• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.757-764
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• 2019

수중에서 빠른 속도로 운동하는 물체 주변에서 감압이 발생하며, 이로 인해 공동 핵이 팽창함으로써 캐비테이션이 발생한다. 캐비테이션이 발생하게 되면 소음 및 진동이 증가하며, 추진기의 경우 추진 성능이 저해되는 악영향을 초래하기 때문에 이에 대한 예측이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는, 캐비테이션 발생으로 인한 공동소음의 해석절차를 정립하고, 타원형 날개에 적용하였다. 먼저 전산유체역학해석을 수행하여, 날개 형상 주위 유동장 정보를 도출하였다. 공동 핵 밀도 함수를 활용하여, 핵의 초기 반경 별로 개수를 계산하였고 이들을 압력 강하가 큰 날개 끝 전류에 랜덤하게 배치하였다. 이후 공동소음 해석을 위해 각각의 핵에 대하여 Lagrangian 관점에서 버블 다이나믹스를 활용하였고, 계산된 공동의 거동으로부터 소음해석을 수행하였다. 공동소음은 광대역 소음의 특성을 가지는 것을 확인하였으며, 최종적으로 선박해양플랜트연구소(KRISO)의 대형캐비테이션터널(LCT)에서 수행된 실험 계측결과와의 비교를 통해 검증을 수행하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.330-340
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• 2018

In the present works, the High-speed Cavitation Tunnel (HCT) has been designed and manufactured to have the large test section to conduct various supercavitation experiments. The large amount of air ventilated behind a cavitator produces lots of tiny bubbles, which prevent clear observation of supercavitation at the test section. To collect small bubbles effectively, a bubble collecting section of large volume is equipped upstream of the test section. HCT has the test section dimension of $0.3^H{\times}0.3^W{\times}3.0^L\;m^3$ and provides maximum flow speed of 20.4 m/s at the test section. The blockage and Froude effects on the ventilated supercavitation are investigated successfully at the test section. The basic studies such as the supercavitation evolution, drag measurements and cavity shape extraction with air flow rate are also carried out in HCT.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.464-471
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• 2002

Porosity formation in partial penetration welds by high power lasers is a serious problem in industry. There are two main causes that induce porosity formation. One form of porosity is due to gases (e.g. hydrogen, oxygen) dissolving into the weld pool because of the high temperature and then the rapid solidification traps gases as a bubble in the weld metal. The second problem is voids formed by the keyhole collapsing due to unstable keyhole fluid dynamics. The voids that form at the bottom of the keyhole are relatively large and irregular in shape compared to the gas bubbles; this void formation is the primary concern in this paper. The reduction of voids formed by keyhole collapse is achieved by improving the stability of keyhole. Two methods to improve keyhole stability are discussed in this paper: pulse modulation and beam incident angle. Pulse modulation of the laser beam was performed between 100 Hz and 500 Hz to find out the optimum frequency for the keyhole dynamics. The incident beam angle changed the impact angle of the laser beam to the work surface in a range of 0 to 25 degrees. Glycerin in a semi-solidified state is used as a medium for performing the welding because its transparency allows of visualization of the keyhole.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.39-54
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• 1997

연약지반 개량공법으로 국내에서 생산된 플라스틱 보드 드레인(PBD)이 많이 사용되고 있으나 이들에 대한 물리적 성질 및 배수성능의 검증이 미약한 실정이다. 또한 PBD의 웰 레지스턴스(well resistance)에 크게 영향을 미치는 공기(기포)의 영향에 대한 인식이 부족하다고 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대형 실험장치를 이용하여 먼저 국산 PBD를 중심으로 물리적 성질 및 배수성능 시험을 실시하여 제품의 질적 수준을 규명하고 대표적인 국외제품과 비교했다. 아울러 PBD재의 꺾임 부분에 누적된 공기(기포)가 통수능력에 지장을 초래하는 것을 재확인하였으며 현장에서 적용할 수 있는 진공펌프를 이용하여 필기(기포)를 제거시키므로써 통수능력의 회복이 가능하다는 것을 나타냈다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권3B호
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• pp.14-21
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• 1999

