• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.441-474
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• 2011

This purpose of this study is to examine the relationships of ethical leader and ethics management system with employees's organizational citizenship behavior and the mechanism underlying these relationships. A questionnaire survey was conducted involving 1,035 full-time employees from large and medium industries in Daegu and Gyeong-buk provinces. Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that both of ethical leader and ethics management system were positively related with employees's organizational citizenship behavior. As expected, these relationships were mediated by organization-oriented ethical climate and social responsibility-oriented ethical climate respectively. The findings of this study are as followings: First, employees tend to show their pro-social behavior when they perceive their leaders act ethically and ethics management is well institutionalized. Second, building up the organization-oriented ethical climate and social responsibility-oriented ethical climate can be a powerful strategy to enhance employees's organizational citizenship behavior.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.59-66
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• 2016

Purpose - This study has its purpose to identify the correlation between factors and moderating variables that can reduce job burnout by setting a positive relationship with a leader and ethicality of the leader as factors reducing job burnout and helping behavior as a moderating variable. Research design, data, and methodology - The research design would make theoretical perceived ethical leadership and LMX toward helping assistance, and job burnout using by structural equation method. Results - As a result, both positive behaviors and recognition on ethical leadership of a leader have been confirmed to influence on mitigation of job burnout. Especially, among the two factors, ethicality has shown to be more efficient to alleviate exhaust compared with positive behavior of a leader. Conclusions - Theoretical perceived ethical leadership and LMX toward a leader, helping assistance, and job burnout are statistically significant, however, the helping behavior of members is the factor increasing a job burnout. These results can be interpreted as the difficulties of relation setting with the members for the leader, and although loyalty and responsibility toward right leader may induce helping behavior, and positive behavior for organization can impact on the job burnout. It can be concluded that the ethicality of a leader is an essential factor for the development of organization.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2021

The modern pentathlon is an exercise in which people and people compete, as well as exercise without equipment, exercise using equipment, and exercise with animals, and it is an exercise that includes static and dynamic exercise. The ethical issues of modern pentathlon athletes are also related to the poor environment and economic reasons, and the athlete's ethical awareness, attitude, and spirit have a great influence on the athlete's mental environment. In this study, the direction of improvement of ethical problems, which are different as important issues in modern sports, was examined, and qualitative research methods were applied to explore the sports spirit and ethics of the modern pentathlon. Correct sports should not deviate from the intended purpose of the exercise or cause or force the athlete to suffer physical or mental pain. In sports, compensatoryism can be a direct cause of improved performance or record-breaking, but sometimes it can also cause distorted athletes. Air doping has ethical issues that can cause controversy over the health or fairness of athletes, mental and physical damage to athletes, and harm. Responsibilities and ethical issues of athletes who take prohibited substances or leaders or supervisors who neglect or encourage them should be treated as very important matters. In the sports field, the reward system that is subordinate to the athlete's or leader's performance is related to the athlete's or leader's livelihood. For a fair and just game progression, it is necessary to break away from the development of athletes who are only focused on performance. The problem of Unethical issues must be overcome by emphasizing the restoration of ethics that are reasonably recognized in ideology and logic.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.68-75
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to search for directions in engineering education development in a knowledge-based society in terms of 'engineering ethics educatio'. Engineering ethics education, having been recognized as an inter-disciplinary research field between engineering and philosophy, is a field that has been a major issue in countries that execute engineering education accreditation. And engineering ethics education has been a peculiar research field focused on EAC(Ethics across the Curriculum). Therefore, this study has deduced several results by critically reviewing the extant EAC-related literatures. First, accomplishments by various researchers that may well quoted as the leader of engineering ethics study and education or the educational achievements of Kanazawa Institute of Technology in Japan are considerably substantial. However, the EAC discussions thus far still raise numerous barriers and unsolved issues. Second, the discussion of EAC thus far comprehends limitations such as a shortage of the recognition of inter-disciplinary study in the field of education and insufficient participation by education majors. Third, the engineering and philosophy field experts who have been leading EAC discussions have been pursuing integrated education courses either consciously or unconsciously. Fourth, EAC discussions may expand by again illuminating the intent of integrated education courses in terms of 'education and the study of education', and this new facet can be summed up with a new term, EAL, which stands for 'Ethics across the Living.'

