• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.58-67
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• 2013

This study is to analyze the satisfaction and the image evaluation of landscape elements in outdoor space by types of the university campus. The results are as follows. 1) Out of outdoor elements at university campus, planting area, resting area, access road, and water feature are recognized as major landscape elements. Among them, planting area and access roads are evaluated low in terms of satisfaction levels, therefore, improvement on these elements are required. 2) In outdoor space image evaluation, university campus has image such as 'simple', 'clear', and 'safe'. By scale of universities, both 'A' university, which is the biggest in terms of size of campus, and 'B' university, which has a medium sized campus, have a positive image. However, 'C' university, which is the smallest in terms of size of campus, has a passive and negative image. 3) 6 factors are extracted through Factor Analysis for image evaluation. All of the universities show positive image in the categories of 'clarity' and 'familiarity', however, 'B' university and 'C' university show negative image in the category of 'scale'. 4) In Correlation Analysis between landscape elements satisfaction level and image evaluation, it is showed that the group of landscape facility becomes a relation factor of overall image evaluation. As a result, the higher satisfaction level goes, the better image evaluation of overall outdoor space at university campus is.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.20-27
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the validity and the reliability of the visual simulation method using the internet. For this. the evaluation of the artificial and natural landscape through the medium of color slides are compared with the internet survey. Data is analysed through the comparison of t-test between the two media by landscape type, and spatial image is analysed by factor analysis algorithm. Principle component analysis using Varimax Method is applied for extraction and factor rotation respectively. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; There are no statistical differences between the two methods with artificial and natural landscape in the total data that included second tests. Factors covering the spatial image are found to be \`aesthetic\`, \`spatial shape\`, and \`familiarity\`. Total variance is obtained as 66.4%. There are no statistical differences between the two methods in 2/3 of the cases. In the case of far view of artificial landscape, the results of the t-test show that the two methods are exactly the same. Especially in the case of the artificial far landscape shows no difference of all factors between two methods. There are no differences between first and second tests of the same media and the same landscape type. And it shows the reliability of this method. These results suggest that the probability that the internet can be used as a medium of landscape evaluation and gathering information on anyone\`s landscape image. Simulation techniques with the internet survey method should be further developed for practical application.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.63-77
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• 2015

Improve the rural views of the Government and the municipalities with the intention of rural landscape planning. However, rural scenery evaluation of landscape types and element categories, landscape scenes, such as the valuation of resources selected, form a coherent system and ecological point of view is not only a Visual perspective of evaluation, or evaluation is made. This study evaluates the rural landscape through the rural landscape for rurality is implemented can explain the image. Rural amenity 100 represented the rural landscape in rurality with photos of photos, and scenes, photos, location-based rural Vista rurality landscapes drawn components. Selected landscape photography scenic landscapes in the u.s. survey and image vocabularies through surveys is representative of the landscape in rurality of each Vista location-specific photos and images began extracted factors. As a result, the Distant view is a town and village in the rolling hills of the surrounding environment is an image behind the Vista Skyline, Farmland Rural village forests, Behind the hills, Individual housing roof, Housing arrangement, The number of household includes landscape components. Factor analysis 'openness', 'intimacy', 'activity', 'complexity', 'safety' was down to five factors, such as a description of the overall factors that force was 66.45 percent. Middle distance view is close to being out of town houses and village environment, an image in the skyline hills Vista, farmlands, village forests, rolling hills, behind the scenes of the housing component of the neck, the sperm will honor an individual factor analysis results are 'intimacy', 'safety', 'openness', 'specificity', 'complexity' five factors the whole description of the capacity factors compared to 67.24 percent. Close-range view is mainly in Vista village embraced the individual elements and an image of a harmonious location in the surroundings of the sperm, individual houses, fences, gates, courtyard, Garden, garage, agricultural facilities, including, but not limited to, factors assay but an 'intimacy', 'complexity', 'safety', 'activity', 'openness' five factors, such as a description of the overall factors that force was 65.29%. This research seeks to determine the extent to which rurality of rural landscape Vista by location attributes and elements and representative officer in photo selection and rurality to extract the image. To date, followed by a comprehensive study, which was presented through the readjustment could not overlook the Visual elements. The future rural development officer for the evaluation of rural landscape classification and quantitative and objective assessment will have to come up with ways to do.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2010

