• Title/Summary/Keyword: Large intestine

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Characterization of Edible Pork By-products by Means of Yield and Nutritional Composition

  • Seong, Pil Nam;Park, Kuyng Mi;Cho, Soo Hyun;Kang, Sun Moon;Kang, Geun Ho;Park, Beom Young;Moon, Sung Sil;Ba, Hoa Van
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.297-306
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    • 2014
  • Basic information regarding the yield and nutritional composition of edible pork by-products, namely heart, liver, lung, stomach, spleen, uterus, pancreas, and small and large intestines, was studied. Our results revealed that the yields varied widely among the pork by-products examined; in particular, liver had the highest yield (1.35%); whereas, spleen had the lowest yield (0.16%). The approximate composition range (minimum to maximum) of these by-products was found to be: moisture 71.59-82.48%; fat 0.28-19.54%; ash 0.155-1.34%, and protein 8.45-22.05%. The highest protein, vitamin A, B2, B6, and total essential amino acid (EAA) contents were found in liver. Large intestine had the highest fat content and lowest EAA content. Heart had the highest vitamin B1 content, whereas pancreas had the highest niacin and vitamin B3 contents. The concentrations of Fe and Zn were highest in liver and pancreas. Total saturated fatty acids (SFA) levels and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels between the by-products ranged from 43.15-50.48%, and 14.92-30.16%, respectively. Furthermore, with the exception of large intestine, all the by-products showed favorable PUFA/SFA ratios. The study indicated that almost all of the pork by-products examined were good sources of important nutrients, and that these data will be of great importance in the promotion of the consumption of edible pork by-products, as well as their utilization in meat processing.

A Study on Distribution of Heavy Metals in Normal Korean Tissues: Lead, Cadmium and Copper Contents (한국인(韓國人)의 각장기조직중(各臟器組織中)의 미량중금속(微量重金屬) 원소분포(元素分布) : 연(鉛) 카드뮴 및 동(銅)의 함량(含量))

  • Jang, Seong-Gil;Moon, Bynug-Yul;Chung, Kyou-Chull
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.95-110
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    • 1982
  • For the purpose of investigation to identify the quantities of heavy metals contained in the tissues of the Korean people, a series of analyses was conducted with atomic absorption spectrophotometry to measure the amount of lead, cadmium and copper distributed in various tissues, such as brain, liver, kidney, heart, lung, spleen, large intestine, hair, muscle, fat, stomach, costal cartilage, blood and urine, obtained from 30 cadaverous bodies who were believed not exposed to the said heavy metals during their life time either occupationally or therapeutically. 1. Lead content: Inter-individual difference was noted in lead contents in each tissue, vis., the average content of lead in hair was the highest with $14.90{\pm}9.74ppm$. The next was in costal cartilage that contained $5.56{\pm}3.86ppm$. The average contents of lead in liver, kidney and muscle were the lowest in value, showing $1.11{\pm}0.92ppm,\;0.73{\pm}0.48ppm\;and\;0.06{\pm}0.06ppm$, respectively, The lead contents in tissues of children under the age of 10 were significantly lower than those of adults, and the higher values were shown in males than in females in general. The lead contents in most of the tissues such as hair, costal cartilage, kidney, lung, fat, stomach, large intestine, heart, muscle and urine were well correlated with age. 2. Cadmium content: The average content of cadmium in kidney appeared to be the highest of other tissues showing $20.72{\pm}9.82ppm$, and liver came next with the value of $1.17{\pm}0.99ppm$. It was estimated that 83.9% of the total cadmium absorbed into the body was stored in kidney, 4.796 in liver, and the remaining 11.4% was distributed in the rest of the tissues. Cadmium contents in tissues showed difference between both sexes showing higher values in the females than in the males, which was quite contrary to the lead content. Cadmium contents in tissues steadily increased in amount with age, showing a significant correlation with age in all tissues. 3. Copper content: The average content of copper in hair was the highest with $10.36{\pm}2.21ppm$, and liver came next with $6.31{\pm}1.24ppm$. The copper that was absorbed into the body was distributed in each tissue: 29.9% in hair, 18.2% in liver, $5{\sim}11.0%$ in brain, heart and kidney, and $3.0{\sim}3.5%$ in stomach, blood, and lung. The copper contents in tissues of children under the age of 10 showed significantly higher values in liver, kidney, heart and large intestine than those of the adults. The copper contents in brain, costal cartilage and fat were well correlated with age showing the highest correlation coefficient of 0.870 (p<0.01) in brain tissue. There was no difference in copper contents in tissues between both sexes, and the values were, in general, lower than those for Japanese.

