• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2004

공시된 세 품종의 고추에 대한 단기간의 오존 처리로 잎에서 나타나는 전형적인 증상은 갈색의 괴사 반응이었으며, 괴사가 심했던 오존 감수성인 다보탑과 같은 농도에서 괴사가 전혀 없었던 부촌 품종을 오존 저항성 품종으로 판단되었다. 고추의 두 품종에서 오존 처리에 의해 광합성 및 기공 전도도 등의 생리생태적 저해가 뚜렷이 나타났다. 그러나 잎에서 가시피해의 정도와 생리생태적 저해 정도와의 상호 연관성으로 고추에서의 오존 저항성 기작을 설명하고자 하였으나 생리생태적 반응으로 잎에서 발생하는 오존 저항성의 기작을 설명할 수 없었다. 다만, 고추에서 오존 처리에 의한 광합성 감소는 뚜렷한 기공전도도 감소와 명반응에서 광합성 기구들의 손상에 기인한다고 여겨진다. 그러나, 암반응에서 생화학적 반응을 설명할 수 있는 A-Ci curve 상에서는 오존 처리에 따른 효과를 찾을 수 없었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2003

This study was conducted to classify photosynthesis rate and changes of rutin content of Korean buckwheat (cv. Chunchon-jaerae and Yangjeul-memil) treated with salinity, UV-C and low temperature. In case of cv. Chunchon-jaerae and Yangjeul-memil, according to the salt stress, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rate were decreased. Both cultivars also showed decrease of transpiration rate and photosynthesis rate under the UV-C. Rutin contents within leaf and stem of cv. Yangjeul-memil were decreased when NaCl concentration was high. Rutin contents within leaf and stem of cv. Yangjeul-memil were generally decreased when the time laps under the UV-C stress. Rutin contents within leaf and stem of cv. Chunchon-jaerae was also generally decreased when the time laps under the low temperature stress.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제105권3호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2016

겨울철 제설제로 사용하는 염화칼슘에 의한 3년생 벚나무 잎의 가스교환 및 기공반응에 대해 알아보기 위해 개엽 전 염화칼슘 0.5%, 1.0%, 3.0% 수용액을 2회(1 L) 근권부에 처리하였다. 염화칼슘 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 벚나무의 기공전도도($g_s$), 광합성율($P_n$), 증산율($T_r$), 그리고 수분이용효율(WUE)은 감소하였다. 염화칼슘 처리에 의해 기공전도도와 광합성율이 감소하였음에도 불구하고 엽육세포 내 $CO_2$ 농도($C_i$)가 대조구와 비슷하거나 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기공제한 뿐만 아니라 비기공제한 요인도 함께 광합성율의 감소를 야기하였다는 것을 의미한다. 한편, 벚나무의 개엽 전 염화칼슘 처리는 잎의 형태적 특징에도 영향을 주었다. 염분농도가 증가할수록 기공의 길이가 작아지고 기공밀도가 높게 나타났으며 잎의 크기가 작아졌는데, 이는 식물체 내 수분손실을 줄이기 위한 적응기작으로 판단된다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2012

To clarify the effects of black carbon (BC) particles on growth and gas exchange rates of Asian forest tree species, the seedlings of Fagus crenata, Castanopsis sieboldii, Larix kaempferi and Cryptomeria japonica were exposed to BC particles with sub-micron size for two growing seasons from 1 June 2009 to 11 November 2010. The BC particles deposited after the exposure to BC were observed on the foliar surface of the 4 tree species. At the end of the experiment, the amount of BC accumulated on the foliar surface after the exposure to BC aerosols were 0.13, 0.69, 0.32 and 0.58 mg C $m^{-2}$ total leaf area in F. crenata, C. sieboldii, L. kaempferi and C. japonica seedlings, respectively. In August 2010, the exposure to BC particles did not significantly affect net photosynthetic rate under any light intensity, stomatal diffusive conductance to water vapour ($g_s$), stomatal limitation of photosynthesis, response of $g_s$ to increase in vapour pressure deficit and leaf temperature under light saturated condition in the leaves or needles of the seedlings. These results suggest that the BC particles deposited on the foliar surface did not reduce net photosynthesis by shading, did not increase leaf temperature by absorption of irradiation light, and did not induce plugging of stomata in the leaves or needles of the seedlings. There were no significant effects of BC particles on the increments of plant height and stem base diameter during the experimental period and the whole-plant dry mass at the end of the experiment. These results indicate that the exposure to BC particles with sub-micron size for two growing seasons did not significantly affect the growth and leaf or needle gas exchange rates of F. crenata, C. sieboldii, L. kaempferi and C. japonica seedlings.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.241-241
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• 2017

Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) LAMK.,) have been cultivated in Central and South America for about 2000 years and are now grown mainly in Asia and South America. Sweet potatoes are annual in the temperate region, but are classified as perennial in the tropical region. In 2000, the cultivation area of sweet potatoes decreased to about 16,000 ha in 2000, but the cultivation area increased slightly in recent 20,000 ha in Korea. Sweet potatoes do not show higher maximum dry matter production of 120 ~ 150g per plant, and the leaf area index (LAI), which maximizes dry matter production, is known as 3.0 ~ 4.0. As the leaf area increase, the penetration of light into the canopy becomes poor, and sufficient photosynthesis cannot be achieved in the lower leaves, on the other hand the respiration increase, which results in poor dry matter production. This study was conducted to know the responses of sweet potatoes to intensive shading treatment of 80% shading. This experiment was conducted for about 42 days from September 6, 2016 to October 18, 2016 at Gyeongsang National University Experimental Farm, Jinju, Korea. The plant canopy was shaded with black nylon 80% shade cloth suspended 1.2 m above the ground. The photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, SPAD and NDVI were measured in 3 replicates every 7 days after shading initiation. After the fresh weight was measured, the samples were dried at $80^{\circ}C$ in a dry oven and measured. By the 80% shading treatment, chlorophyll fluorescence of the treated plants was slightly higher than that of the control, the SPAD value was higher by 3.4 and NDVI value was higher by 0.01. However, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were lower than those of the control. The stomatal conductance of the control were two times higher than those of the control and the photosynthetic rate of the control was four times higher than that of the control. In control, plant showed a tendency to steadily increase in fresh weight and dry weight. However, in the case of shading treatment, the tendency to increase in the fresh and dry weight of tuberous roots was not clear. The fresh weight of shoot showed a tendency to increase steadily while the difference between treatment and control was not large, but tended to decrease after frost.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2011

열대작물인 자트로파의 염과 가뭄 스트레스에 따른 생리적 반응과 유전자 발현의 연구를 통해 바이오에너지 작물로서의 기초적 자료를 얻고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1. $100{\cdot}200{\cdot}300$ mM NaCl의 염 스트레스와 $5{\cdot}10{\cdot}20{\cdot}30$% PEG의 가뭄 스트레스를 처리하여 잎의 생장, 기공의 전도도, 엽록소 형광, 전해질 유출량을 조사하였다. 자트로파의 잎의 생장, 기공의 전도도, 엽록소 형광, 전해질 유출량을 통한 생육조사 결과 가뭄 스트레스 보다 염 스트레스에서 더 많은 피해를 입었다. 2. 수분 수송과 관련된 아쿠아포린 중에서 JcPIP2가 뿌리, 줄기, 떡잎 그리고 잎에서 모두 고르게 발현하고 있음을 확인하였다. 잎의 JcPIP2는 대조구와 가뭄 스트레스 처리구에서 모두 발현하는 반면, 200 300 mM NaCl 처리구에서는 잎에서 발현하지 않았다. 3. 염과 가뭄 스트레스에서 JcPIP2가 상반되는 반응을 보이는 것은 JcPIP2가 염 스트레스 관련 주요 내재 단백질과 같은 기능을 하는 것으로 판단된다. 4. 자트로파는 염 스트레스보다 가뭄 스트레스에 더 내성을 보이므로 간척지보다는 가뭄지역에서 재배하는 것이 더 유리할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2017

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology has been suggested as an ultimate strategy for mitigating climate change. However, potential leakage of $CO_2$ from the CCS facilities could lead to serious damage to environment. Plants can be a bio-indicator for $CO_2$ leakage as a cost-effective way, although plants' responses vary with plant species. In this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the relation between the $CO_2$ tolerance of corn species and the initial physiological responses to the elevated soil $CO_2$ concentration. Treatment groups included CI (99.99% $CO_2$ gas injection) and BI (no gas injection). Mean soil $CO_2$ concentration for the CI treatment was 19.5~39.4%, and mean $O_2$ concentration was 6.6~18.4%. The soil gas concentrations in the BI treatment were at the ambient levels. In the CI treatment, chlorophyll content was not decreased until the $13^{th}$ day of the $CO_2$ injection. On the $15^{th}$ day, leaf starch content and stomatal conductance were increased by 89% and 25% in the CI treatment compared to the BI treatment, respectively. This might be due to the compensatory reaction of corn to avoid high soil $CO_2$ stress. However, the prolonged $CO_2$ injection decreased chlorophyll content after 13 days. After $CO_2$ injection, plant biomass was reduced by 25% in the CI treatment compared to the BI treatment. Due to the inhibited root growth, leaf phosphorous and potassium contents were decreased by 54% on average in the CI treatment. This study indicates that corn has a high tolerance to soil $CO_2$ concentration of 30% for 2 weeks by its compensatory reactions such as an maintenance of chlorophyll content and an increase in stomatal conductance.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제105권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2016

