• 제목/요약/키워드: Lactic acid production

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후산 발효 적합 균주 선발 및 특성 (Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria That Cause Decrease in Post-Fermentation to Apply Product)

  • 손지양;김세헌
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2013
  • Emerging studies suggest that vegetables or fruit juices deemed to be potential alternative base medium for lactic acid bacteria fermentation. Until now, limited studies have been carried out to evaluate such applications. Thus, the objective of present study is that lactic acid bacteria were evaluated for their viability at low pH, growth during storage at low temperature, and $CO_2$ formation. Furthermore, the effects of grapefruit extract with respect to cell viability, sensory ability, and organic acid production were evaluated for these strains. The probiotic properties of the strains, including acid tolerance, bile tolerance, and adhesion to human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29 cells), prebiotic characteristics, and safety features were examined. All strains survived in MRS medium broth adjusted to pH 3.8, at $10^{\circ}C$ for 6 days, and did not produce $CO_2$ to check post fermentation. The medium of grapefruit extract fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum CJIH 203 resulted in maximal viable counts, compared with other strains, and the extract subsequently tasted sour due to the presence of lactic acid. Lactobacillus plantarum CJIH203 was highly resistant to artificial gastric juice and intestinal juice, while Lactococcus lactis SJ09 strongly adhered to HT-29 cells. Tagatose showed the greatest ability to enhance the growth of L. plantarum SJ21, relative to the other strains. All strains were verified by safety tests such as hemolysis, gelatin hydration, and urea degradation. Therefore, these strains could be promising candidates for use in reducing excessive post-fermentation and functional products.

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Stimulating the Growth of Kefir-isolated Lactic Acid Bacteria using Addition of Crude Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Extract

  • Kim, Dong-Hyeon;Jeong, Dana;Oh, Yong-Taek;Song, Kwang-Young;Kim, Hong-Seok;Chon, Jung-Whan;Kim, Hyunsook;Seo, Kun-Ho
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.93-97
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    • 2017
  • Linum usitatissimum L. (flaxseed) is emerging as an important functional food ingredient because of its rich contents, namely, ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid (ALA, omega-3 fatty acid), lignans, and fiber, which are potentially beneficial for human health. Furthermore, flax or flaxseed oil has also been incorporated as a functional food ingredient into various foods such as milk, dairy products, and meat products. Flaxseed is known to possess antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo, but its growth-stimulating effect on lactic acid bacteria is not clear. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine whether crude flaxseed extract stimulated the growth kefir-isolated lactic acid bacteria in vitro. The result of this study showed that Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens DN1, Lactobacillus brevis KCTC3102, Lactobacillus bulgaricus KCTC3635, and Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC3105 treated with $100{\mu}L$ of crude flaxseed extract showed significantly higher growth than the control treated with $100{\mu}L$ of water (p<0.05). Based on the results of this study, crude flaxseed extract could be used as a growth stimulator for lactic acid bacteria in various food applications, including production of milk and dairy products.

김치 유산균 발효 혼합생약재 추출물의 강화된 대식세포 활성 (Enhanced Macrophage Stimulatory Activities of Extracts from Kimchi Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Mixed Herbal Medicines)

  • 김가을에;신현영;정세빈;하은지;정은진;신지영;유광원
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.399-410
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    • 2022
  • To enhance the bioavailability and bioactivities of mixed herbal medicines (RW), they were fermented with lactic-acid bacteria isolated from kimchi into postbiotics (FRW). Then, from the results of the 16s rRNA sequencing analysis, lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi were identified to be of two species, namely Lactobacillus sakei and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The FRW prepared from the RW were extracted using hot water (HW) and 70% EtOH (EtOH) for comparison of their macrophage-stimulating activities. Based on a comparison of the activities of the FRW extracts, nitric oxide (NO) production of HW was significantly higher than that in EtOH. An analysis of the chemical properties of the extracts showed that HW had higher contents of neutral sugar and uronic acid than EtOH as well as contained a large amount of glucose. In addition, crude polysaccharide (CP) was prepared to enhance the macrophage-stimulating activity. The FRW-CP not only secreted immunostimulatory mediators but also increased the expression of immunostimulatory genes (iNOS, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6). The fractionated FRW-CP contained about 90% neutral sugars, and these sugars were mainly composed of glucose, galacturonic acid, and arabinose. Thus, FRW prepared by fermentation of RW with kimchi lactic acid bacteria were found to be immunostimulatory modulators.

