• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.37-43
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• 2023

In today's business landscape, collaboration and interoperability are crucial for organizational success and profitability. However, integrating operations across multiple organizations is challenging due to differing roles and policies in Identity and Access Management (IAM). User-centric identity (UCI) adopts a personalized approach to digital identity management, centering on the end-user for authentication and access control. It provides a decentralized system that ensures secure and customized access for each user. UCI aims to address complex security challenges by aligning access privileges with individual user requirements. This research delves into UCI's ability to streamline resource access amidst conflicting IAM roles and protocols across various organizations. The study presents a UCI-based multi-domain access control (MDAC) framework, which encompasses an ontology, a unified method for articulating access roles and policies across domains, and software services melding with UCI infrastructure. The goal is to enhance organizational resource management and decision-making by offering clear guidelines on access roles and policy management across diverse domains, ultimately boosting companies' return on investment.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.150-190
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• 2024

This article proposes a framework to elucidate the structural dynamics of the generative AI ecosystem. It also outlines the practical application of this proposed framework through illustrative policies, with a specific emphasis on the development of the Korean generative AI ecosystem and its implications of platform strategies at AI platform-squared. We propose a comprehensive classification scheme within generative AI ecosystems, including app builders, technology partners, app stores, foundational AI models operating as operating systems, cloud services, and chip manufacturers. The market competitiveness for both app builders and technology partners will be highly contingent on their ability to effectively navigate the customer decision journey (CDJ) while offering localized services that fill the gaps left by foundational models. The strategically important platform of platforms in the generative AI ecosystem (i.e., AI platform-squared) is constituted by app stores, foundational AIs as operating systems, and cloud services. A few companies, primarily in the U.S. and China, are projected to dominate this AI platform squared, and consequently, they are likely to become the primary targets of non-market strategies by diverse governments and communities. Korea still has chances in AI platform-squared, but the window of opportunities is narrowing. A cautious approach is necessary when considering potential regulations for domestic large AI models and platforms. Hastily importing foreign regulatory frameworks and non-market strategies, such as those from Europe, could overlook the essential hierarchical structure that our framework underscores. Our study suggests a clear strategic pathway for Korea to emerge as a generative AI powerhouse. As one of the few countries boasting significant companies within the foundational AI models (which need to collaborate with each other) and chip manufacturing sectors, it is vital for Korea to leverage its unique position and strategically penetrate the platform-squared segment-app stores, operating systems, and cloud services. Given the potential network effects and winner-takes-all dynamics in AI platform-squared, this endeavor is of immediate urgency. To facilitate this transition, it is recommended that the government implement promotional policies that strategically nurture these AI platform-squared, rather than restrict them through regulations and stakeholder pressures.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.21-51
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• 2024

Since the Global Financial Crisis of 2008-2009, the importance of nonbank financial institutions in macroprudential management has increased significantly. Consequently, major countries and international financial institutions have been actively discussing and implementing macroprudential supervision and regulation for non-bank financial institutions (NBFI). In this context, this paper analyzes the systemic risk of both banks and non-bank sectors (securities firms and insurance companies) in South Korea over different time periods. Using the widely recognized ΔCoVaR methodology for measuring systemic risk, the analysis reveals that systemic risk increased substantially across all three sectors (banks, securities firms, and insurance companies) during the Global Financial Crisis, the European Sovereign Debt Crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the banking sector exhibited relatively high systemic risk compared to the securities and insurance sectors, the relative differences in systemic risk varied across the different crisis periods. Notably, during the margin call crisis in March of 2020, the gap in systemic risk between the banking and securities sectors decreased significantly compared to that during both the Global Financial Crisis and the European Sovereign Debt Crisis, indicating that securities firms had a more substantial impact on risk in the overall financial system during this period. Furthermore, I analyze the impact of the issuance of equity-linked securities (ELS) by financial institutions on systemic risk, as measured by ΔCoVaR, finding that an increase in the outstanding balance of ELS issuance by financial institutions had an impact on increasing ΔCoVaR during the three crisis periods. These findings underscore the growing importance of non-bank financial institutions in relation to South Korea's macroprudential management and supervision. To address this evolving landscape, enhanced monitoring and regulatory measures focusing on non-bank systemic risk are essential components of maintaining financial stability in the country.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.97-115
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• 2023

Ecosystem services (ES) are the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. Traditional ES assessment methods have focused on the supply of ES, using biophysical data. However, these methods often fail to capture the full value of ES, which is also determined by social and cultural factors. This study proposes a new approach to ES assessment that incorporates socio-cultural perspectives. The study was conducted in Seoul, South Korea. A survey was conducted of 1,805 residents of Seoul to assess their satisfaction with ecosystem services. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify bundles of ES that were perceived as important by residents. A revised importance-satisfaction analysis was used to calculate the urgency level of each bundle. The results of the study showed that the 21 ES that were considered in the survey could be grouped into three bundles: urban green area-based, biodiversity-based, and resilience-based. The urgency level analysis showed that some bundles were more important than others, and that some bundles were more urgent than others. The findings of this study have several implications. First, they suggest that a socio-cultural approach to ES assessment can provide a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of ES. Second, they show that this approach can be used to identify areas where ES management is most needed. Third, they suggest that this approach could be used to inform ES management and policy decisions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2024

