• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.494-494
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• 2000

This paper demonstrates that the largest Lyapunov exponent $\lambda$ of recurrent neural networks can be controlled by a gradient method. The method minimizes a square error $e_{\lambda}=(\lambda-\lambda^{obj})^2$ where $\lambda^{obj}$ is desired exponent. The $\lambda$ can be given as a function of the network parameters P such as connection weights and thresholds of neurons' activation. Then changes of parameters to minimize the error are given by calculating their gradients $\partial\lambda/\partialP$. In a previous paper, we derived a control method of $\lambda$via a direct calculation of $\partial\lambda/\partialP$ with a gradient collection through time. This method however is computationally expensive for large-scale recurrent networks and the control is unstable for recurrent networks with chaotic dynamics. Our new method proposed in this paper is based on a stochastic relation between the complexity $\lambda$ and parameters P of the networks configuration under a restriction. Then the new method allows us to approximate the gradient collection in a fashion without time evolution. This approximation requires only $O(N^2)$ run time while our previous method needs $O(N^{5}T)$ run time for networks with N neurons and T evolution. Simulation results show that the new method can realize a "stable" control for larege-scale networks with chaotic dynamics.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.47-49
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• 2001

The toxicity of benfuracarb and ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin on oak longicorn beetle, Moechotypa diphysis was investigated in terms of residual effect and control efficacy in the field. Mycelial growth inhibition of Lentinula edodes was also investigated in the laboratory. Benfuracarb and ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin showed 100% of control values and over 90% residual activities of benfuracarb and ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin were continued for 15 and 20 days after treatment, respectively. Benfuracarb and ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin did not affect the mycelial growth of L. edodes Imhyup 1 variety. These results indicate that benfuracarb and ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin might be used for the control of M. diphysis adults in the field.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2017

We are designed to control the lipoid variation of the structure system with the stratum corneum on the skin. The skin structure is consisted of a morphology how to use the lipoid component, and the given skin structure is consisted of the mechanical shapes of the intercellular route and transcellular route, and is confirmed to control the variation state of the structure capacity. The skin impedance is appeared to result the value of measurement such as shapes of ${\lambda}-Lip-RSC$, ${\lambda}-Lip-RSL$, ${\lambda}-Lip-CSG$, ${\lambda}-Lip-CSS$ and ${\lambda}-Lip-RSB$. The condition is showed to the alteration difference value of the intercellular route and transcellular route. And, composition condition is established to separate the division parts for conversion system that is constructed with the alteration modeling. We will be possible to progress the improvement effectiveness of the continuous skin control system on the skin.

• The Journal of Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2004

With a rapid development of DWDM and photonic switching, $MP{\lambda}S$ network can realize DiffServ like QOS services using optical wavelength mapping to the traffic flows. In this study, we describe the service connection architecture for providing QOS service between $MP{\lambda}S$ network and network users. We also describe a methodology, which is similar to DiffServ mechanism, to build traffic conditioning blocks that can be used to provide the negotiated QOS services using traffic control components defined by IETF

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.263-265
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• 2007

An ultrasonic linear motor using lambda shape vibrators has been designed and fabricated. The multiway ultrasonic motors mainly consist of an lambda shape ultrasonic vibrator which generates elliptical motions in beat. The lambda shape ultrasonic linear motor use longitudinal and bending vibration mode. In order to high precision motion control and multiway moving, piezoceramics were adhered to lambda shape brass elastic material. The finite element method was used to optimize dimension of ultrasonic vibrator and direction of vibratory displacement. As a result of estimating the characteristics of the ultrasonic linear motor, The results have shown that the lambda shape ultrasonic linear motor can be moved multiwav by using the phase control. Close agreement between the FEM results and experimental results obtained for the lambda shape ultrasonic linear motor.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.587-594
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• 2008

In this paper, an efficient integer ambiguity resolution method for GNSS attitude determination system is described. The proposed method solves the integer least-squares with quadratic equality constraints(ILSQE) problem and shows an expansion of the LAMBDA method can be used to solve it. The solution of ILSQE is shown and an efficient implementation with a LAMBDA based method is given. The method is compared with some other methods. The results of static and dynamic tests show the dramatic improvement of the success rates of integer ambiguity resolution.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.1115-1119
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• 1996

