• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

Human malignant melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer which has been rising at a greater rate than any other cancers. Although various new therapeutic methods have been developed in previous studies, this disease has properties of high proliferation and metastasis rate which remain obstacles that have lead to a poor prognosis in patients. It has been reported that a specific Lactobacillus extract has anti-cancer and -metastasis effect in vitro and in vivo. However, previous research has not specified precisely what effect the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) extract has had on human malignant melanomas. In this study, we showed that the LGG extract has anti-cancer and -metastasis effects on the human malignant melanoma cell lines, A375P and A375SM. At first, it was found that, while the LGG extract affects human neonatal dermal fibroblasts slightly, it induced the dose-dependent anti-cancer effect on A375P and A375SM by a WST-1 proliferation assay. As a result of a real-time PCR analysis, the expression patterns of several genes related to cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis were modulating in a manner that inhibited the growth of both malignant melanoma cell lines after the treatment of the LGG extract. Furthermore, genes related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition were down-regulated, and migration rates were also decreased significantly by the LGG extract. Our study showed that the LGG extract could be used as a potential therapeutic source.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2020

Purpose: Gastrointestinal symptoms are often related to antibiotic treatment. Their incidence, risk and protective conditions in children are not well defined and represent the aims of this study. Methods: We prospectively enrolled inpatient children submitted to antibiotic treatment. Indication, type, dose and duration of treatment, probiotic supplementation and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded at recruitment, after two and four weeks. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) was defined as the presence of at least 3 loose/liquid stools within 14 days from antibiotic onset. Results: AAD occurred in 59/289 (20.4%) of patients, with increased risk in children younger than 3 years (relative risk [RR]=4.25), in lower respiratory (RR=2.11) and urinary infections (RR=3.67), intravenous administration (RR=1.81) and previous AAD episodes (RR=1.87). Abdominal pain occurred in 27/289 (9.3%), particularly in children >6 years (RR=4.15), with previous abdominal pain (RR=7.2) or constipation (RR=4.06). Constipation was recorded in 23/289 (8.0%), with increased risk in children having surgery (RR=2.56) or previous constipation (RR=7.38). Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced AAD (RR=0.30) and abdominal pain (RR=0.36). Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and L. reuteri significantly reduced AAD (RR=0.37 and 0.35) and abdominal pain (RR=0.37 and 0.24). Conclusion: AAD occurred in 20.4% of children, with increased risk at younger age, lower respiratory and urinary tract infections, intravenous treatment and previous AAD. LGG and L. reuteri reduced both AAD and associated abdominal pain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1604-1613
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• 2018

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a probiotic commonly used in fermented dairy products. In this study, RNA-sequencing was performed to unravel the effects of acid stress on LGG. The transcriptomic data revealed that the exposure of LGG to acid at pH 4.5 (resembling the final pH of fermented dairy products) for 1 h or 24 h provoked a stringent-type transcriptomic response wherein stress response- and glycolysis-related genes were upregulated, whereas genes involved in gluconeogenesis, amino acid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism were suppressed. Notably, the pilus-specific adhesion genes, spaC, and spaF were significantly upregulated upon exposure to acid-stress. The transcriptomic results were further confirmed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Moreover, acid-stressed LGG demonstrated an enhanced mucin-binding ability in vitro, with 1 log more LGG cells (p < 0.05) bound to a mucin layer in a 96-well culture plate as compared to the control. The enhanced intestinal binding ability of acid-stressed LGG was confirmed in an animal study, wherein significantly more viable LGG cells (${\geq}2log\;CFU/g$) were observed in the ileum, caecum, and colon of acid-stressed LGG-treated mice as compared with a non-acid-stressed LGG-treated control group. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that acid stress enhanced the intestine-binding ability of LGG through the induction of pili-related genes.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.697-704
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 전통발효식품에서 분리한 유산균 200여종에 대하여 프로바이오틱 특성을 확인하였다. 내담즙성 및 내산성이 높게 측정된 유산균 4종을 선발하였다. 선발된 유산균은 Lb. plantarum SRCM102224, Lb. plantarum SRCM102227, Lb. paracasei SRCM102329, Lb. paracasei SRCM102343이다. 항균활성, 내산성, 내담즙성, 용혈성, 세포표면 소수성, 장내 세포 부착성, 항생제 내성을 조사하였다. 선발된 유산균 4종 중 SRCM102343은 세포표면 소수성이 95.9%로 대조구 Lb. rhamnosus GG는 13.4%보다 높게 측정되었다. 4종의 유산균의 장내상피세포 caco-2에 대한 부착능을 조사하였다. 그 결과, SRCM102343와 SRCM102329의 Lb. rhamnosus GG보다 부착율이 높았다. 선발된 유산균 4종에 대하여 항균활성 조사 결과, 그 중 3종이 Escherichia coli ATCC 10798, Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 11593, Listeria invanovii KCTC3444, Bacillus cereus ATCC11778 및 S. enterica serovar. Typhi KCTC1926에 대하여 항균활성이 뛰어났다. 이들 결과를 바탕으로 선발된 균주는 프로바이오틱의 가능성으로 기능성식품에 활용이 기대된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2002