Lactic acid bacteria strains selected from fermented total mixed rations improve ensiling and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of corn stover silage

  • Huang, Kailang;Chen, Hongwei;Liu, Yalu;Hong, Qihua;Yang, Bin;Wang, Jiakun
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • 제35권9호
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    • pp.1379-1389
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    • 2022
  • Objective: This study identified the major lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains from different fermented total mixed rations (FTMRs) via metataxonomic analysis and evaluated the ability of their standard strain as ensiling inoculants for corn stover silage. Methods: The bacterial composition of eight FTMRs were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Corn stover was ensiled without LAB inoculation (control) or with 1×106 cfu/g LAB standard strain (Lactobacillus vaginalis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus helveticus, or Lactobacillus paralimentarius) selected from the FTMRs or 10 g/t commercial silage inoculant (CSI) around 25℃ for 56 days. For each inoculation, a portion of the silage was sampled to analyze ensiling characteristics at time intervals of 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days, gas production (GP), microbial crude protein and volatile fatty acids as the measurements of rumen fermentation characteristics were evaluated in vitro with the silages of 56 days after 72 h incubation. Results: Lactobacillus covered >85% relative abundance of all FTMRs, in which L. pontis, L. vaginalis, L. reuteri, L. helveticus, and L. paralimentarius showed >4% in specific FTMRs. CSI, L. helveticus, and L. paralimentarius accelerated the decline of silage pH. Silage inoculated with L. paralimentarius and CSI produced more lactic acid the early 14 days. Silage inoculated with L. paralimentarius produced less acetic acid and butyric acid. For the in vitro rumen fermentation, silage inoculated with CSI produced more potential GP, isobutyric acid, and isovaleric acid; silage inoculated with L. helveticus produced more potential GP and isovaleric acid, silage inoculated with L. paralimentarius or L. reuteri produced more potential GP only. Conclusion: The standard strain L. paralimentarius (DSM 13238) is a promising ensiling inoculant for corn stover silage. The findings provide clues on strategies to select LAB to improve the quality of silage.

Effects of Combined Treatment of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes on Fermentation and Composition of Rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana Kunth.) Silage

  • Ridla, M.;Uchida, S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제11권5호
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    • pp.522-529
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    • 1998
  • This experiment was conducted to study the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculation either alone or in combination with cell wall degrading enzymes on the fermentation characteristics and chemical compositions of Rhodesgrass silage. Over to 1 kg of fresh Rhodesgrass sample a treatment of inoculant LAB with or without addition of an enzyme of Acremoniumcellulase (A) or Meicelase (M) or a mixture of both enzymes (AM) was applied. The treatments were control untreated, LAB-treated (application rate $1.0{\times}10^5cfu/g$ fresh sample), LAB+A 0.005%, LAB+A 0.01%, LAB+A 0.02%, LAB+M 0.005%, LAB+M 0.01%, LAB+M 0.02 %, LAB+AM 0.005%, LAB+AM 0.01%, and LAB+AM 0.02%. The sample was ensiled into 2-L vinyl bottle silo, with 9 silages of each treatment were made. Three silages of each treatment were incubated at 20, 30 and $40^{\circ}C$ for 2-months of storage period. All silages were well preserved with their fermentation quality has low pH values (3.91-4.26) and high lactic acid concentrations (4.11-9.89 %DM). No differences were found in fermentation quality and chemical composition of the control untreated silage as compared to the LAB-treated silage. Combined treatment of LAB+cellulases improved the fermentation quality of silages measured in terms of lower (p < 0.01) pH values and higher (p < 0.05) lactic concentrations than those of LAB-treated silages. Increasing amount of cellulase addition resulted in decrease (p < 0.05) of pH value and increase (p < 0.05) of lactic acid concentration. LAB + cellulase treatments (all cellulase types) reduced (p < 0.01) NDF, ADF and in vitro dry matter digestibility of silages compared with the control untreated silages. The fermentation quality and the rate of cell wall reduction were higher (p < 0.01) in the silages treated with LAB + cellulase A than in the silages treated with either LAB+cellulase M or LAB + cellulase AM. Incubation temperature of $40^{\circ}C$ was likely to be more appropriate environment for stimulating the fermentation of Rhodesgrass silages than those of 20 and $30^{\circ}C$.