The objective of this paper is to study on the idle speed control sing the fuzzy logic controller under load disturbance. The inputs of the fuzzy controller are error of rpm and rpm variation. The output of fuzzy controller is an ISC motor step. The airflow is controlled by the ISC motor movement and the idle speed is controlled by the airflow control. During the control, air to fuel ratio was checked by LAMBDA sensor. All experiments were carried in real vehicle.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.865-872
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• 2019

We developed a one-dimensional Ar fluid model running in DC-type applied voltage with a sine and a pulse waveform at the atmosphere pressure. We investigated the light emissions and efficiencies of ${\lambda}_{128nm}$, ${\lambda}_{727nm}$, ${\lambda}_{912nm}$ and ${\lambda}_{966nm}$ from the Ar excited particles. From the results, the light emission of ${\lambda}_{128nm}$ and ${\lambda}_{727nm}$ in the applied voltage with a sine waveform were almost two times as in DC voltage type. The shorter the switching time of applied voltage was, the more the light emissions of ${\lambda}_{128nm}$ and ${\lambda}_{727nm}$ were. We discussed the power consumption and Joule heating by charged particles.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.794-799
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• 2005

Robust DC-DC converter which can cover extensive load changes and also input voltage changes with one controller is needed. In this paper, we propose a method for determining the parameters of 2DOF digital controller which makes the control bandwidth wider, and at the same time makes a variation of the output voltage very small at sudden changes of resistive load and the input voltage. The 2DOF digital controller whose parameters are determined by the proposed method is actually implemented on a DSP and is connected to a DC-DC converter. Experimental studies demonstrate that this type of digital controller can satisfy given specifications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.45-67
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• 2000

2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) is a mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amino found in cooked meat. The in vivo mutagenicity and hepatocarcinogenicity of MeIQx were examined in mice harboring the lacZ mutation reporter gene ($Muta^{TM}$ Mice) and bitransgenic mice over-expressing the c-myc oncogene. C57B1/$\lambda$lacZ and bitransgenic c-myc (albumin promoter)/$\lambda$lacZ mice were bred and weaned onto an AIN-76 based diet containing $0.06\%$ (w/w) MeIQx or onto control diet. After 30 weeks on diet, only male bitransgenic mice on MeIQx developed hepatocellular carcinoma ($100\%$ incidence) indicating that there was synergism between c-myc over-expression and MeIQx. By 40 weeks, hepatic tumor incidence was $100\%$ ($17\%$) and $44\%$ ($0\%$) in male c-myc/$\lambda$lacZ and C57B1/$\lambda$lacZ mice given MeIQx (or control) diet, respectively, indicating that either MeIQx or c-myc over-expression alone eventually induced hepatic tumors. At either time point, mutant frequency in the lacZ gene was at least 40-fold higher in MeIQx-treated mice than in control mice of either strain. These findings suggest that MeIQx-induced hepatocarcinogenesis is associated with MeIQx-induced mutations. Elevated mutant frequency in MeIQx-treated mice also occurred concomitant with the formation of MeIQx-guanine adducts as detected by the $^{32}P$-postlabeling assay. Irrespective of strain or diet, sequence analysis of the lacZ mutants from male mouse liver showed that the principal sequence alteration was a single guanine-base substitution. Adenine mutations, however, were detected only in animals on control diet. MeIQx-fed mice harboring the c-myc oncogene showed a l.4-2.6-fold higher mutant frequency in the lacZ gene than mice not carrying the transgene. Although there was a trend toward higher adduct levels in c-myc mice, MeIQx-DNA adduct levels were not significantly different between c-myc/$\lambda$lacZ and C57B1/$\lambda$lacZ mice after 30 weeks on diet. Thus, it appeared that factors in addition to MeIQx-DNA adduct levels, such as the enhance rate of proliferation associated with c-myc over-expression, may have accounted for a higher mutant frequency in c-myc mice. In the control diet groups, the lacZ mutant frequency was significantly higher in c-myc/$\lambda$lacZ mice than in 057B1/$\lambda$1acZ mice. The findings are consistent with the notion that c-myc over-expression is associated with an increase in mutagenesis. The mechanism for the synergistic effects of c-myc over-expression on MeIQx hepatocarcinogenicity appears to involve an enhancement of MeIQx-induced mutations.