• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.284-290
• /
• 1995

This study examined the effects of the learning cycle model by learner's characteristics such as I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skins, cognitive style, activity, reflectiveness. To see the effects of the learning cycle model, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest multiple treatment designs was used in the study. 99 middle school second-graders(female) were divided into two groups. One group was selected as the experimental group (n=50), the other served at the comparison group(n=49). During the eight-month period, the students in the experimental group were instructed according to the learning cycle model, while the students in the comparison group were instructed according to the traditional instruction methods. Achievement data from science achievement test were analyzed by an ANOVA technique. The results of the study are as follows : 1. Science knowledge achievement. For the lower level students of activity, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in science knowledge achievement. 2. Science inquiry skills. For the upper level students of I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skills, cognitive style and reflectiveness, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in science inquiry skills. 3. Attitudes toward science. For the lower level students of I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skills, cognitive style, activity and reflectiveness, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in attitudes toward science.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.527-545
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 과학교육에서 학습동기 요소를 활용한 4E&E순환학습모형을 제안하고자 하였다. 본 모형은 동기설계와 수업설계를 기반으로 하고 있다. 4E&E순환학습모형은 유인(Engage), 탐색(Exlpore), 설명(Explain), 확장(Expand) 등의 4단계로 구성되어 있으며, 각 단계마다 평가(Evaluate)와 feed-back을 통해 순환적으로 진행된다. 그리고 4E&E순환학습 모형은 수업과정 중에 평가와 피드백을 통한 지속적으로 학습에 대한 점검이 이루어지는 특징을 갖고 있어 효과적으로 학습 목표에 도달할 수 있다. 특히, 4E&E순환학습 모형은 학습동기유발전략을 활용하여 수업을 설계하고 실시함으로써 수업에 대한 매력도를 높이고 학습에 집중할 수 있어 과학교육에서 매우 효과적인 모형이라 할 수 있다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.409-423
• /
• 2008

최근 과학교육 분야의 연구들에 의하면 학생들은 과학수업 시 다양한 어려움을 지각하며 수업 후에도 이러한 어려움이 잘 해소되지 않는다는 연구 결과가 보고되고 있다. 그러나 학생들이 느끼는 과학학습의 어려움과 그 원인을 조사하여 이를 해소시키기 위한 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 학생들의 과학학습 어려움에 대한 체계적인 분석과 더불어 어려움을 해소하고 학습효과를 향상시킬 수 있는 새로운 수업모형 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 최근의 과학학습 과정에서 학생의 겪는 어려움과 기존 과학수업 모형에 관한 선행연구들을 조사하여, 이 결과를 통합적 정신모형이론 관점에서 분석하였다. 이러한 과정을 거쳐 과학학습 어려움 해소를 도울 수 있는 통합적 정신모형 이론에 기반한 4M 순환학습 수업모형을 개발하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.567-575
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of academic achievements, science process skill and scientific attitude. The subjects of this study were 68 fourth-grade elementary school students who were 33 students for the 5E learning cycle instruction and 35 students for traditional instruction. The control group was taught with traditional teaching method, while the experimental group was taught 'the change to the volume of material due to heat' unit of 4th grade with the developed learning cycle model. The results were as fellows: First, the learning cycle instruction is more effective for understanding of a concept related to the change to the volume of material due to heat. Second, the learning cycle model seems more effective for the expansion of both scientific inquiry ability and scientific attitude.

• 의학교육논단
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The 'learning cycle' proposed by Guilbert in 1981 has been accredited as an effective and useful model for curriculum design. Three components of learning cycle, learning objective, instructional method, and assessment are connected organically and form basic structure of curriculum. In this study, we intend to analyze how the learning cycle and its three components are applied to present medical curriculum and examine the points at issue of the learning cycle in medical education. Also, we try to identify the educational significance of the leaning cycle in medical education. Results: First, concerning the learning objective, it was identified that impractical and abstract expressions are major controversial points. Also, there is a need to make learning objectives covering entire medical curriculum. Second, because of various structural problems, it is hard to practice new and various instructional methods. Third, even though there is a growing need for medical curriculum to develop and utilize more various and detailed assessment and evaluation, it was revealed that only are standardized and traditional assessments mainly used. Conclusion: Synthetically, we have some suggestions as follows. First, it is necessary to specify and actualize the learning objectives. Also, instructional methods and assessments should be diversified. And finally, there is a need to build organic and delicate medical curriculum by applying the learning cycle to medical education more actively.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2004