본 연구는 수요가 증가되고 있는 산채인 갯기름나물을 대상으로 임간재배지 내 차광과 부엽토가 갯기름나물의 생장 및 광합성 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 보다 고품질의 갯기름나물을 생산하는 것뿐만 아니라 생산량 증대 및 친환경 재배기술 개발에 이바지하고자 하였다. 실험은 전광 및 35%, 50%, 75% 차광으로 총 4차광처리와 부엽토처리(대조구, 침엽부엽토, 활엽부엽토)를 하였다. 초장, 줄기직경, 근원직경, 줄기수, 건중량은 전광 내 활엽부엽토에서 가장 높았으며, 엽면적, 엽장, 엽폭은 35% 차광 내 활엽부엽토에서 가장 높았다. 광합성, 기공전도도, 증산율, 수분이용효율은 전광 내 활엽부엽토에서 가장 높았다. 특히, 광합성률은 모든 차광에서 활엽부엽토가 높게 조사되었으며, 차광률이 높아질수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 갯기름나물을 친환경적으로 재배하기 위해서는 임간재배에서 35% 차광(상대광도 51.1%) 후 활엽부엽토를 이용하는 것이 가장 좋은 생장을 보여 생산량 증대와 고품질 갯기름나물의 생산에 가장 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2010

절화 장미의 수분관계와 노화반응에 대한 용기내 수온과 엽수의 효과를 조사하였다. 신선한 상태로 수확된 'Red Sandra' 장미의 줄기는 상위엽 2매 또는 4매와 함께 길이 50cm로 정리되었다. 절화는 상온증류수($23^{\circ}C$; AT-DW), 저온증류수 ($7^{\circ}C$; LT-DW), 또는 저온보존용액(LT-PW)이 포함된 용기에 침지된 상태로 환경제어실에서 유지되었다. 처리간의 효과는 절화수명, 화경, 생체중 및 수분흡수량의 변화에 의하여 평가되었다. 수분관계에 있어서 차이는 $CO_2$동화율, 기공전도, 그리고 줄기수분유속(SFR)을 측정함으로써 판단되었다. 수분흡수율은 LT-DW 장미에서 현저하게 증가되었고, LT-PW 장미에서 감소되었다. LT-PW 장미는 실험기간 동안 낮은 용액흡수량을 보였음에도 불구하고, 높은 생체중, 가장 긴 정의 수분균형기간, 그리고 가장 큰 화경을 나타냈다. 2매엽의 장미는 높은 생체중과 향상된 수분 균형을 유지한 결과로 절화수명이 연장되었다. $CO_2$동화율과 기공전도도는 LT-PW에 유지함으로써 현저하게 감소되었고, 엽수의 감소에 의하여 증가되었다. AT-DW장미의 경우, 줄기상부에 비하여 줄기하부의 SFR이 낮았으나, LT-DW 장미는 줄기하부의 SFR이 훨씬 컸다. 이것은 저온수가 줄기내의 수분전도율을 향상시킨다는 것을 나타낸다. 반면, LT-PW 장미는 실험기간 동안 안정된 SFR을 유지하였고, 줄기상부와 줄기하부에서 유사한 SFR 패턴을 나타냈다. 결과적으로 LT-PW와 LT-DW장미는 AT-DW 장미에 비하여 절화수명이 각각 8일과 4일 이상 연장되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.110-118
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• 2016

We compared germination efficiency for somatic embryos (SE) of Liriodendron tulipifera using semi-solid (SS), temporary immersion bioreactors (TIB), and continuous immersion bioreactors (CIB) to produce vigorous plants. The bioreactors were designed to be immersed in liquid media with plantlets with an adjustable immersion time. TIB and CIB improved germination rates up to 80.86% and 95.21%, respectively, however, CIB produced more hyperhydric plantlets than TIB. The height of plantlets in TIB was significantly higher than for those in CIB. Fresh weights of plantlets grown in CIB of were significantly lower than for those grown in TIB. The lowest chlorophyll concentration was found in in vitro plantlets from CIB. We examined abnormally developed leaves, stems, and apical zones of in vitro plantlets that were produced in CIB. Among the three types, SS showed the highest stomatal density and the shortest stomatal length in in vitro plantlets. After acclimatization, plants from CIB exhibited the lowest values in biomass, such as height, root collar diameter, leaf fresh weight, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, petiole diameter, and leaf area. Photosynthesis and transpiration rates of ex vitro plants were not significantly different among the three culture types, but stomatal conductance was higher in TIB than in the SS and CIB. Therefore, the results suggest that TIB is the preferable bioreactor to improve in vitro plantlet regeneration of L. tulipifera. TIB-originated plants showed higher growth rate than SS and CIB after transferring to soil.