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The Gut Content Analysis of Polypedilum scalaenum in the Large-scale Weirs of 4 Major River Ecosystems (4대강 보에 서식하는 삼지창무늬깔따구(Polypedilum scalaenum) 위 내용물 분석)

  • Na, Young-Kwon;Jo, Hyunbin;Park, Jae-Won;Chang, Kwang-Hyeon;Kwak, Ihn-Sil
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2020
  • Chironomidae widely utilize as a biological indicator that has various types of feeding pattern such as omnivorous, herbivorous and carnivorous. Polypedilum scalaenum is known as omnivorous, it plays an important role in the food chain of freshwater ecosystems in Korea. Nevertheless, detailed information about diet items of P. scalaenum is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to identify the gut and intestine contents of items on P. scalaenum inhabiting the large-scale weirs of the four major river ecosystems(Ipoh Weir, Sejong Weir, Juksan Weir, Gangjeong-Goryeong Weir, and Dalseong Weir). Phytoplankton was dominant diet items among the study sites. However, zooplankton (i.e. appendages, setae) only found in Ipoh Weir. The phytoplankton species composition in the study sites was correspond to the diet items in the gut and intestine contents of P. scalaenum. In summary, analysis of P. scalaenum gut and intestine contents in this study was able to identify the feeding characteristics of omnivorous Chironomidae, and in particular, it was possible to study the species composition of basic producers in the surrounding aquatic environment by analyzing the contents of the digestive tracts.

Correlation between Deoxycytidineuria and CdR-aminohydrolase Activity following X-Irradiation (X線照射에 따르는 Deoxycytidineuria와 CdR-aminohydrolase의 活性變化와의 連關性)

  • Man Sik kang;Rhee, Juong-Gile;Cho, Joong-Myung
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.163-172
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    • 1975
  • This work was undertaken to elucidate some aspects of mechanisms underlying the increased deoxycytidineuria following irradiation in the mice, by observing Dische-positive substances liberated from thissues, the activity of CdR-aminohydrolase of tissues and the CdR excreted in the urine at various times after single whole-body exposure to 400 and 800 R of X-rays. The activity of CdR-aminohydrolase declined markedly at 1 hour in the small intestine and liver, followed by a gradual rise reaching a maximum at 3 days after irradiation. In the case of the spleen and blood, however, only a trace of activity was observed in the control and irradiated animals. The amount of Dische-positive substance liberated from the small intestine postirradiation was elevated from 3 to 12 hours, showing a maximum during 6 to 9 hours after irradiation. On the contrary, the activity of the enzyme in the liver, spleen and kidney was less than one twentieth that of the small intestine, suggesting a prediction that these organs are not attributable to the increased deoxycytidineuria. A maximum deoxycytidineuria was exhibited at 9-12 hours period, attributed a large amount of CdR to the small intestine, which might correlate with the change in the CdR-aminohydrolase activity. Radiation-induced CdR seems to be liberated from the small intestine into the blood when the CdR-aminohydrolase activity declines abruptly. Then, the CdR is rapidly subjected to a filtration in the kidney without undergoing a further degradation pathway in the blood.

