• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.205-211
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• 2022

Probiotics can effectively modulate host immune responses and prevent gastrointestinal diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus brevis KU15152 isolated from kimchi and its protective potential against intestinal inflammation induced by Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid (aLTA). L. brevis KU15152 exhibited a high survival rate in artificial gastric and bile environments. Additionally, the adhesion capability of the strain to HT-29 cells was higher than that of L. rhamnosus GG. L. brevis KU15152 did not produce harmful enzymes, such as β-glucuronidase, indicating that it could be used as a potential probiotic. The anti-inflammatory potential of L. brevis KU15152 was determined in HT-29 cells. Treatment with L. brevis KU15152 suppressed the production of interleukin-8 without inducing significant cytotoxicity. The downregulatory effects of L. brevis KU15152 were involved in the suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B activation mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt signaling pathways. Collectively, these data suggest that L. brevis KU15152 can be used in developing therapeutic and prophylactic products to manage and treat aLTA-induced intestinal damage.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.473-482
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• 2003

In vivo protective and in vitro inhibitory activities of Lactobacillus casei YIT 9018. against typical enteritis causing Salmonella enteritidis KU101 and IgA level after challenge have been determined. In order to identify the strains of lactobacilli the sequences of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region were determined. All the test strains of Lactobacillus spp. inhibited Salmonella enteritidis, the intensity varied depending upon the species of lactobacilli. Effects on the survival rate of the mouse after challenge with Salmonella enteritidis KU101 on feeding Lactobacillus spp. have shown the highest survival rate in L. helveticus CU 631 followed by L. casei YIT 9018 and L. johnsonii C-4 and the lowest in control mice. The higher level of total Ig A concentration in the intestinal fluid of lactobacilli fed mice than control mice was observed. The sequences of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region of seven strains of Lactobacillus casei could be utilized as a strain identification, those sequences showed some degree of difference in homology.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2015

This study was conducted to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from dog intestine and identify potential probiotic strains for canine use. One hundred and one LAB were isolated from feces of 20 healthy dogs. Acid, bile, and heat resistance along with adherence to Caco-2 cells and antimicrobial activity against pathogens were examined. To analyze immunomodulative effects, the production of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-$1{\beta}$ was measured using RAW 264.7 macrophages. Additionally, RAW BLUE cells were used to evaluate nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) generation. Ultimately, three strains were selected as canine probiotics and identified as Lactobacillus reuteri L10, Enterococcus faecium S33, and Bifidobacterium longum B3 by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The L10 and S33 strains showed tolerance to pH 2.5 for 2 h, 1.0% Oxgall for 2 h, and $60^{\circ}C$ for 5 min. These strains also had strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KCTC 1682, Salmonella Enteritidis KCCM 12021, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1621, and Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 3569. All three strains exerted better immunomodulatory effects than Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), a well-known commercial immunomodulatory strain, based on NO, NF-${\kappa}B$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and TNF-${\alpha}$ production. These results suggested that the three selected strains could serve as canine probiotics.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.554-569
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus plantarum K10. The ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitory activity, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity, and lipase inhibitory activity of L. plantarum K10 was $94.66{\pm}4.34%$, $99.78{\pm}0.12%$, and $87.40{\pm}1.41%$, respectively. Moreover, the strain inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells ($32.61{\pm}8.32%$) at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. In order to determine its potential for use as a probiotic, we investigated the physiological characteristics of L. plantarum K10. L. plantarum K10 was resistant to gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. It also showed higher Leucine arylamidase, Valine arylamidase, and ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activities. Moreover, it was comparatively tolerant to bile juice and acid, exhibiting resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 90.71%, 11.86%, 14.19%, and 23.08%, respectively. The strain did not produce biogenic amines and showed higher adhesion to HT-29 cells compared to L. rhamnosus GG. As a result of the animal study, L. plantarum K10 showed significantly lower body weight compared to the high-fat diet group. The administration of L. plantarum K10 resulted in a reduction of subcutaneous fat mass and mesenteric fat mass compared to the high-fat diet (HFD) group. L. plantarum K10 also showed improvement in gut permeability compared to the HFD positive control group. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum K10 has potential as a probiotic with anti-obesity effects.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.277-283
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• 2023

Purpose: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common condition in infants, but little is known about healthcare providers' clinical experience treating infants with CMPA. To address this gap, we analyzed prospectively collected data from healthcare providers (HCPs) who treated infants under six months old with suspected CMPA using hypoallergenic formulas. The study focused on a commercial extensively hydrolyzed formula containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC53103) (eHF-LGG) or a commercial amino acid formula (AAF). Methods: In this secondary analysis of prospectively collected survey data, 52 HCPs treated 329 infants under six months old with suspected CMPA using hypoallergenic formulas. A series of two de-identified surveys per patient were collected by HCPs to assess short-term symptom relief in the patients and HCP's satisfaction with the management strategies. The initial survey was completed at the initiation of treatment of CMPA, and the second survey was completed at a follow-up visit. Results: The majority of HCPs (87%) in the study were general pediatricians, and most saw 2 to 10 CMPA patients weekly. Results showed that clinicians reported satisfaction with treatment in 95% of patients in the EHF cohort and 97% of patients in the AAF cohort and achieved expected clinical results in 93% and 97% of patients using eHF and AAF, respectively. Furthermore, few patients were switched from the hypoallergenic formula once initiated. Conclusion: The study provides new insights into HCP perspectives on treating infants with CMPA and supports using hypoallergenic formulas to manage this condition. However, additional prospective controlled studies are needed to confirm these initial findings.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.161-172
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• 2024