• Strategy21
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• s.42
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• pp.293-317
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• 2017

A series of immoral conducts are repeatedly occurring by some commanders and high-ranking officers in the ROK navy. They are seriously compromising not only harmony and solidarity of the organization, but also pride and morale of members of the service. They seem to be results of the fragile ethical background of the service as well as of failures in military education and training on ethics. This paper sees backgrounds of weak ethical foundations of the navy as follows: the enduring legacies of cultural factors, such as the toxic military culture of the Japanese colonization, dark side of mariners' traditions, the sea-aversive Confucian culture, and unique characteristics in any small organization or society, etc... This paper also suggests the current ethnic systems of the navy are primarily based on responsive measures against misdeeds, rather than fundamental prescriptions for immoral behaviors, in the absence of ethical instrument for warriors. The paper also emphasizes the importance of developing character-based leadership, founded on, above all, respects for human integrity and strong sense of honor. Moreover, the importance of accountability in charging the command, as advocated by the US navy, is also stressed in order to establish a more robust ethic ground within the navy. Based on these analyses, the author proposes that in order to become a stronger and healthier fighting force, the navy needs to make continuous command efforts and organizational innovations to improve ethic principle and moral standard of the service, to strengthen ethics of naval leaders by a robust system of ethical education and training programs, and ultimately to solidify a navy culture in which moral passions and energies are spreading over.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.4
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• pp.45-82
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• 2006

This paper seeks to search for wisdoms that may be applied to modern leadership through Tasan Jeong Yakyong's ideology, ShilHak, from the Chosun Dynasty. The present period is referred as the period of transformation and innovation or the period of knowledge information The leadership appropriate for the current period is thus called revolutionary leadership. This leadership accomplishes its goals by influencing the constituent's values, ethics, behavioral norms, and visions based on the leader's moral values, knowledge, and information. Thus, the essence of this paper is in acquiring wisdoms of leadership by company revolutionary leadership with Tasan's life. Tasan pursued change and innovation in a time where Chosun was in a state of decay by following the flow of world powers towards the concept of studying truth based upon facts such as changing the system of thought, reforming legislation, and developing technology. Moreover, he gave courage and hope to the people by demonstrating such leadership in practice. In addition, despite false accusations and spending 18 years in exile, he showed revolutionary life as an active intellectual by leaving 542 volumes of writing through his 'value innovation' that he "pursue things only for the people and the state." Consequently, the paper first deals with what kind of leadership is required for a leader in the position of a general and examines the kind of leadership capacity demanded. Subsequently, Tasan 's revolutionary life and hints of leadership messages in MokMinSimSuh are examined. Thus, this paper is centered upon the leadership of generals regarding how MokMinShimSuh may be applicable to modern leadership.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.63-73
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• 2011

