• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.494-494
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• 2000

This paper demonstrates that the largest Lyapunov exponent $\lambda$ of recurrent neural networks can be controlled by a gradient method. The method minimizes a square error $e_{\lambda}=(\lambda-\lambda^{obj})^2$ where $\lambda^{obj}$ is desired exponent. The $\lambda$ can be given as a function of the network parameters P such as connection weights and thresholds of neurons' activation. Then changes of parameters to minimize the error are given by calculating their gradients $\partial\lambda/\partialP$. In a previous paper, we derived a control method of $\lambda$via a direct calculation of $\partial\lambda/\partialP$ with a gradient collection through time. This method however is computationally expensive for large-scale recurrent networks and the control is unstable for recurrent networks with chaotic dynamics. Our new method proposed in this paper is based on a stochastic relation between the complexity $\lambda$ and parameters P of the networks configuration under a restriction. Then the new method allows us to approximate the gradient collection in a fashion without time evolution. This approximation requires only $O(N^2)$ run time while our previous method needs $O(N^{5}T)$ run time for networks with N neurons and T evolution. Simulation results show that the new method can realize a "stable" control for larege-scale networks with chaotic dynamics.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.47-49
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• 2001

본 연구는 표고원목 해충인 털두꺼비하늘소(Moechotypa diphysis)의 성충에 대한 benfuracarb와 ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin의 표고원목 약제 처리시 잔효성과 방제효과 및 실내에서 이들 약제의 표고균사생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 잔효성 시험결과 benfuracarb가 15일째까지${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin은 20일째까지 90%이상의 살충활성을 나타내었다. 방제시험에서도 두 약제 모두 100%의 방제가를 나타내었으며, 이들 약제는 표고균사 생장에 미치는 영향도 적었다. 이상의 결과에서 benfuracarb와 ${\lambda}$-cyhalothrin은 털두꺼비하늘소의 방제에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2017

본 연구는 피부의 각질층에 분포되어 있는 유지질의 변화 상태를 조절하는 구조체계에 대해 고안한다. 피부구조에 유지질 성분이 어떻게 진행되는지 형태학으로 구성하였고, 주어진 세포사이와 세포횡단의 조건으로 기계적으로 조절되는 형태를 구성하였으며, 구조적인 기능으로 조절기능의 변화 상태를 확인하였다. 유지질 성분에서 피부의 모형을 구성하여 각층에 따른 유기질 상태의 피부 임피던스를 피부의 측정 임피던스 시스템으로 구성하여 진행하였다. 측정 임피던스는 ${\lambda}-Lip-RSC$, ${\lambda}-Lip-RSL$, ${\lambda}-Lip-CSG$, ${\lambda}-Lip-CSS$ 와 ${\lambda}-Lip-RSB$로 형성하였고, 세포사이와 세포횡단의 조건으로 변화의 차가 있고, 변환을 제어하는 전달시스템을 구성과 변환모델을 세분화하여 구축하였다. 앞으로 유지질 상태에서 피부의 기능적 효능조절이 가능한 유지질 성분의 조절시스템을 구성하여 지속적인 피부의 개선효과가 진행 될 것으로 예상된다.

• 공학논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2004

DWDM과 광 스위칭 장비의 발달로 $MP{\lambda}S$ 네트워크는 트래픽 플로우에 광 파장(lambda)을 매핑하여 DiffServ 형태의 QOS 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 $MP{\lambda}S$ 네트워크에서 사용자와 $MP{\lambda}S$ 네트워크사이의 QOS서비스 제공을 위한 서비스 접속 구조를 기술하고, IETF에서 정의하는 트래픽제어 요소를 이용하여 DiffServ 형태의 QOS서비스를 구현하기 위한 트래픽 제어 블락을 구현하는 방법을 기술하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.263-265
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• 2007

An ultrasonic linear motor using lambda shape vibrators has been designed and fabricated. The multiway ultrasonic motors mainly consist of an lambda shape ultrasonic vibrator which generates elliptical motions in beat. The lambda shape ultrasonic linear motor use longitudinal and bending vibration mode. In order to high precision motion control and multiway moving, piezoceramics were adhered to lambda shape brass elastic material. The finite element method was used to optimize dimension of ultrasonic vibrator and direction of vibratory displacement. As a result of estimating the characteristics of the ultrasonic linear motor, The results have shown that the lambda shape ultrasonic linear motor can be moved multiwav by using the phase control. Close agreement between the FEM results and experimental results obtained for the lambda shape ultrasonic linear motor.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.587-594
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• 2008