This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of lactic acid bacteria ferments cultured in industrial medium with ethanol extract of ramie leaf (Boehmeria nivea L.). On the 4th day of fermentation, the maximum live cell counts were 8.75-8.85 log CFU/mL, pH was 3.74-3.79, and total acidity was 2.07-2.19%. The fermentation of lactic acid bacteria on the fourth day resulted in the amount of lactic acid reaching 1,676.03-1,910.12 mg%. The lipase inhibitory activities of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) JBLAB0101 (FRLPLA) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG, (FRLLGG)) ferments were 30.10%, and 25.63%, respectively, at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. The lipid accumulation, leptin production, PPAR-γ and SREBP-1c mRNA levels were decreased to 37.54%, 54.64%, 24.18%, and 31.32%, respectively, at 200 ㎍/mL concentration of FRLPLA. These results suggest that anti-obesity effect could be increased by lactic acid bacteria in industrial medium with extract of ramie leaf.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.82-87
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• 2008

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation and is associated with hyper-production of immunoglobulin E (IgE). Recent studies have suggested that one of the treatments to alleviate symptoms of AD could be a supplementation of probiotics, Lactobacillus, Rhamnosus, Bifidus, etc. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotics on immune parameters in NC/Nga mice treated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitro-benzene (DNCB). To induce atopic dermatitis, DNCB was treated to the back of mice for 2 weeks. Then, NC/Nga mice were divided into the four experimental groups randomly. Probiotics fragment, probiotics with other complex (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12LbL, L. plantarum K8, L. plantarum K8 fragment, ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid), antihistamine, and distilled water were administrated orally to the NC/Nga mouse for 4 weeks of experimental period. The groups were probiotics fragment group (DPF), probiotics with other complex group (DPOC), antihistamine group (DAH) and distilled water group (DDW) as a control group. The levels of serum IgE, interlukin-4 (IL-4), interlukin-5 (IL-5), interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) and spleenocyte IgE were measured. The levels of serum IgE were significantly different among the four experimental groups. Before the treatment, there was no differences among the groups. However, from the first through the third week of the treatments, the levels of serum IgE in the probiotics (DPF, DPOC) and antihistamine (DAH) groups were lower than those of control group (p < 0.05). The levels of serum IL-4 of DPOC group was significantly lower than that of control group (p < 0.05) and serum IL-5 levels of DPF, DPOC, and DAH groups were significantly lower than that of control group. The levels of serum IFN-${\gamma}$ were not different among the four experimental groups. The levels of serum IgE in supernatant of spleen lymphocytes were not significantly different among the groups. These results suggest that probiotics supplementation showed partial effectiveness in the DNCB treated NC/Nga mice via modulation of IgE level and IL-4, IL-5 production. Based on these findings, probiotics exhibited the inhibitory effect via IL-4 production thereby inhibited the production of IgE in atopic animal model NC/Nga mice.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to characterize the lactic acid bacteria found in makgeolli in terms of bacterial identity and gastric compatibility. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from commercial raw makgeolli and separated into six strains that are resistant to gastric acidity and bile acid. These strains were identified by analysis of their 16S rDNA, as Lactobacillus plantarum BSM-2 and EHJ-1, Lactobacillus casei GSM-3 and EHJ-2, Lactobacillus brevis BSM-3 and Pediococcus pentosaceus TJH-1. All strains exhibited adhesion to intestines, showing that they were probiotic. We also found that L. plantarum BSM-2 had excellent resistance to bile acid as well as antioxidant activity. Taken together with its antibacterial properties and ability to lower cholesterol, our data suggest that L. plantarum BSM-2 was the most beneficial probiotic among the six strains.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2004

The ability of probiotics containing Lactobacillus acidophilus to adhere to the intestinal epithelium may play an important role in colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and preventing enteric pathogen such as enterohemorrhagic E. coli(EHEC O157:H7. In the study, we investigated the adhesion to human intestinal epithelial cells(HT-29) of strains of L. acidophilus(3 from human, 2 from pig, and 1 from calf). All of the tested strains of L. acidophilus were highly observed adhesion ability(from 10$\^$6/ to 10$\^$7/ cfu/mL), compared to L. rhamnosus GG as control. Also, adhered strains of L. acidophilus were significantly preserved in serial wash-out steps. However, no correlation could be observed between cell surface hydrophobicity and adhesion abilities of the tested strains of L. acidophilus. Inhibition of adhesion of EHEC O157:H7 was also examined, a 2 log cycle reduction was observed by all of the tested strains of L. acidophilus. These results suggest that the strains of L. acidophilus with high adhesion ability are resistant to wash-out and adhesion ability inhibition by selected strains of L. acidophilus helps to prevent adhesion of EHEC O157:H7 to intestinal epithelial cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.7
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2014

This study investigated the probiotic and functional characteristics of Mukeunji starter, Lactobacillus curvatus ML17, isolated from Mukeunji. Lb. curvatus ML17 was confirmed as a safe microorganism due to its non-hemolytic activity and non-production of harmful ${\beta}$-glucuronidase and ${\beta}$-glucosidase. Tolerance to artificial gastric and bile juice of Lb. curvatus ML17 was investigated. After incubation in artificial gastric and bile juice, the number of surviving cells was $1.38{\times}10^8$ CFU/mL. According to the results of adhesion assay, this strain also exhibited good adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Lb. curvatus ML17 showed good antimicrobial activity against food borne pathogens, especially Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cell-free extract of Lb. curvatus ML17 exhibited high levels of DPPH scavenging capacity and inhibitory effects on growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. These results suggest that Lb. curvatus ML17 has potential for application in functional foods.