• 한국가구학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop wood pots for create Optimum environment of plant growth using unused wood. to prove this, we examined the effects of cycle of water supply and nutrient concentration in wood pots on plant germination rate and growth factors (leaf number, stem diameter and length). The results are as follows. 1) The growth rate was higher at once of 2 days watering period. This suggests that the growth of the plants was better than that of the less water because the larch pots itself has the water retention capacity inside. 2) Germination rate and growth rate were better than other treatment groups when the concentration of nutrient solution was 0.5%. 3) Nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, and potassium showed higher contents than the nutrient - treated soil at 0.5% concentration of nutrient solution. This indicates that the nutrient solution absorbed from the larch affected the soil and plant growth in the inside.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2008

내구성과 관련하여 구조부재의 수축문제가 목구조에서는 커다란 관심사가 되고 있다. 특히, 목재 소재를 적극 활용하는 전통공법에서는 짜맞춤 부위, 부재와 벽 등에서 발생하는 건조수축에 의한 갈라짐 등의 결함이 더욱 문제시되고 있다. 또한, 최근 기둥-보 공법에서 많이 사용되고 있는 국내산 낙엽송 집성재의 이용에 있어서도 함수율변화로 인한 수축과 팽윤에 대한 검토를 행할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 낙엽송 소재와 접착층수를 달리한 낙엽송 집성재의 시험편에 대해 다양한 함수율상태에서의 치수변화율을 살펴보았다. 건조수축에 의한 치수변화 억제효과는 3층 이상의 접착층을 가지는 시험편에서 그 효과가 현저함을 알 수 있었다. 그리하여, 소재를 사용할 경우 최종사용조건에 맞추어 건조를 충분히 행하거나, 구조부재로 집성재를 이용함으로써 건조수축 문제를 어느 정도 해결할 수 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.42-52
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• 1990

In this study, thick 24mm glulams were composed of thick. 3, 4, 6, 8mm Larch laminas to study that the theoretical analysis and the experimental analysis regarding the location of neutral axis of the glulams were compared, and to study on the effect of location of neutral axis on mechanical properties of glulam. The variation of location of neutral axis after proportional limit(or elastical limit) was studied to offer basic data to make the better composition method of glulam. The result obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The theoretical neutral axis was 0.547 in solid wood, and also 0.547 in glulams because glulams were composed of only Larch laminas. 2. In solid wood, the deviation of the theoretical and the experimental neutral axis location was 0.1%, But in glulams, the deviation from-12.2% to + 7.8% showed nonuniform pattern but no large deviation. Because laminas was only of Larch and so the mechanical properties of laminas were monotonous. 3. The neutral axis exerted no influance on the elasticity of glulam, which meaned that the maximum shear strength in the neutral axis showed no influance on elasticity limit. 4. The only minutely lower elasticities of glulam than that of solid wood were shown. This was because of influance of glue lines of glulam on the elasticlties. 5. The failure type of glulam was wholly simple tension failure and the horizontal shear failure near neutral axis was not taken place, which was that glue line was complete in bonding and the strength of the lamina was not various but uniform. 6. The ratio of tension strain($^{\varepsilon}t$) I compression strain($^{\varepsilon}c$) initially showed uniform level After the elasticity limit. the ratio was increased with the flow of time and so the tension strain was more increased than compression strain. So this proved tension lamination technique, which is that the mechanical properties of glulam could be improved, if the lamina of more superior strength would he added on the bottom side of the glulam.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.477-482
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• 2014

최근 목재이용에 대한 소비자의 요구가 다양화 되면서 목조 주택뿐만 아니라 공공건물 및 놀이시설 등에 고내구성 집성재에 대한 시장수요가 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 국산 낙엽송으로 제조한 구조용 집성재에 적합한 난연처리 기술개발 및 기준을 정립하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 난연처리된 국산 낙엽송 제재목을 이용하여 구조용 집성재를 제조하고 제조 후 집성재에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 낙엽송 난연처리재의 경우 구조용 집성재의 강도조건에는 만족하였으나 난연제 처리에 의한 강도적인 감소와 박리 발생 등은 개선될 필요가 있었다. 집성재의 제조 후 주입식 난연처리 혹은 도포식 난연처리 기술 개발이 요구되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2018

국내산 낙엽송 소경각재의 휨 강도 성능을 예측하기 위하여 비파괴적인 지표의 검토가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 낙엽송 소경각재(단면 $89{\times}120mm$)를 초음파법, 종진동법, 소하중법의 비파괴 방법으로 탄성계수를 측정하였다. 실측 탄성계수와 유의성이 높은 비파괴 측정 방법을 결정 후 휨 파괴계수 예측 지표로 적용하였다. 종진동법으로 측정된 탄성계수가 실측 탄성계수와 가장 높은 유의성을 나타냈다. 휨 파괴계수와 실측 탄성계수의 유의성도 매우 밀접하게 측정되었으므로 종진동법에 의한 비파괴 탄성계수로 소경각재의 휨 파괴계수를 예측하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1997