As an effective means to convey crushed materials from seabed to onboard ship and to raise hazardous or abrasive liquids, air-lift pump provides a reliable mechanism due to its simple configuration and easy-to-operate principle. The present study is focused on investigation of related performance by the analysis program based on the gas-liquid two-phase flow in circular pipes. The program covers pump operating in isothermal and vertical two-phase flow with Newtonian liquids. It is summarized as important result that an optimum air mass flow rate exists for the maximum lifted liquid mass flow rate in terms of a given submergence rates. The comparison between riser performance of the conveyed liquid flow rate calculated by the computer program and measured data with large scale air lift pump system constructed in 200 meter depth vertical tank reveals similar distribution.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.191-194
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a detailed mechanism of drag reduction by dimples and roughness on a sphere by measuring the streamwise velocity above the dimpled and roughened surfaces, respectively. Dimples cause local flow separation and trigger the shear layer instability along the separating shear layer, resulting in generation of large turbulence intensity. With this increased turbulence, the flow reattaches to the sphere surface with high momentum near the wall and overcomes strong adverse pressure gradient formed in the rear sphere surface. As a result, dimples delay main separation and reduce drag significantly. The present study suggests that generation of a separation bubble, i.e. a closed-loop streamline consisting of separation and reattachment, on a body surface is an important flow-control strategy for drag reduction on a bluff body such as the sphere and cylinder. In the case of roughened sphere, the boundary layer flow is directly triggered by roughness and changes to a turbulent flow. Due to this change, the drag significantly decreases. As the Reynolds number further increases, transition to turbulence occurs earlier on the sphere surface. Because of faster growth of turbulent boundary layer by roughness, earlier transition thickens the boundary layer, resulting in earlier separation and drag increase with increasing Reynolds number

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.505-508
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• 2006

An electrostatic ink jet head can be used for manufacturing processes of large display systems and printed circuit boards (PCB) as well as inkjet printers because an electrostatic field provides an external force which can be manipulated to control sizes of droplets. The existing printing methods such as thermal bubble and piezo inkjet heads have shown difficulties to control the ejection of the droplets for printing applications. Thus, the new inkjet head using the electrostatic force has been proposed in this study. In order to prove the theory of the developed electrostatic ink jet head, the applicable and basic theory has been studied using distilled water and water with sodium dodecyl surfate (SDS). Also, a numerical analysis has been performed to calculate the intensity of the electrostatic field using the Maxwell's equation. Furthermore, experiments have been carried out using a downward glass capillary with outside diameter of $500{\mu}m$. The gravity, surface tension, and electrostatic force have been analyzed with high voltages of 0 to 5kV. It has been observed that the droplet size decreases and the frequency of the droplet formation and the velocity of the droplet ejection increase with increasing the intensity of the electrostatic field. The results of the experiments have shown good agreement with those of numerical analysis.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2007

A general purpose program NUFLEX has been extended for two-phase flows with topologically complex interface and cavitation flows with liquid-vapor phase change caused by large pressure drop. In analysis of two-phase flow, the phase interfaces are tracked by employing a LS(Level Set) method. Compared with the VOF(Volume-of-Fluid) method based on a non-smooth volume-fraction function, the LS method can calculate an interfacial curvature more accurately by using a smooth distance function. Also, it is quite straightforward to implement for 3-D irregular meshes compared with the VOF method requiring much more complicated geometric calculations. Also, the cavitation process is computed by including the effects of evaporation and condensation for bubble formation and collapse as well as turbulence in flows. The volume-faction and continuity equations are adapted for cavitation models with phase change. The LS and cavitation formulation are implemented into a general purpose program for 3-D flows and verified through several test problems.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.128-133
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• 2007

An electrostatic inkjet head can be used for manufacturing processes of large display systems and printed circuit boards (PCB) as well as inkjet printers because an electrostatic field provides an external force which can be manipulated to control sizes of droplets. The existing printing methods such as thermal bubble and piezo inkjet heads have shown difficulties to control the ejection of the droplets for printing applications. Thus, the new inkjet head has been proposed using the electrostatic force. A numerical analysis has been performed to calculate the intensity of the electrostatic field using the Maxwell's equation. Also, experiments have been carried out to investigate the droplet movement using a downward capillary with outside diameter of $500{\mu}m$. Gravity, surface tension, and electrostatic force have been analyzed with high voltages for a drop-on-demand ejection. It has been observed that the droplet size decreases and the frequency of the droplet formation and the velocity of the droplet ejection increase with increasing the intensity of the electrostatic field using high-speed camera.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2014

The characteristics of turbulent boundary layers over hilly terrain depend strongly on the hill slope and upstream condition, especially inflow turbulence. Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the neutrally stratified turbulent boundary layer over two-dimensional hills. Two kinds of hill shape, a steep one with stable separation and a low one without stable separation, two kinds of inflow condition, laminar turbulent, are considered. An auxiliary simulation, based on the local differential quadrature method and recycling technique, is performed to simulate the inflow turbulence be imposed at inlet boundary of the turbulent inflow, which preserves very well in the computational domain. A large separation bubble is established on the leeside of the steep hill with laminar inflow, while reattachment point moves upstream under turbulent inflow condition. There is stable separation on the side of low hill with laminar inflow, whilw not turbulent inflow. Besides increase of turbulence intensity, inflow can efficiently enhance the speedup around hills. So in practice, it is unreasonable to study wind flow over hilly terrain without considering inflow turbulence.