• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2004

The inelastic lateral-distortional buckling of doubly-symmetric hot-rolled I-section beam-columns subjected to a concentric axial force and uniform bending with elastic restraint which produce single curvature is investigated in this paper. The numerical model adopted in this paper is an energy-based method which leads to the incremental and iterative solution of a fourth-order eigenproblem, with very rapid solutions being obtained. The elastic restraint considered in this paper is full restraint against translation, but torsional restraint is permitted at the tension flange. Hitherto, a numerical method to analyse the elastic and inelastic lateral-distortional buckling of restrained or unrestrained beam-columns is unavailable. The prediction of the inelastic lateral-distortional buckling load obtained in this study is compared with the inelastic lateral-distortional buckling of restrained beams and the inelastic lateral-torsional buckling solution, by suppressing the out-of-plane web distortion, is published elsewhere and they agree reasonable well. The method is then extended to the lateral-distortional buckling of continuously restrained doubly symmetric I-sections to illustrate the effect of web distortion.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.21 no.2 s.34
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• pp.367-397
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• 1991

This study was aimed to investigate the occlusal plane inclination in relation to the skeletal and dental assessment measurements in order to provide a reference in orthodontic treatment planning as the occlusal plane should be reconstructed orthodontically or gnathologically. The sample consisted of 73 normal occlusions and 113 malocclusions of adults. The computerized statistical analysis of 38 occlusal plane's and 29 skeletal and dental measurements were carried out with SPSS. The conclusions were as follows; 1 In normal occlusion, COP-NaPog was average $83.63^{\circ}$ (2.44) and occlusal plane inclination had a strong negative correlation with SNB and FH-NaPog. 2. In normal occlusion, ArANS plane was nearly parallel to the occlusal plane. 3. In malocclusion, the larger the mandibular plane angle and the shorter the ramus height was, the more downward the occlusal plane had a tendency to tip anteriorly. 4. Occlusal plane was more horizontal in deep bite group, while it was steeper in openbite group. 5. The curve of Spee was severe in deep bite group but in openbite group mandibular occlusal plane showed average reverse curvature, where it was found that the configuration of the occlusal plane contributed to the excess or deficiency of anterior overbite.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.5 s.70
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• pp.865-875
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the angle formed by the Sella-Nasion(SN) plane and Frankfort-Horizontal(FH) plane and evaluate the correlation and difference of the FH plane to other horizontal reference planes. Through this study we hope to present a basis for selecting a horizontal reference plae which can be implemented in cephalometric studies and in surgical orthodontic treatment planning. 600 subjects were chosen following a clinical examination md lateral cephlometric X-rays were taken. According to cephalometric analysis the subjects were classified into 3 groups , Skeletal Class I malocclusion or normal occlusion group(male 50, female 50), Skeletal Class II malocclusion group(male 50, female 65) and Skeletal Class III malocclusion group(male 50, female 50). The results were as follows. 1. The angle formed by the SN plane and FH plane showed no difference among the malocclusion groups, but there was a significant sex difference. For males the angle measured was $7.47^{\circ}{\pm}2.40^{\circ}$ whereas for females it was $8.93^{\circ}{\pm}2.72^{\circ}$. 2. The angle formed by the SN plane or FH plane and Mandibular plane was higher in females for all malocclusion groups. This angle in the Skeletal Class I malocclusion group was lower than in the other two groups. 3. There was no difference among the sexes or malocclusion groups considering the angle formed by the FH plane and Palatal plane. 4. The genial angle in the Skeletal Class III malocclusion group was higher than in the Skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion groups in both sexes.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

A novel computational integral imaging technique with enhanced depth sensitivity is proposed. For each lateral position at a given depth plane, the dissimilarity between corresponding pixels of the elemental images is measured and used as a suppressing factor for that position. The intensity values are aggregated to determine the correct depth plane of each plane object. The experimental and simulation results show that the reconstructed depth image on the incorrect depth plane is effectively suppressed, and that the depth image on the correct depth plane is reconstructed clearly without any noise. The correct depth plane is also exactly determined.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 2002

The longitudinal and lateral in-plane vibrations of an axially moving membrane are investigated when the membrane has translating acceleration. By extended Hamilton's principle, the governing equations are derived. The equations of motion for the in-plane vibrations are linear and coupled. These equations are discretized by using the Galerkin approximation method after they are transformed into the variational equations, j.e., the weak forms so that the admissible functions can be used for the bases of the in-plane deflections. With the discretized equations for the in-plane vibrations, the natural frequencies and the time histories of the deflections are obtained.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.423-434
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• 2011

Tongwamen Bridge is a critical link between Dongmen Island and the land in Shipu town, Zhejiang province, China. It is a 238 m span, half-through, concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) X-type arch bridge. The width of the deck is only 10 m, yielding a width-to-span ratio of 1/23.8. The plane truss type section rib was adopted, which made of two CFST chords and web member system. The lateral stability is the key issue to this bridge. However, the existing researches on Tongwamen Bridge's lateral stability are all the deterministic structural analysis. In this paper, a new strategy for positioning sampling points of the response surface method (RSM), based on the composite method combining RSM with geometric method for structural reliability analysis, is employed to obtain the reliability index of lateral stability. In addition the correlated parameters were discussed in detail to find the major factors. According to the analysis results, increasing the stiff of lateral braces between the arch ribs and setting the proper inward-incline degree of the arch rib can enhance obviously the reliability of lateral stability. Moreover, the deck action of non-orienting force is less than the two factors above. The calculated results indicate that the arch ribs are safe enough to keep excellent stability, and it provides the foundation that the plane truss rib would be a competitive solution for a long-span, narrow, CFST arch bridge.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 2008