우유와 쌀을 이용한 요구르트의 제조에 관한 연구 (Study on Preparation of Yogurt from Milk and Rice)

  • 홍외숙;고영태
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.587-592
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    • 1991
  • 본 연구에서는 우유에 탈지분유 또는 4종의 쌀을 각각 2%(w/v) 첨가하여 커드상의 요구르트를 만들고, 대조군(우유로만 만든 요구르트)과 비교하여 쌀의 첨가가 젖산균의 산생성 및 커드상 요구르트의 품질(관능성, 저장성)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였으며. HPLC를 이용하여 몇 가지 유기산을 분석하였다. 쌀의 첨가로 젖산균의 산생성이 대조군보다 촉진되었는데 현미의 촉진효과가 가장 현저하였다. 접종된 4종의 젖산균(Lactobacillus 3종, Leuconostoc 1종) 중에서는 Leuc. mesenteroides와 L. bulgaricus의 산생성도가 높았다. HPLC에 의한 유기산 분석의 결과를 보면 우유나 2% 현미를 첨가한 우유에 L. bulgaricus를 접종하여 24시간 발효하는 동안 lactic acid는 젖산균에 의해 생성되어 그 양이 현저하게 증가 하였으나, 우유 중에 들어있는 citric acid는 젖산균에 의해 이용되어 그 양이 현저히 감소하였다. 커드상 요구르트의 관능성은 쌀의 첨가로 표준시료보다 다소 저하되었으며, 쌀 첨가시료 중에서는 통일벼 첨가시료가 다른 시료보다 우수하였다. 커드상의 요구르트를 2주일간 $5^{\circ}C$ 냉장고에 저장하는 동안 산생성과 pH, 생균수에 거의 변화가 없어 저장성은 매우 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

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발효 소시지 제조를 위한 기능성 유산균의 선발 (Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Starter Culture for Making Fermented Sausage)

  • 한수민;김영주;이홍철;진구복;오세종
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.511-516
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    • 2006
  • 발효 소시지의 제조에 starter로 사용한 균주를 선발하기 위해 각 유산균 균주들의 ACE 저해 활성, 콜레스테롤 흡착능력, 발효 육제품 저장 중 S. aureus에 대한 저해 황성을 평가하였다. ACE 저해 활성은 L. plantarum L167이 가장 우수하였고(58.75%), 콜레스테롤 흡착 능력이 우수한 균주로는 L. plantarum L155를 선발하였다. 박테리오신을 생산하는 P. damnosus를 starter로 이용하여 제조한 발효 소시지에 S. aureus를 접종하여 상온 저장 중 생균수를 측정한 결과 저장 35일째에 대조구에 비하여 1 log의 균수 감소 효과가 나타났다.

Quality Characteristics and Quantification of Acetaldehyde and Methanol in Apple Wine Fermentation by Various Pre-Treatments of Mash

