting middle-aged and older adults (55 years and above) living in local communities in South Korea. Data were collected from 300 participants through online surveys. Lifestyle types were dichotomized by the Yonsei Lifestyle Profile (YLP)-Active, Balanced, Connected, and Diverse (ABCD) responses using latent profile analysis. Personal value information was collected using YLP-Values (YLP-V) and analyzed using machine learning to identify the relative importance of personal values on lifestyle types. Results : The lifestyle of older adults was categorized into healthy (48.87%) and unhealthy (51.13%). These two types showed the most significant difference in social relationship characteristics. Among the machine learning models used in this study, the support vector machine showed the highest classification performance, achieving 96% accuracy and 95% area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The model indicated that individuals who prioritized a healthy diet, sought health information, and engaged in hobbies or cultural activities were more likely to have a healthy lifestyle. Conclusion : This study suggests the need to encourage the expansion of social networks among older adults. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity to comprehensively intervene in individuals' perceptions and values that primarily influence lifestyle adherence.