The government is encouraging the expansion of renewable energy facilities through national renewable energy policy. However, the installation of renewable energy generation facilities has led to local resident complaints due to landscape degradation, electromagnetic wave emission, real estate devaluation, and environmental pollution. This creates conflicts between power project developers and residents, making the progress of projects more difficult. This study applies non-cooperative game theory to analyze eight cases of renewable energy projects where conflicts between developers and residents were resolved through resident's investment participation. By accepting investments from local stakeholders, residents achieved returns ranging from a maximum of 25 % to a minimum of 4.1 %. It was found through game theory analysis that a dominant strategy involves residents agreeing to the development of the project and the developers sharing a portion of the profits with the residents. The analysis results show that the point where dominant strategy meet forms a Nash equilibrium, and at the same time becomes the Pareto optimal point, benefiting both power generation operators and residents.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.287-298
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• 2005

This study was carried out to offer the raw data on conservation of land and natural environment by constructing groups of indicators to objectively and rationally assess the sustainable natural ecosystem and present the direction for establishing and planning the environmental policy. There were selected that four assessment items were biotic, abiotic, qualitative, and functional factor. And there were extracted fifty-six indicators including density, total nitrogen, hemeroby degree, and goods production. As assessment items and indicators were over 0.6, the design of questionnaire showed no great problem. In the results of correlation analysis of assessment indicators, sociality and dominance was highly correlative in biotic factor, soil property and aspect in abiotic factor, naturalized and urbanized index in qualitative factor, and protection of landslide and soil erosion were too correlative. In the results of deciding the dimension by multidimensional scaling, as stress values were from 0.042 to 0.133, index of fit over 0.9, there no statistical problems. In case of X axis, biotic factor was structure, viewpoint in abiotic factor, composition in qualitative factor, and object in functional factor, and Y axis was shaped Into form, range, structure, and activity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.342-364
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to provide an answer for the following question: What are the major shifts and implications of the unprecedently competitive and rapidly changing media ecosystem in the era of N-screen and OTT services? I've attempted to understand the complex and competitive nexus among media from an historical context by focusing on the displacement vs. complement thesis. The TPC model by Han has been employed for the analysis of the current dynamics of US media industries by triangulating three areas: Technology/industry, public policy and consumer/culture. More specifically, the US media landscape is initially divided into two competitive turfs - the competitors equipped with OTT services and the legacy media industry, and then the traditional media industry was grouped again into PayTV group(telecom service providers with IPTV and mobile TV, cable/Satellite TV networks) and Free (over-the-air) TV networks. Six major shifts were identified by the analysis: power shift in telecom carriers, power shifts in TV industry, Telecom/OTT partnership, time shifts, place shifts, and finally business model shifts.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.329-336
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• 2017

We analyzed the influence of living characteristics as environment related behavior by questionnaire survey analysis. Survey was conducted to 569 people living in Gimhae city, Gyongsangnam-do, Korea. By the results of correlation analysis, items with high levels of practice were related to legal regulations. However, group who are less interested in preserving the environment have lower performance in all aspects of their activities. In the relationship between social characteristics and environment related behavior, residents were generally aware of the practice of detached house dweller group rather than of apartment dweller. As the age increased, have more willing to practice. While the higher levels of education group do not make environment related behave better. However, it seemed that the student group's distinct characteristics was reflected in the education level. As this study, improvement of environmental awareness is needed to improve practice of environment related behavior rather than regal approach. Policy for environment related behavior is necessary to vary the methodology based on analysis of social characteristics, such as gender, residential type and education level rather than generalization.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.781-795
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• 2008

This paper focuses on effects that IPTV will have on domestic broadcasting market in the point of view of customers. The purpose of the paper is to present the future landscape of competitive media market when IPTV is launched, and to research how IPTV will have impact on terrestrial broadcasting, cable TV and satellite broadcasting industry. The paper integrates two known theories, such as the niche-gratification model and the value-expectancy model, to analyze competitive media market. The value expected model makes it possible to overcome the weakness of the niche-gratification model and to forecast competitiveness more accurately. According to this research, competitive power will be in the order of Cable TV, IPTV, and satellite broadcasting. Terrestrial broadcasting does not show strong competitive relationships with others statistically. As a result, Cable TV will be the most competitive medium in the future. IPTV will be stuck in the middle and can rapidly substitute for existing broadcasting services. While IPTV will severely threaten the satellite broadcasting company which has a relatively small number of subscribers, cable TV will be in a superior position to IPTV.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

Preparations need to be made for Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) in anticipation of climate change because Korean pine is an endemic species of South Korea and the source of timber and pine nut. Therefore, climate change adaptation policy has been established to conduct an impact assessment on the distribution of Korean pine. Our objective was to predict the distribution of Korean pine while taking into account uncertainty and afforestation conditions. We used the 5th forest types map, a forest site map and BIOCLIM variables. The climate scenarios are RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for uncertainty and the climate models are 5 regional climate models (HadGEM3RA, RegCM4, SNURCM, GRIMs, WRF). The base period for this study is 1971 to 2000. The target periods are the mid-21st century (2021-2050) and the end of the 21st century (2071-2100). This study used the MaxEnt model, and 50% of the presences were randomly set as training data. The remaining 50% were used as test data, and 10 cross-validated replicates were run. The selected variables were the annual mean temperature (Bio1), the precipitation of the wettest month (Bio13) and the precipitation of the driest month (Bio14). The test data's ROC curve of Korean pine was 0.689. The distribution of Korean pine in the mid-21st century decreased from 11.9% to 37.8% on RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The area of Korean pine at an artificial plantation occupied from 32.1% to 45.4% on both RCPs. The areas at the end of the 21st century declined by 53.9% on RCP 4.5 and by 86.0% on RCP 8.5. The area of Korean pine at an artificial plantation occupied 23.8% on RCP 4.5 and 7.2% on RCP 8.5. Private forests showed more of a decrease than national forests for all subsequent periods. Our results may contribute to the establishment of climate change adaptation policies for considering various adaptation options.