  • Won, Seon Yi;Seo, Jae Soon;Kwak, Han Sub;Lee, Youngseung;Kim, Misook;Shim, Hyoung-Seok;Jeong, Yoonhwa
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.292-297
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study was to compare the effects of adding lactic acid and pectinase, and chaptalization for the quality of apple wine and the production of hazardous compounds (methanol and acetaldehyde). The pH of all of the samples was below 4; therefore, mash seemed to be fermented without any issue. Total acidity was the highest in sample A due to lactic acid addition. Pre-treated groups (samples B, C, and D) showed higher total acidities than that of the control (P<0.05). Pre-treatments might influence the production of organic acids in apple wines. The control and pectinase added sample (sample B) had the lowest alcohol contents. Adding lactic acid produced more alcohol, and chaptalized samples produced more alcohol due to the addition of sugar. Adding pectinase with and without chaptalization was not effective for producing more alcohol. The control sample had significantly higher acetaldehyde content (2.39 mg/L) than the other samples (1.00~2.07 mg/L); therefore, pre-treatments for apple wine fermentation produced a lower amount of acetaldehyde. Among the pre-treated samples, samples C and D showed the lowest acetaldehyde content of 1.00 mg/L and 1.16 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, a significantly higher amount of methanol was generated for sample A (1.03 mg/L) and sample D (1.22 mg/L) than that of the control (0.82 mg/L) (P<0.05). Adding lactic acid or chaptalization was effective in reducing methanol and acetaldehyde in apple wines.

Antibiosis and Bacteriocin Production of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Kimchi

  • Bae, Sung-Sook;Cheol Ahn
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.109-120
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    • 1997
  • In order to elucidate roles of lactic acid bacteria(LAB) for the antibiosis occurring in th fermenting environment of Kimchi, 2.052 strains of LAB were isolated from Kimchi. Fifty tow strains which showed antagonistic effect against 4 indicator strains were finally selected and investigated. Based upon responses to protease treatment, antibiosis of the 52 strains of LAB were classified into 3 types. Type A antibiosis resulted from action of antibiotic-like substances which were not affected by protease treatment and which had broad action spectra against even natural inhabitants of Kimchi. Type B antibiosis was due to bacteriocin-like substances which were very sensitive to treatment of protease and more effective against foreign bacteria than original inhabitant microflora. Type C antibiosis was owing to proteinaceous compounds which were activated or induced by the presence of protease and then exerted antibacterial activities. Therefore, lactic acid bacteria appeared to contribute to antibiosis of Kimchi by the concerted action of these three different types of antibacterial compounds. As one of model system for type B bacteriocin, the antagonistic compound produced by LAB31-9 as well as th producer strain itself was further charaacterized. Strain LAB31-9 was identified as L. casei. Bacteriocin produced by LAB31-9 was proteinaceous and stable over wide range of pH and to various solvents, but very labile to heat treatment. Its mode of action was bactericidal. Based upon these data, bacteriocin produced by LAB31-9 was named as 'caseicin K319'. Genetic determinant for the bacteriocin production of LAB31-9 was located in the chromosome.

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Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Ground Corn Stover for the Production of Fuel Ethanol Using Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Escherichia coli K011

  • Vincent, Micky;Pometto III, Anthony L.;Leeuwen, J. (Hans) Van
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.703-710
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    • 2011
  • Enzymatic saccharification of corn stover using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Gloeophyllum trabeum and subsequent fermentation of the saccharification products to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli K011 were achieved. Prior to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for ethanol production, solid-state fermentation was performed for four days on ground corn stover using either P. chrysosporium or G. trabeum to induce in situ cellulase production. During SSF with S. cerevisiae or E. coli, ethanol production was the highest on day 4 for all samples. For corn stover treated with P. chrysosporium, the conversion to ethanol was 2.29 g/100 g corn stover with S. cerevisiae as the fermenting organism, whereas for the sample inoculated with E. coli K011, the ethanol production was 4.14 g/100 g corn stover. Corn stover treated with G. trabeum showed a conversion 1.90 and 4.79 g/100 g corn stover with S. cerevisiae and E. coli K011 as the fermenting organisms, respectively. Other fermentation co-products, such as acetic acid and lactic acid, were also monitored. Acetic acid production ranged between 0.45 and 0.78 g/100 g corn stover, while no lactic acid production was detected throughout the 5 days of SSF. The results of our experiment suggest that it is possible to perform SSF of corn stover using P. chrysosporium, G. trabeum, S. cerevisiae and E. coli K011 for the production of fuel ethanol.