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Use of Germ-Free Animal Models in Microbiota-Related Research

  • Al-Asmakh, Maha;Zadjali, Fahad
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.25 no.10
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    • pp.1583-1588
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    • 2015
  • The large intestine is a home for trillions of microbiota, which confer many benefits on the host, including production of vitamins, absorption of nutrients, pathogen displacement, and development of the immune system. For several decades, germ-free animals have been used to study the interaction between the host and its microbiota. This minireview describes the technical aspects for establishing and maintaining germ-free animals and highlights the advantages and disadvantages for germ-free animals as experimental models.

Changes in the body temperature of Proprioceptive activity by external stimulation

  • Kim, Eun-Sung;Park, Chang-Ho
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.827-831
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    • 2005
  • Acupuncture and Low-frequency-wave stimulation at the Points (LI4, LI6, LI8 and LI11) on the large intestine meridian of hand resulted in same pattern about body temperature profiles with time. Upon 4Hz and 50Hz stimulation the temperature profiles on LI6 and LI11 were declined probably because of their relationship with Proprioceptive activity. Temperature different at the points was higher when the intensity of low-frequency-wave stimulation was stronger.

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Pathological Observations on Balantidiasis in Pigs (돼지 Balantidiasis의 병리학적 관찰)

  • 문운경;이주홍;김순복
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.44-48
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    • 1990
  • This study was based on 3 necropsies of patients affected with Balantidium coli dysentery from two pig farms. Grossly, the lesions involved the large intestine from cecum to rectum. Many variable-sized ulcers were diffusely scattered on the mucosa of the cecum and the colon which were covered with a necrotic, grayish white, slate black, or black membrane. The mucosa affected reddened and swollen. Microscopically, numerous balantidia penetrated In the mucosa of the colon and there they induced necrosis and desquamation of the epithelial cells, where inflammatory cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells were infiltrated.

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자가구동 대장내시경 개발을 위한 생체내 마찰특성 연구

  • 김영태;권은영;성인하;김대은;김병규
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2004.05a
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    • pp.291-291
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    • 2004
  • 현재 국내에서 꾸준히 증가추세를 보이는 대장관련 질환의 검진과 치료를 위해 대장내시경을 이용한 시술의 빈도가 높아지고 있다. 현재 이용되고 있는 대장내시경은 대부분 구조적으로 굵기는 약 1 cm 이며 길이는 약 1.5 m이다 이러한 내시경은 항문을 통한 삽입이 용이하도록 하기 위해 적당한 유연성과 동시에 축방향의 비교적 큰 Stiffness를 갖고 있으며 최근 개발되고 있는 제품들은 이러한 Stiffness의 조절이 가능하여 삽입이 효과적으로 이루어질 수 있도록 하고 있다.(중략)

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Selective Medium for Isolation and Enumeration of Eubacterium sp.from the Feces of the Korean People (한국인의 분변으로부터 Eubacterium을 분리하기 위한 선택 배지 조사)

  • 지근억
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.443-445
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    • 1994
  • Eubacterium is one of the predominant bacteria in the human large intestine. currently ES (Eubacterium Selective) medium developed by T. Mitsuoka is commonly used as a selective medium. neomycin sulfate which is one of the selective agents of ES medium inhibited about 50% of the growth of Eubacterium isolated, whereas malidixic acid inhibited only 5% while inhibiting other intestinal bacteria. NES medium which replaced neomycin with nalidixic acid in the ES medium was designed and shown to be better for the isolation and enumeration of Eubacterium sp. than ES medium.

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Pharmacological Evaluation of the Glycosidated Phenylpropanoids Containing Fraction from Orobanche crenata

  • El-Shabrawy, O.A.;Melek, F.R.;Ibrahim, M.;Radwan, A.S.
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.22-25
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    • 1989
  • Ethylacetate fraction from Orobanche crenata, contained two phenylpropanoid glycosides, exhibited some pharmacological properties. It was found to be non-toxic to rats in oral doses up to 500mg/100gm body weight. In large doses, it lowered the arterial blood pressure of anaethetised rats, and produced significant analgesic effect in mice and diuretic effect in rats. It further showed smooth muscle relaxant and antispasmodic effects in the isolated rabbit intestine and guinea-pig ileum respectively.

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