• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2023

Tick infestation causes a significant threat to human and animal health, requiring effective immunological control methods. This study aimed to investigate the potential of recombinant Haemaphysalis longicornis enolase protein for tick vaccine development. The exact mechanism of the recently identified enolase protein from the H. longicornis Jeju strain remains poorly understood. Enolase plays a crucial role in glycolysis, the metabolic process that converts glucose into energy, and is essential for the motility, adhesion, invasion, growth, and differentiation of ticks. In this study, mice were immunized with recombinant enolase, and polyclonal antibodies were generated. Western blot analysis confirmed the specific recognition of enolase by the antiserum. The effects of immunization on tick feeding and attachment were assessed. Adult ticks attached to the recombinant enolase-immunized mice demonstrated longer attachment time, increased bloodsucking abilities, and lower engorgement weight than the controls. The nymphs and larvae had a reduced attachment rate and low engorgement rate compared to the controls. Mice immunized with recombinant enolase expressed in Escherichia coli displayed 90% efficacy in preventing tick infestation. The glycolytic nature of enolase and its involvement in crucial physiological processes makes it an attractive target for disrupting tick survival and disease transmission. Polyclonal antibodies recognize enolase and significantly reduce attachment rates, tick feeding, and engorgement. Our findings indicate that recombinant enolase may be a valuable vaccine candidate for H. longicornis infection in experimental murine model.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2001

This study investigated whether infant child care experience, alone or in combination with mother/child factors, is associated with attachment security. Participants were forty 12-to 18-month-old infants and their mothers. Infants were observed in the Strange Situation to assess the pattern of infant-mother attachment; the Observational Ratings of the Caregiving Environment was used to assess the caregiving environment. Mothers were interviewed with the questionnaires and observed in the laboratory "living room". There were significant main effects of maternal sensitivity and responsiveness and of stability of care on attachment security and on insecure/avoidance. Significant interaction effects revealed that infants were more likely to be secure when high maternal sensitivity/responsiveness was combined with good quality child care, non-maternal care initiated prior to six months of age, or care by close relatives.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1998년도 The 12th Symposium on Plant Biotechnology Vol.12
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• pp.119.1-119
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• 1998

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 입상활성탄에서 이온강도와 철첨착이 Enterococcus faecalis의 부착에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 야자계 입상활성탄(c-GAC), 철첨착된 야자계 입상활성탄(fc-GAC), 산세척된 야자계 입상활성탄(a-GAC), 그리고 철첨착된 산세척 야자계 입상활성탄(fa-GAC)에서 박테리아 부착을 관찰하기 위하여 두 가지 용액조건(NaCl 1, 10 mM)에서 칼럼실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, c-GAC에서 이온강도가 1에서 10 mM로 증가함에 따라 박테리아의 질량회수율은 77.3에서 61.6%로 감소하였고, a-GAC에서는 질량회수율이 71.6에서 32.3%로 감소하였다. 이는 이온강도가 증가함에 따라 입상활성탄에서 박테리아의 부착이 증진될 수 있음을 나타낸다. 한편, fc-GAC에서 질량회수율은 62.6% (1 mM)과 53.3% (10 mM)이었고, fa-GAC에서는 50.8% (1 mM)과 16.9% (10 mM)이었는데, 이들 질량회수율이 c-GAC와 a-GAC에서의 질량회수율보다 낮았다. 이는 철첨착에 의하여 입상활성탄에서 박테리아의 부착이 증진될 수 있음을 나타낸다. 본 연구는 입상활성탄에서 박테리아의 부착과 관련하여 이온강도와 철수산화물 첨착의 영향에 대한 정보를 제공하고, 나아가 표면이 변형된 입상여재를 이용한 미생물의 제거에 관한 지식을 증진시킬 것이다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2023