The effectiveness of presteaming for improving CCA treatability on refractory Japanese larch heartwood was investigated in this study. Presteaming was effective on improving treatability, and the extent of improvement was dependent on moisture contents of wood specimen and steaming conditions. Green wood showed higher average value in both preservative retention and penetration than dry wood, and steaming under pressure conditions also had higher treatability than steaming at atmospheric conditions. The degree of improvement for treatability was increased with the extension of steaming period. Treatability of dry wood pres teamed under pressure conditions more than 6 hours and green wood for 3 hours was similar to that enhanced by conventional incising. Presteaming green wood under pressure conditions more than 6 hours was more effective than conventional incising in improvement of CCA treatability, and resultant treatability satisfied a minimum value required for CCA-treated wood for being used at the regions of hazard class H3 and H4. In addition, an improvement of treatability by presteaming was due to an increase in permeability resulted from the degradation of hemicelluloses within aspirated pit membrane and cell wall, not the removal of extractives from pit membrane. The reduction in strength, measured as longitudinal compressive strength, due to pres teaming was related with the degradation of hemicelluloses, and was increased as steaming conditions were severe. The degree of strength reduction associated with presteaming treatment to obtain required treatability could be quantified from the relatively good relation between the increase in treatability and the decrease in strength.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.607-615
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• 2016

The delamination along the annual ring on the cross-section of laminae and the bonding strength according to the tangential angle between laminae were evaluated for the production of 3-ply cross-laminated timber (CLT) using domestic larch. Since there is no standard for CLT in Korea, the production and test of specimens for bonding strength followed the standard procedure of "Structural glued laminated timber" (KS F 3021). The standard specifies to exclude any measurement from the cracks of timbers resulted from drying or knots during delamination test of the glued laminated timbers. However, the failure of cross-sectional tissues along the annual rings was observed near the glue-line of all specimens during the delamination test. Because this phenomenon can generate defects in the CLT that may be exposed to various temperatures and relative humidities after the actual construction, the delamination percentage was measured by including this wood failure. As a result, the delamination percentage of the CLT which had been combined in such a way that the annual rings of outer lamina were directed inward was the lowest, which was around 13%, regardless of the annual ring direction of the middle lamina. On the other hand, the delamination percentage of the CLT which had been combined in such a way that the annual rings of outer lamina were directed outward was the highest, which was around 26%. Furthermore, end-split occurred in the outer lamina during the drying process of the boiling delamination test, which affected the delamination percentage. Therefore, the soaking delamination test was found to be more appropriate for evaluating the delamination strength of CLT. The block shear strength of larch CLT was $3.9{\pm}0.9$ MPa on average, which was 46% lower than the block shear strength requirement (7.1 MPa) of the standard, but satisfied the criteria of the block shear strength (3.5 MPa) of the European Standard (prEN 16351: 2013).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2000

The effect of the treatment with CCFZ, FR-4, and PEG400 from butt end on the dimensional stability and bending properties was examined. Three softwood species such as red pine, Korean white pine and Japanese larch and three hardwood species such as poplar, alder and oak were investigated in this research. Shrinkage of red pine, Korean white pine, poplar, and alder treated with PEG400 decreased. However, there was no significant decrease of shrinkage in Japanese larch and oak. The decrease of shrinkage when moisture content changed from about 20% to 10% was larger than that at any other phase. In regard to the effect of treatment on bending properties, bending MOE and MOR of all specimens treated with PEG400 decreased significantly. Especially in the case of red pine, poplar, and alder treated with PEG400, bending MOR reduced 9%, 14%, and 12%, respectively. Reductions of MOR of the hardwood was also much larger than that of the softwood. However, in all species, treatment with CCFZ and FR-4 did not affect the change of bending MOE and MOR significantly. Comparing the large specimen which also included heartwood with the small specimen which included only treated sapwood, there was a difference in the change of bending MOE and MOR between them. The large specimens of Korean white pine, alder and Poplar, which had a relatively low proportion of sapwood(18~22%), showed the decrease of MOR by 11~13% more than that of small specimens, while red pine, Japanese larch and oak, which had a relatively high proportion of sapwood(35~40%), showed little decrease. It means that bending MOE and MOR of structural wood treated from butt end should be considered in terms of sapwood proportion as well as effect of treated chemicals.

• 공업화학
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.478-482
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• 2016

본 연구는 0.076 m 지름과 0.8 m 높이를 가지는 기포유동층 열분해로를 이용하여 국내에서 풍부한 낙엽송 톱밥의 급속 열분해 특성을 고찰한 것이다. 유동층 열분해로의 운전 조건인 반응온도($350-550^{\circ}C$), 유동화 속도비($U_o/U_{mf} $: 2.0-6.0), 원료 주입 속도(2.2-7.0 g/min)에 따른 열분해 수율과 바이오 오일의 조성 변화를 고찰하였다. 바이오 오일에 포함된 화학 성분들의 수는 반응 온도 증가에 따른 2차 열분해로 인하여 반응 온도가 증가함에 따라서 감소하였다. 유동화 속도비와 원료 주입 속도가 유동층 열분해에 미치는 영향은 반응 온도의 영향보다 작아 열분해 온도가 가장 중요한 인자임을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2017

This study was carried out to estimate the parameters of stem taper functions, to figure out the best taper model by species, and to compare with previous studies by species, targeting on the stemmed tree samples collected from the Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora), Korean white pine (Pinus koraiensis), and Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi ) stands in Gangwon and North Gyeongsang provinces of South Korea. The seven widely used models were applied in this study, and Muhairwe 1999 model for Korean red pine and Korean white pine and Kozak 2002 model for Japanese larch were evaluated as the best model for each species according to the fit statistics and the predicted stem form comparison. In addition, the predicted diameter was suitably fitted when comparing the previous studies, and the values were more appropriate following stem taper according to neiloid, paraboloid, and cone parts by species. Consequently, the estimation of this study was considered to represent the stem taper well. When comparing stem taper of three species, the diameter was largest in Korean white pine. Overall, the taper models of this study are judged to be useful for estimating stem form and volume computation of Korean red pine, Korean white pine, and Japanese larch.