The relationship between buyers and sellers is changing into a long-term relationship. A number of distribution channel researchers have determined that the behavior of distribution channel members can be characterized by relational exchanges. The members of relational distribution channels may be perceived as strategic partners; however, even within these arrangements, member asymmetries may exist, which can create unequal distributions of power and dependence. Thus, as all distribution channel members may not be equal in power, it is possible that a less-dependent channel leader may emerge. Therefore, leadership in distribution channels is a very important variable. Distribution channel leadership can be defined as the activities undertaken by the distribution channel leader to influence the marketing programs and strategies of channel members. A distribution channel's performance is influenced by the leadership style of the channel leader. Although research on channel leadership styles can be broadly categorized, many researchers have dealt with analyzing distribution channel leadership by using the power-influence approach, which includes looking at variables, such as power, power base, and influence strategies. Moreover, they have examined the direct relationship between leadership styles and performance. Many distribution channel scholars have attempted to justify the application of leadership styles identified in alternative leadership theories to the inter-organizational context of distribution channels. They have made suggestions regarding how great the usefulness of leadership style as a strategy is to secure the compliance of distribution channel members and have conceptually and empirically linked it to channel-related phenomena, such as manifest conflict, cooperation, channel efficiency, and effectiveness. However, as few empirical studies have examined the antecedents and consequences of leadership styles, research on leadership style can be considered nascent. Thus, it is required to investigate the antecedents and consequences of the leadership style of a distribution channel leader. This study aims to empirically identify whether there are influences of the antecedents of leadership on two different leadership styles, and to reveal whether these leadership styles induce any consequences. The research subjects were 220 franchisees. Research findings are as follows: First, the results show a positive effect of technological capability on transformational relationships. However, it does not have a significant effect on transactional leadership. Second, innovation-oriented organizational culture has negatively influenced both leaderships. However, task-oriented organizational culture positively and significantly influenced both forms of leadership. Third, the ethics of leaders has influenced both leadership styles positively and significantly. Fourth, regarding consequences, transformational leadership strengthens financial performances, whereas it weakens relational citizenship behaviors. However, transactional leadership positively influences relational citizenship behavior whilst negatively affecting financial performance.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.177-196
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze priorities of competencies and to find the direction of development of teacher librarian training and retraining program. A total of 238 subjects were used for the final analysis. They were analayzed using IPA, Borich's needs analysis and the Locus for Focus model. As a result, First, teacher librarians perceived that the importance and performance of teacher and manager competency were higher than information specialist and cooperative leader. Second, they needed competencies of data-science, coding, Internet of Things in the field of information specialist as changing educational environment. Third, they needed competencies of information ethics, copyright instruction, and digital and media literacy education in the field of teacher. Fourth, they needed competencies of facility designing for future education, online and offline school library marketing skills, and establishment of makerspaces and learning commons in the field of ibrary manager. Fifth, they needed competencies of library based instruction, library cooperative instruction, and building a collection related to subject in the field of cooperative leader. Sixth, the highest required competency for teacher librarians was suggested for teacher librarians' role area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.548-559
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• 2019

Today, companies are enhancing their management transparency by implementing a variety of methods such as adopting a Code of Business Ethics to achieve sustainable management that enables long-term, stable development in a rapidly changing business environment. Management's ethical leadership is the core competence of human capital to secure competitive advantage in any enterprise. This study examined the effect of ethical leadership on employees' turnover intention and the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' turnover intention. The study data were collected from a survey of 304 employees of Seoul and Gyeonggi-based companies from March 6 to March 27, 2019. SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 were used for data analysis. From the analysis results, first, the leader's ethical leadership has a statistically significant impact on empowerment. Second, the management's ethical leadership has a significant negative influence on employees' turnover intention. Third, empowerment has a negative effect on employees' turnover intention. Fourth, empowerment has a mediating effect on the relationship between the management's ethical leadership and employees' turnover intention.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

A newly-structured Korean pharmacist license exam has been launched in 2015, reflecting upon the changes in the pharmacy curriculum from a 4 year program to a 6 year program in 2009. In order to provide new ideas to ensure that the new exam is one of the most effective pharmacist evaluations that have taken place thus far, this study was done to compare the pharmacy exams in Korea and Canada. One of the major differences noted between the two countries' exams is that along with paper based MCQ portion of the exam, Canada's exam also includes a performance-based section, known as OSCE, which the Korean Pharmacy Exam (KPE) does not have. Furthermore, with the MCQ portion of the exam, the Canadian exam asks about 300 questions, with 450 minutes of test time allocated and taken during a period of two consecutive days, the KPE asks 350 questions, with 325 minutes of test time allocated in one day. Although, similarly, many of the questions in both exams place emphasis on clinical or patient care, Canada's exam puts significantly more emphasis (50.5% of exam questions) on these types of questions than Korea (29.7% of exam questions). However, this percentage does not reflect the exact weight placed for the specific areas of knowledge it requires to answer these questions, since the types of questions asked in this section in Canada could be placed in another section on the KPE. Canada's exam also has more questions (10% +150 questions for BC) on the topics of law and ethics compared to the KPE (5.7%). The reason for this may be that the Canadian society puts emphasis on the legal and ethical duties of pharmacists as a leader. However, since each country is unique in their social, economical, and cultural points of view, comparing the KPE to the Canadian licensing exam and applying these differences to the new KPE may not be appropriate. One last thing to consider is that, as WHO/FIP mentioned, in good pharmacy practice, continually updating and developing an appropriate pharmacy exam with consideration of societal changes, is key to success in developing the scope of practice for current and future pharmacists.