This study focused on the development and application of learning cycle model for promoting children's creativity and problem solving ability. The learning cycle approach consists of four phases : awareness, exploration, investigation, and concept application. The program consists of 20 scientific activities. A total of 70 children participated the 10 week program to examine the effectiveness of this model. The experimental design included a pretest, treatment, and posttest. Results showed that the experimental group children scored significantly higher on the creativity and problem solving tests in the posttest than the control group children.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.13-34
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study is to develop appropriate science teaching models which can be applied effectively to relevant situations. Five science teaching models; cognitive conflict teaching models, generative teaching model, learning cycle teaching model, hypothesis verification teaching model and discovery teaching model, were identified from the existing models. The teaching models were modified and in primary and secondary students using a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1. For teaching science concepts, three teaching models were found more effective; cognitive conflict teaching model, generative teaching model and discovery teaching model. 2. For teaching inquiry skills, two teaching models were found more effective; learning cycle teaching model and hypothesis verification teaching model. 3. For teaching scientific attitudes, two teaching models were found more effective; learning cycle teaching models and discovery teaching model. Each teaching model requires specific learning environment. It is strongly suggested that teachers should select a suitable teaching model carefully after evaluating the learning environment including teacher and student variables, learning objectives and curricular materials.

• 품질경영학회지
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.573-588
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study presents a research approach that utilizes deep reinforcement learning to construct optimal portfolios based on the business cycle for stocks and other assets. The objective is to develop effective investment strategies that adapt to the varying returns of assets in accordance with the business cycle. Methods: In this study, a diverse set of time series data, including stocks, is collected and utilized to train a deep reinforcement learning model. The proposed approach optimizes asset allocation based on the business cycle, particularly by gathering data for different states such as prosperity, recession, depression, and recovery and constructing portfolios optimized for each phase. Results: Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed deep reinforcement learning-based approach in constructing optimal portfolios tailored to the business cycle. The utility of optimizing portfolio investment strategies for each phase of the business cycle is demonstrated. Conclusion: This paper contributes to the construction of optimal portfolios based on the business cycle using a deep reinforcement learning approach, providing investors with effective investment strategies that simultaneously seek stability and profitability. As a result, investors can adopt stable and profitable investment strategies that adapt to business cycle volatility.

• 의학교육논단
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to introduce the concepts of experiential learning and the Kolb's model, and to review some applications of experiential learning theory in graduate medical education. The published literature on GME and education for general practitioners applying the experiential theory and the Kolb's model was reviewed. Experience learning defined the cyclical learning process which emphasizes the learners' reflective thinking of the learners' concrete experiences and their active participation in continuous learning actives. Kolb includes this 'cycle of learning' as a central principle in his experiential learning theory. This is typically expressed as a four-stage cycle of learning. Kolb's cycle moves through concrete experience(CE), reflective observation(RO), abstract conceptualization(AC) and active experimentation(AE). Components of continuing education of the adult learner were based on autonomy, context of learning, and competence and performance as educational objectives. Some strategies for graduate medical education were reflective thinking, self-directed learning, morning reporting and feedback with peer review, etc. Opportunities for learning from experience in practical life can be made to enhance reflective thinking and performance of practitioners. Strategies to develop reflective practice among physicians should be explored by further research.

• 융합보안논문지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2024

현행 개인정보 라이프 사이클 모델은 전통적인 시스템에 맞추어져 있어서 인공지능의 개인정보 흐름 파악과 효율적인 보호 대책 수립에 적합하지 않은 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 인공지능에 적합한 개인정보 라이프사이클 모델을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 논문은 수집-보유-학습-이용-파기·정지 단계와 파기·정지를 위한 재학습 프로세스가 포함된 인공지능의 학습 특성을 고려한 개인정보 라이프 사이클 모델을 제시했다. 이후 기존 모델(개인정보 영향평가와 ISMS-P 모델)과 본 논문에서 새로 제시한 모델의 성능을 평가했다. 이를 통해 새로 제안한 모델이 기존 모델보다 인공지능의 개인정보 라이프 사이클의 설명에 우수한 특성을 가지고 있음을 증명했다.