Purpose: Although nasal fractures are often discussed as minor injuries but the incidence of post-traumatic nasal deformity remains high. For decrease the incidence of post-traumatic nasal deformity which require the guideline to optimize the management of acute nasal bone fracture. The aim of this study is analysis of post-traumatic nasal deformity according to Stranc classification. Method: We reviewed 310 patients with nasal bone fracture treated at our hospital from January of 2005 to December of 2006. Result: Post-traumatic complication were divided septal deviation, nasal bone deformity, temporary hyposmia and synechia. Nasal bone deformity include nasal bone deviation, hump, flat nose and minimal nasal bone irregularity. The incidence of total complication rate was 36.4%. The most common complication was nasal deformity(22.9%) followed by septal deviation(19.7%). The most common complication was septal deviation(20%) in frontal impact. The most common complication was nasal deformity(19.5%) in lateral impact. In frontal impact, the incidence of complication rate was plane II(68.8%) followed by plane I(29.9%) and plane III(16.7%). In lateral impact, the incidence of complication rate was plane II (78.8%) followed by plane III(61.5%) and plane I(42.7%). Conclusion: This result can be used to improve longterm results and to reduce the incidence of post-traumatic nasal deformity by predict complication of nasal bone fracture according to Stranc classification.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

The bi-plane cerebrovascular angiography radiation is done the radiation exposure at the forward and lateral direction as opposed to the one of the source. So, the exposure dose of radiation workers increases further. Therefore, the medical diagnostic radiation workers as well as patients is interested to ways to reduce the dose. The exposure dose of cerebral angiography and interventional radiology must be considered the primary radiation of X-ray tube directly, scattered primary radiation between lateral tube and lateral detector and relatively small secondary scatter radiation in the walls of room. The aim of study is that the exposure dose of primary and scatter radiation reduce as much as possible to install protection device of lateral protection than common shielding of table and ceiling. As a result, the dose of fluoroscopy was reduced approximately 3.64 times the gonads, thyroid approximately 3.13 times, 4.42 times around eyes. And the dose of DSA was reduced approximately 4.98 times the gonads, thyroid approximately 3.00 times, 1.67 times around eyes. Consequently, medical practitioners can be helpful for radiation dose-exposure for the lateral protection of bi-plane cerebrovascular angiography more than the common shield method in cerebrovascular angiography and interventional radiological procedures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.115-122
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• 2018

The success of the total hip arthroplasty is revealed as initial stability, range of motion, and long term pain, etc. Depending upon choice of implantation options such as femoral neck offset, diameter of the femoral head, the lateral opening tilt. Especially the impingement between femoral head component and acetabular cup limits the range of motion of the hip. In this sense, estimation or evaluation of the range of motion before and after the total hip arthroplasty is important. This study provides the details of a computer simulation technique for the hip range of motion of intact hip as well as arthroplasty. The suggested method defines the hip rotation center and rotation axes for flexion and abduction, respectively. The simulation uses CT-based reconstructed 3D models and an STL treating software. The abduction angle of the hip is defined as the superolateral rotation angle from sagittal plane. The flexion angle of the hip is defined as the superoanterior angle from the coronal plane. The maximum abduction angle is found as the maximum rotation angle by which the femoral head can rotate superolaterally about the anterior-posterior axis without impingement. The maximum flexion angle is found as the maximum rotation angle by which the femoral head can rotate superoanteriorly about the medial-lateral axis without impingement. Compared to the normal hip, the total hip replacement hip showed decreased abduction by 60 degrees and decreased flexion by 4 degrees. This measured value implies that the proposed measurement technique can make surgeons find a modification of increase in the femoral neck offset or femoral head, to secure larger range of motion.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the initial lateral cephalometric characteristics in two groups of patients: those that had mandibular setback surgery only and those that had mandibular setback surgery with advancement genioplasty. Methods: The lateral cephalograms of thirty-one patients were studied. Twenty-one Class III patients (group A) had only madibular setback surgery Twelve Class III patients (group B) had mandibular setback surgery with advancement genioplasty. Results: Differences between two groups were found in N-Me, ANS-Me, Occlusal Plane angle, Palatal Plane to U1, Mandibular Plane to L1, Mandibular Plane to L6, SN to U1, Sn-Stms, and Pog' projection. Compared to group A, group B showed more linguoversion and extrusion of upper incisors, more extrusion of lower incisors and lower first molar, and more steepness of the occlusal plane. N-Me, ANS-Me, and Sn-Stms were also longer in group B. But Pog' projection was shorter than group A. Conclusion: We conclude that certain initial lateral cephalometric characteristics may help indicate the inclusion of advancement genioplasty when mandibular setback surgery is planned in skeletal Class III patients.