• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.21-32
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• 2011

The district units planning suggests not only detailed standards of building as parts of the whole plan in the district but also a guideline of the arrangement, shape and pavement of the public open space, in order to move away from the rigid image of an institution which causes the formal creation of it. This triggered various problems. While the basic plan for adjustment of urban environments(established in 2005) was being reorganized in order to reflect changed conditions of the city center, the sector of public open space was subdivided according to the guidelines of development by district. We conducted a comparative analysis of conditions before and after the adjustment, so as to examine whether or not the reorganized institution is effective for the plan of public open spaces. The analysis showed that there was no remarkable change between the basic plan and the reorganized institution in that items which were not any different from the existing building codes were established due to lack of guidelines related to public open space under the law of urban and residential environmental improvement. Low regulations should set up criteria for establishment from a concrete, effective microscopic aspect appropriate to the significance of public open space by the linking of public open space and the surrounding environment, whereas high regulations such as building codes should specify essential components.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.3D
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• pp.363-373
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• 2011

With rapid economic development, general demand and interest in surroundings that consist of our lives have grown gradually. In addition, as there has been increased social interest in creating landscape of roads, which considers all important factors from the user's view including accessibility, safety, and psychological stability, efforts to improve quality of roads are required. Therefore it is needed to establish standards on safe and comfort road design based on sensibility satisfaction of road users rather than based on standardized road design guidance from the engineering perspective. To this end, research was carried out to analyze sensibility satisfaction of users about road landscape focused on elements of road cross section in a city. It identified relation between sensibility satisfaction and the elements by using principal and cluster analysis, and the multiple regression models. It also found that user's satisfaction about roads and a road landscape is high with road width (3~5 meters), clear zone (2.2~3.9 meters), road central garden (1.05~1.9 meters), shoulder (0.55~1.43 meters), median (0.65~1.625 meters), the number of travel lanes (2~5), height of trees at the central garden (6.4~15 meters) and height of buildings surrounding roads (18~44 meters or 6~15 floors).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.133-138
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the methods to activate and functional changes of rural centers to improve residents' quality of life and secure sustainability in rural areas. The existing policy for activating rural centers lacks for placeness because walking-focused features of a Myeon seat have been changed due to the improvement of physical environment for easy car accessibility. They also wanted to solve abandoned houses and secure parking lots in the landscape plan. Based on analysis results, design guidelines were suggested. Long-stay tourism programs for outside visitors should be developed through the rural center activation project. They should be linked with projects for preserving the history of Byeongyeong Fortress and developing Hamel Village. Mountain trails and waterfront should be created to enhance accessibility and linkage methods with other resources should be prepared. As Byeongyeong-myeon has various tourism resources, design guidelines for each element should be made for a macroscopic direction and systematic landscape management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.29-39
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• 2011

Recent interests in the quality of urban space have raised awareness on the role and importance of landscape planning. Although laws and guidelines are officially ready to be imposed as for landscape planning, we do not have concrete materials that can be utilized in the course of practices. The aim of this paper in this regard is to disclose the possible difference in awareness on 'visual landscape control elements' among experts engaged with urban space planning. The expert groups are distinguished to three which are for a planning, design and engineering and the survey is made by questionnaires. The results are analyzed through basic technology statistics in SPSS and independent-sample t-test provided. The survey is done by tens of 'control elements' and the result is that specially, group 1 and group 2 in mixed landscape has the most discrepancy in awareness on those elements but relatively, they has less discrepancy in awareness on compare with other groups through all landscape area. In case of artificial landscape and mixed landscape in 'landscape controled area', the result for comparing between G1 and G2 is that there are the most discrepancy in awareness which are 7 control elements. In case of mixed landscape in 'landscape promoted area', there are 4 control elements for discrepancy in awareness between G2 and G3 which is quite different. The control elements which show the most discrepancy in awareness is height, floor space and building to land ratio in order. The shape elements has only discrepancy in awareness for comparing between G1 and G2 of artificial landscape in 'landscape controled area'. In terms of the average evaluation score of the appropriateness of these control elements, G1 seems to appreciate the role of these elements in systematic landscape planning more than the other group does. In other words, relatively low scores are given by G2 as for the overall functionality of visual landscape control elements. The texture, floor space and building of land ratio has low evaluation score for all area and types. It means that it should reverify for appropriateness of performance for landscape planning as visual landscape control elements.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2017