This study analyzes the images of city residents on the landscape elements of the rural theme villages. The results of analysis bring the following conclusions. 1) Important factor of rural landscape with worth preserving is natural landscape such as dense forests, trees and creek. 2) Natural landscape such as forests and trees is evaluated high in image-assessment as well. However, it is evaluated low in the image of "Diversity", therefore, various species of trees need to be preserved. 3) In the future, people who spent their life only in the city would be the main stream of Green-tourism, and their structure of image-assessment needs to be reorganized.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.1 s.120
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• pp.59-68
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• 2007

This article statistically analyzed contributive levels of district image based on an effect and a similarity index through the evaluation of citizens and suggested the efficient management system of a city image according to the results. For this study, Busan City was selected as a case city by the preceding literature and was investigated concerning district image and city image through a questionnaire. The new evaluation method for analysis of a city image was presented in this process. The results of this research are as follows: 1. Busan City has a substantial positive and culturally unique image, and each of its districts have other image characteristics. for example, the CBD district has a positive image, and the sea shore district has a busy and prosperous image, but the backward sea shore district has an image of stagnancy. 2. The image of Yeonje-gu has the largest effect on the image of Busan. Next in influence are Jung-gu, Saha-gu, Suyoung-gu, respectively. The effect index is closely connected with the variance of evaluative adjectives. 3. Busanjin-gu and Haeundae-gu have similar images to Busan City. Next in similarity are Nam-gu, Jung-gu, Youngdo-gu, Suyoung-gu, respectively. The similarity index is closely connected with the correlation of evaluative adjectives. Busan City and its districts can establish their image strategies with the above analyzed results. This study is meaningful in that a statistical evaluative method was proposed. With continued follow-up research, this study may serve as a systematic and logical model to improve the urban landscape and image.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2011

To evaluate the value of a preserved tree as rural landscape resource, the growth environment and health condition was investigated, and the image evaluation was implemented on land~ape architectural major undergraduate students for zelkova trees in Yesan-gun. The image evaluation results of zelkova trees were as followings; 1) Typical image of preserved tree examined by Semantic Differential Scale were 'Old', 'Big', and 'Good'. 2) The 'big' image of zelkova tree and the height of tree, the width of tree crown, the breast girth of tree, the root girth of tree, the external formation of tree, and the health of tree bark is mutually related. Especially, the correlation between the 'big' and the external formation and the width of tree crown is high. 3) Typical image of preserved tree examined by Likert Scale were 'Natural', 'Green', 'Peaceful', and 'Rural'. 4) The preservation necessity for preserved tree was highly related with the state of ground, and the management necessity for preserved tree was highly related with contamination level and the state of ground. The appropriate management plan for preserved tree are proposed to improve the quality of rural landscape(basis of these results).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1101-1110
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• 2019