Gastrointestinal infections kill over two million people each year, and pathogen contamination of livestock causes many cases of food poisoning. Two candidate intestinal probiotic strains, L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14 were found to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, L. innocua, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacteroides fragilis. In a series of mouse experiments, L. rhamosus GR-1 and L rhamnosus GG protected against S. typhimurium infection and translocation to the liver and spleen, reduced mortality and induced intestinal phagocytic and immunoglobulin responses. In a second series of experiments, the combination of L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14 was superior to L. rhamnosus GG and placebo in protecting the mice from the lethal effect of salmonella. In summary, the use of combinations of probiotic lactobacilli as dietary supplements or foods could be considered for people at high risk of salmonella intestinal infection. Given the post-infection complications that can arise, such natural methods warrant further exploration especially given the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance and the lack of alternative measures available to many developing countries.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1882-1888
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• 2010

생균제 개발을 위하여 한 종류의 유산균을 유아 분변으로부터 분리하였다. 이 세균을 16s rDNA 염기서열 분석을 통하여 확인해 본 결과 Lactobacillus rhamnosus로 동정되었다. 이 유산균은 호기성 조건에서도 잘 자라는 통성 혐기성 세균이었다. 이 유산균은 MRS 배지에 48 시간 액체 배양하였을 때 배양액의 pH를 2.4까지 낮추는 것을 확인 하였다. 이 유산균은 6 종의 병원성 세균, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, V. parahaemolyticus, S. typhimurium, and E. coli O157의 생육을 저해하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 유산균을 시판 중인 닭 사료에 섞어 먹인 후 분변의 악취를 조사하였을 때, 분변의 악취 중 약 80 %를 차지하는 황화수소는 대조구 보다 50 %가 감소하였고, 암모니아는 상대적으로 함유된 양은 적었지만 대조구 보다 70 %가 감소하였음을 확인할 수 있었다. 유산균 급이구와 대조구의 외형은 변화가 없었으며, 달걀 무게에 있어서 먹인 닭의 달걀이 평균 5 g 정도 무거워진 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.615-621
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• 2015

Lactobacillus plantarum FH185 was isolated from the feces of healthy adults. In our previous study, L. plantarum FH185 was demonstrated that it has anti-obesity effect in the in vitro and in vivo test. In order to determine its potential for use as a probiotic, we investigated the physiological characteristics of L. plantarum FH185. The optimum growth temperature of L. plantarum FH185 was 40℃. L. plantarum FH185 showed higher sensitivity to novobiocin in a comparison of fifteen different antibiotics and showed higher resistance to polymyxin B and vancomycin. It also showed higher β-galactosidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activities. Moreover, it was comparatively tolerant to bile juice and acid, and inhibited the growths of Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 44.76% and 53.88%, respectively. It also showed high adhesion activity to HT-29 cells compared to L. rhamnosus GG.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.430-434
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• 2003