In this paper, an efficient integer ambiguity resolution method for GNSS attitude determination system is described. The proposed method solves the integer least-squares with quadratic equality constraints(ILSQE) problem and shows an expansion of the LAMBDA method can be used to solve it. The solution of ILSQE is shown and an efficient implementation with a LAMBDA based method is given. The method is compared with some other methods. The results of static and dynamic tests show the dramatic improvement of the success rates of integer ambiguity resolution.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); 포항공과대학교, 포항; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.1115-1119
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• 1996

The objective of this paper is to study on the idle speed control sing the fuzzy logic controller under load disturbance. The inputs of the fuzzy controller are error of rpm and rpm variation. The output of fuzzy controller is an ISC motor step. The airflow is controlled by the ISC motor movement and the idle speed is controlled by the airflow control. During the control, air to fuel ratio was checked by LAMBDA sensor. All experiments were carried in real vehicle.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.865-872
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• 2019

대기압에서의 Ar 직류 글로우방전 현상을 1차원 유체모델을 통하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. Ar 기체방전의 여기입자들로부터 방출되는 광원으로서 4가지(${\lambda}_{128nm}$, ${\lambda}_{727nm}$, ${\lambda}_{912nm}$ 그리고 ${\lambda}_{966nm}$) 파장의 빛을 검토하였다. 그 결과, 사인형태의 전원 전압을 인가하였을 경우, ${\lambda}_{128nm}$와 ${\lambda}_{727nm}$의 광원이 직류 전압파형을 인가하였을 때보다 거의 2배에 가까운 빛을 방출하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 전원전압의 스위칭 시간이 짧을수록, ${\lambda}_{128nm}$와 ${\lambda}_{727nm}$의 방출이 더 많아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 하전입자에 의한 줄 열과 소모 전력에 관해서도 논의하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.794-799
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• 2005

Robust DC-DC converter which can cover extensive load changes and also input voltage changes with one controller is needed. In this paper, we propose a method for determining the parameters of 2DOF digital controller which makes the control bandwidth wider, and at the same time makes a variation of the output voltage very small at sudden changes of resistive load and the input voltage. The 2DOF digital controller whose parameters are determined by the proposed method is actually implemented on a DSP and is connected to a DC-DC converter. Experimental studies demonstrate that this type of digital controller can satisfy given specifications.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2000년도 국제심포지움 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.45-67
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• 2000

2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) is a mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amino found in cooked meat. The in vivo mutagenicity and hepatocarcinogenicity of MeIQx were examined in mice harboring the lacZ mutation reporter gene ($Muta^{TM}$ Mice) and bitransgenic mice over-expressing the c-myc oncogene. C57B1/$\lambda$lacZ and bitransgenic c-myc (albumin promoter)/$\lambda$lacZ mice were bred and weaned onto an AIN-76 based diet containing $0.06\%$ (w/w) MeIQx or onto control diet. After 30 weeks on diet, only male bitransgenic mice on MeIQx developed hepatocellular carcinoma ($100\%$ incidence) indicating that there was synergism between c-myc over-expression and MeIQx. By 40 weeks, hepatic tumor incidence was $100\%$ ($17\%$) and $44\%$ ($0\%$) in male c-myc/$\lambda$lacZ and C57B1/$\lambda$lacZ mice given MeIQx (or control) diet, respectively, indicating that either MeIQx or c-myc over-expression alone eventually induced hepatic tumors. At either time point, mutant frequency in the lacZ gene was at least 40-fold higher in MeIQx-treated mice than in control mice of either strain. These findings suggest that MeIQx-induced hepatocarcinogenesis is associated with MeIQx-induced mutations. Elevated mutant frequency in MeIQx-treated mice also occurred concomitant with the formation of MeIQx-guanine adducts as detected by the $^{32}P$-postlabeling assay. Irrespective of strain or diet, sequence analysis of the lacZ mutants from male mouse liver showed that the principal sequence alteration was a single guanine-base substitution. Adenine mutations, however, were detected only in animals on control diet. MeIQx-fed mice harboring the c-myc oncogene showed a l.4-2.6-fold higher mutant frequency in the lacZ gene than mice not carrying the transgene. Although there was a trend toward higher adduct levels in c-myc mice, MeIQx-DNA adduct levels were not significantly different between c-myc/$\lambda$lacZ and C57B1/$\lambda$lacZ mice after 30 weeks on diet. Thus, it appeared that factors in addition to MeIQx-DNA adduct levels, such as the enhance rate of proliferation associated with c-myc over-expression, may have accounted for a higher mutant frequency in c-myc mice. In the control diet groups, the lacZ mutant frequency was significantly higher in c-myc/$\lambda$lacZ mice than in 057B1/$\lambda$1acZ mice. The findings are consistent with the notion that c-myc over-expression is associated with an increase in mutagenesis. The mechanism for the synergistic effects of c-myc over-expression on MeIQx hepatocarcinogenicity appears to involve an enhancement of MeIQx-induced mutations.