Increased investment in environment-friendly transport vehicles has led to rapid transit of railway tracks, double track program, linear improvements in railway lines, and moving railroad routes into the suburbs. They resulted in fast increase of railway yards. However, as the railroad yards being neglected, urban fine sites have been degraded. Local governments kept seeking ways to utilize the railway yards. In addition, Ministry of land, infrastructure and transport enacted "Guidelines for utilization of railway yards". The Guidelines categorized the railway yards into three types; conservation, utilized, and other sites in order to make efficient use of them. The railway yards have been converted and used for parks, rail bike trails, bike paths, and solar projects. It seems that studies are needed on diverse use of the yards and on post evaluation. This study investigated current uses of railway yards, domestic and foreign, and analyzed for the pertinent conditions on natural and cultural landscape, educational value, location and accessibility, potential for recreational area, and development opportunities. In this study, I proposed a quantitative evaluation method, and to find way to diversify the use of railway yards.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 1998

This research is concerned with environment problems related to Munhwa-Maul where Korean government are financially much supporting in developing housing sites and constructing houses. The purposes of this research are to find out the problems and to present the practical guidelines in order to improve an environmental quality of Munhwa-Maul in which will be under construction in the near future. The method for finding out the problems are based upon the most atisfaction and dissatisfaction of residents with opened interview. Both Mueur Munhwa-Maul and Umo Munhwa-Maul are considered for this research because Mueur Munhwa-Maul is characterized with a modern village where is located far from the city while Uo Munhwa-Maul, near the city. Also, these Munhwa-Mauls have been firstly constructed. The interview participants are 34 persons in all. They are confined to Mueur Munhwa-Maul and Umo Munhwa Maul that have been firstly constructed in Kyeongook. According to the interviews, each 60% of both Mueur Munhwa-Maul interview participants and Umo Munhwa-Maul ones have shown the their most positive satisfaction in a new housing and facility. It can be seen from that these figures that housing environment including facility of both Munhwa-Mauls is surely improved and successful. On the other hand, 43.8% of Mueur Munhwa-Maul participants and 14% of Umo Munhwa-Maul ones have particularly shown the most negative satisfaction in a size of housing lot. Also, 15.6% of Mueur Munhwa-Maul interview participant and 44% of Umo Munhwa-Maul ones have stated the most dissatisfaction in a traffic convenience. The reasons showing these differences are likely that 90% of Mueur Munhwa-Maul residents are farmer while 85% of Umo Munhwa-Maul ones are not farmer. With this results the purpose of munhwa-Maul project that government has been supporting and the reality of Umo Munhwa-Maul could be never coincident. Therefore, it can be inferred that housing layout should be reconsiderd to be appropriate for agriculture and that the government should carefully consider the contributions of new housing lot to real farmers. In addition, we can say that Munhwa-Maul project should be firstly accomplished in the district far from the city rather than near the city.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.102-115
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to present types of design concept based on the specificity of landscape design, and to derive a theoretical framework for the landscape design concepts by analyzing the design concepts appearing in urban park design competitions. Through literature review, five types of landscape design concepts were categorized into value and vision, analysis and interpretation, form and structure, program and element, and process and operation. Using this framework, the design concepts shown in 96 works submitted to 18 domestic and overseas urban park design competitions were analyzed. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, due to the complexity of contemporary urban parks, design concepts are presented as mixtures of main concepts and secondary concepts in multiple layers. Second, it was identified that design concepts of 'form and structure' were used the most in urban park designs, followed by the 'program and element' concepts. The 'value and vision' and 'analysis and interpretive' concepts are introduced as third and fourth. Third, the reason that the 'form and structure' concept is widely used as main and secondary concepts is judged to be because the form of a space, which is the key result of the design, has an important influence on the identity of the design. Fourth, the reason that the 'program and element' concept type is widely introduced is that urban park design has a stronger planning aspect to produce programs during the design process, compared with other design fields where programs are usually given in advance. Lastly, it is difficult to see that the properties of the site solely affect the type of design concept, because a design concept is the result of a complex and creative process in which a designer subjectively interprets the objective characteristics of the site and project, and given design guidelines can affect the type of design concept.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate how five winning design proposals for the Seoul City Hall Plaza Design Competition have shown the spatial characteristics by comparing and reviewing them. Each design proposal shown different approaches that reveal the spatial characteristics. Through scrutinizing these design proposals, some similar and different aspects among them were identified. In order to examine these aspects, the winning design proposals were analysed and compared based on five categories such as design concepts, main facilities, representation of historical images, spatial connection, and event programs. Gilles Deleuze explained the spatial characteristics as striated space and smooth space. Striated space could be defined as sedentary space. It is distant vision-optical space that has dimensional, metric, and centered characteristics, whereas smooth space is defined as nomadic, close vision-haptic space that has directional and acentered characteristics. This study focused on the analysis of spatial characteristics according to smooth space and striated space. Based on the analysis of the spatial characteristics according to the smooth and striated space, some design proposals shown more characteristics of striated space while other proposals shown more characteristics of smooth space. Those design proposals that shown more characteristics of smooth space reveal flexible or changeable shape and void space, whereas the others that shown more characteristics of striated space try to suggest apparent guidelines for the future use by retaining the idea of a plaza through the concrete shape. This study, which analyzed the winning design proposals based on the spatial characteristics according to the smooth and striated space, can be used to analyze the designs and could help to develop a new methodology with a different perspective. furthermore, it could provide practical and creative design strategies for landscape design.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.54-61
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• 2017