In vivo antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus helveticus CU 631 and Lactobacillus spp. against typical enteritis causing pathogen Salmonella enteritidis KU 101 have been determined, which showed an increase in survival rate and the decline in viable cell numbers of pathogen in liver and spleen at sacrifice. A signifcant difference in the antagonistic effect against KU 101 were observed, which was species and/or strain dependent of Lactobacillus (p<0.01), the survival rate of the mice in the Salmonella infection by feeding L. helveticus CU 631 has been shown to be 157%, whereas those of L. rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, L. acidophilus ATCC 4356, L. johnsonii C-4 were 137%, 132%, 119% respectively on the basis of lactobacilli non-associated control KU101 fed mice to be 100%. Viable cells of S. enteritidis KU101 in the liver and in the spleen at sacrifice were decreased in Lactobacillus spp. fed group with no significant difference. The higher level of total secretory IgA concentration in the intestinal fluid of lactobacilli fed mice than control mice have been observed. In vitro antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus spp. against KU101 have been determined, a prominent antagonistic activity of CU 631 against KU 101 were demonstrated.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1231-1237
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 전통 발효 식품인 김치로부터 분리된 4개의 잠재적인 프로바이오틱스 균주의 안전성과 기능적 특성을 측정하기 위한 것이다. 담즙산염에 대한 높은 내성과 내산성 그리고 소수성 특성에 기초하여 한 균주의 Lactobacillus arizonensis (BCNU 9032)와 3 균주의 L. brevis (BCNU 9037, BCNU 9098 and BCNU 9101)는 선택되었다. 모든 균주는 pH 2.5에서 3시간 후에도 99% 이상 생존가능했고, 1%의 담즙산염에 내성을 보였다. 이들 균주는 특히 Echerichia coli와 Shigella sonnei 같은 다수의 식중독 원인균에 대해 우수한 항균활성을 보였다. L. arizonensis BCNU 9032와 L. brevis 9037의 콜레스테롤 수준을 감소시키는 능력은 시험관내 담즙염 가수분해 활성과 콜레스테롤 동화작용 시험을 통해 검증되었다. 게다가, L. brevis BCNU 9098과 BCNU 9101은 Caco-2 cells에 대해(각각 12.76, 11.86%) 상업균주인 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG 보다 높은 부착능을 가진 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과들을 이들 균주를 프로바이오틱스로서 사용할 수 있음을 제시하고 있다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2017

본 연구는 김치로부터 비만 억제능력이 있는 젖산균을 분리 및 동정하고, 이 균주의 생리적 특성을 규명하여 상업적으로의 이용가능성을 검토하고자 실시하였다. 이를 위해 Modified MRS 분별배지를 사용하여 노란색 집락을 형성하는 균주를 대상으로 각각 ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitory activity, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity와 lipase inhibitory activity가 우수한 균주를 선발한 결과 K6 균주가 최종 선발되었다. K6 균주는 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 억제활성 $96.78{\pm}3.29%$, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 억제활성 $92.55{\pm}9.62%$, lipase 억제활성 $85.17{\pm}0.79%$, 지방분화 억제활성 $27.4{\pm}1.4%$로 나타났으며, 동정결과 Lactobacillus plantarum으로 판명되었고, Lactobacillus plantarum K6으로 명명하였다. L. plantarum K6은 답즙산과 산성의 pH에서 모두 우수한 생존력을 나타내었고, 효소활성은 전반적으로 낮았으나 arylamidase와 ${\beta}-galactosidase$에 대해 비교적 높은 효소 활성을 나타내었다. 항생제 내성 실험 결과 vancomycin, ampicillin, polymyxin B에 내성이 있는 반면 erythromycin에 감수성을 나타냈으며, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes와 Staphyloccous aureus에 대해 각각 51.8%, 42.4%, 61.6%와 54.9%의 억제 효과를 지니고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 아민을 생성하지 않으며, 장부착성은 대조구인 L. rhamnosus GG보다 우수하였다.