This study investigated Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) of cherry blossom trails 'Cherry Road' in Daegu Catholic Univ. campus, at Gyeonsan-city, Korea. The evaluation focused on image preference and satisfaction of users i.e., students, using questionnaire surveys. A total 201 questionnaire samples were analyzed and most of the respondents were in the age group of 20. Frequency analysis was conducted on demographics, use behavior, reliability, and means. Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted for user satisfaction and image preference. Over 80% of visitors came with companions during daytime. The most common motives for use were strolling and walking, event and meeting, passing. For user satisfaction the mean scores were highest for landscape beauty (4.22), image improvement (4.14), campus image (4.08). Night lighting facility received the lowest score (3.32). Factor analysis concerning user satisfaction was categorized into environment-human behavior and physical factors. Multiple regression analysis showed that the overall satisfaction of user was significantly influenced by five independent variables: 'harmonious' (β=.214), 'night lighting facility' (β=.173), 'landscape beauty' (β=.208), 'lawn care' (β=.154), and 'walking trails' (β=.123). The mean scores of image variables were highest for 'beautiful' (5.81), 'bright' (5.67), and 'open' (5.64). The lowest scores was for 'quiet' (4.47). Exploratory factor analysis led to three factors being categorized: aesthetics, comforts, and simplicity. Result of multiple regression analysis indicated that the preference of space image was significantly influenced by five variables: 'bright' (β=.397), 'refreshing' (β=.211), 'cool' (β=.219), 'clean' (β=.182), and 'natural' (β=.-142). Hence, Cherry Road has a high level of user satisfaction and image evaluation, which is interpreted as having various cultural events and value for students on campus. To improve the satisfaction of Cherry Road in the future, it is necessary to secure night lighting, to manage trash cans, and to secure rest space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate landscape image and define elements of difference in visual preference of bridges on the Han River. To do this end, video was used as a media for the evaluation of the landscape image of 16 bridges on the Han River using a Semantic Differential scale. Data is collected by 50 students from Woosuk University, majoring landscape architecture. Final analysis utilized a total of 704 samples of data. Data is analyzed through descriptive statistics, and spatial image is analyzed by factor analysis algorithm Principle component analysis using Varimax method is applied far extraction and factor rotation. T-test is used to find the difference between the bridge type of preference with the data of factor score. Logistic regression is used to select the factors that influences the visual preference among the image factors. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; The image of whole bridges on the Han River is somewhat orderly, sequential and open. The degree of visual preference of unique bridge type is higher than normal but there are some differences in visual preference within the same type of structure. This suggests that the surrounding landscape is one of the important factor for visual preference. Factors covering the image of bridge are found to be 'aesthetic',　'structure','spatial factor', and 'shape'. Total variance is obtained as 60.4%. The aesthetic variables are the most important factor for visual preference and the structural factor presents no significant difference in visual preference between more preferred and less preferred bridges. Since the collapse of Songsu Bridge, we thought the structural factor is very important but the results of this study suggest that it is more important to consider the aesthetic and spatial factors of the bridge to increase the visual preference when planning and designing bridges. Simulations with more detailed data about surroundings should be utilized practical design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.97-115
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the preference and image on landscape of before and after the restoration in the four study areas where the restoration project of Baekdudaegan ecological ridgeline was carried out and to explore the change factors of image preference according to restoration project. The study areas were Beoljae, Ihwaryeong, Bijoryeong, and Yuksimnyeong and 248 questionnaires were used for analysis. As a result of the recognition analysis on restoration project of ecological ridgeline, the awareness of the project was low at 2.63, the satisfaction of the project was 3.42, and necessity of the project was 4.07. In terms of the preference analysis for landscape photographs, the all preferences of four sites were improved after the project than before. In the result of the landscape image evaluation, images such as 'lifeless', 'uniform' and 'ugly' were high before the project, however, images such as 'clean', 'tidy', and 'stable' were high after the project. As a result of analyzing the change factors of image preference according to the restoration project, adjectives such as 'beautiful-ugly' and 'open-closed' influenced the preference change in common. These findings can be utilized as the base data for the planning direction for the construction of new ecological ridgeline or the landscape conservation of existing ecological ridgeline.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2009

Relating to grasping sequential landscape characteristics in consideration of the behavioral characteristics of the subject experiencing visual perception, this study was made on the subject of main walking line section for visitors of three treasures of Buddhist temples. Especially, as a method of obtaining data for grasping sequential visual perception landscape, the researcher employed [momentum sequential viewpoint setup] according to [the interval of pointers arbitrarily] and fisheye-lens-camera photography using the obtained omni-directional angle visual perception information. As a result, in terms of viewpoint selection, factors like approach road form, change in circulation axis, change in the ground surface level, appearance of objects, etc. were verified to make effect, and among these, approach road form and circulation axis change turned out to be the greatest influences. In addition, as a result of reviewing the effectiveness via the subjects, for the sake of qualitative evaluation of landscape components using the VR picture image obtained in the process of acquiring omni-directional angle visual perception information, a positive result over certain values was earned in terms of panoramic vision, scene reproduction, three-dimensional perspective, etc. This convinces us of the possibility to activate the qualitative evaluation of omni-directional angle picture information and the study of landscape through it henceforth.