Strengthening the protection and management of very old trees is an important aspect of urban site preservation, urban design and construction. Rating various danger factors to evaluate the degree of danger posed can help to create the correct protective countermeasures. In order to develop the danger evaluation index, this study performed four round surveys by using the Delphi method and collected opinions from experts in related fields. Necessary indexes were fully added in the first and second round while the indexes falling beyond the guidelines were deleted. From the final analysis results, five areas derived a total of forty-one indicators to create a degree of danger index from vigour status, growth and development status, diseases and insect pests, soil status, and management status. The degree of danger evaluation index can provide basic data for the protection of very old trees.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.53-64
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• 1998

This study was performed to build up the ecological guidelines to grasp the structure of the vegetation change which is due to river rehabilitation. Anyway, river ecosystem and function has been destroyed owing to river development. It is important that river vegetation supplies ecological corridor and biotope. Two survey sites(Wonsungcheon and Pungseocheon)were investigated in the aspect of plant ecosystem and structure to settle the practical concept of river ecosystem. Each survey site was subdivided to five plots. The site was surveyed through the belttransect method. Wonsungcheon gets more seriously polluted as it runs to the urban area. In other words, there are On the other hand, Pungseocheon has more naturality but its downstream is under the pressure of various wood plants in the upstream area, but downstream area is dominated by naturalized plants such as Bidens frondosa, Panicum dichotomiflorum, etc. Riverbank of downstream has been changed into farm and parking lot. development. It should be preserved definitely because it still has abundant naturality and wetland which formed a biotope. The objective of the research is to find out the river retrogression and maintenance methods based on the riparian vegetation structure. To manage the river ecologically, hydrophytes should be induced partly for natural purification after the riverside is rehabilitated. The vegetation should be induced step by step to restore natural river and steady monitoring and research are required.