Purpose: The current study examined the retention and wear resistance of stud-type attachments made of high-performance polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) from the polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) family. Methods: The study sample included 10 PEEK or PEKK attachments that were mounted onto their male parts, designed on the upper aspect of the attachment, with a load of 30 N. Tensile stress was applied using an Instron machine to separate the male and female parts, and the maximum tensile stress to be applied was determined based on the retention force observed. The wear resistances of PEEK and PEKK were evaluated by measuring the inner diameter of the inserted female part 10 times. Results: The maximum tensile stresses of PEEK and PEKK were 56.26±0.58 and 69.12±0.92 N, respectively, with the maximum stress required to remove the PEKK specimens from the abutment being 12.86 N higher than that required to remove the PEEK specimens. Furthermore, PEKK exhibited higher wear resistance than PEEK. Conclusion: This study evaluated custom-made removable implant-retained attachment components for overdentures, wherein the female parts were made of PEEK or PEKK. The retention stress and wear resistance were evaluated based on the type of attachment material, and the results showed that both types of attachment inserts demonstrated clinically acceptable results in terms of retention.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.277-282
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to suggest the optimal method for reinforced earth retaining wall through the appropriate selection of reinforcing materials, development of design criteria. Thus, the efficient land utilization and securing safety in the train operation in service lines could be achieved. For this goal, a large scale shear laboratory test was carried out to evaluate the reinforced effect of earth body reinforced by attachment-type geogrid.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

For genetic engineering to be commercially viable, an efficient transformation system is needed to produce transgenic plane from diverse genotypes ("generalized protocol"). Development of such a system requires optimization of a number of components such as gene transfer agent, plant tissues competent for both regeneration and transformation, and control of transgene expression. Although several novel gene transfer methods have been developed for plane, a majority of stably transformed plane express the introduced genes at low levels. Moreover, silencing of selectable marker genes shortly after their incorporation into plant chromosomes may result in low recovery of transgenic tissues from selection. Matrix attachment regions (MARs) are DNA sequences that bind to the cell's proteinaceous nuclear matrix to form DNA loop domains. MARs have been shown to increase transgene expression in tobacco cells, and reduce position in mature transgenic plants. Flanking an antibiotic resistance transgene with MARs should therefore lead to improved rates of transformation in a diversity of species, and may permit recalcitrant species and genotypes to be successfully transformed. Literature review and recent data from my laboratory suggest that MARs can serve as a transformation booster in recalcitrant plant species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.172-182
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• 2023

At the time of host attachment, ticks are very sensitive to histamine, but during rapid blood sucking they paradoxically require histamine. Using a rabbit model, we studied the effects of histamine and antihistamine during attachment and fast-feeding in different life stages of Haemaphysalis longicorns. We examined how they responded to histamine and antihistamine by analyzing the detachment rate, histology of feeding lesions, and post-feeding behavior. A significant difference (P<0.01) was found in the detachment rate between experimental and control treatments throughout the observation period. Ticks exhibited a higher detachment rate (30.1%) at 12 h after histamine application during attachment time and on antihistamine-treated skin (25.4%) at 96 h during fast-feeding. After feeding on histamine-treated rabbits, the fully engorged body weights of larvae and nymphs were 0.7±0.36 mg and 3.5±0.65 mg, respectively. An average increase in body weight of 0.6±0.05 mg and 3.2±0.30 mg was observed for larvae and nymphs compared to the respective control weights. Nymphs and adults engorged after antihistamine treatment had an average body weight of 1.3±0.54 mg and 54±0.81 mg, respectively. An average decrease in body weight was observed in antihistamine-treated H. longicornis compared with control nymphs (3.3±0.42 mg) and adults (174±1.78 mg). Skin biopsies were collected after treatment, and differential histopathological characteristics were found between the treatment and control groups. Tick-infested skin collected from rabbits in the antihistamine-treated group lacked erythrocytes in the feeding pool, indicating that antihistamine impaired tick fast-feeding stage.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 1969

개구리(Rana temperaria) 상피조직의 세포간 접착부위를 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 새로운 절편방법을 시도하여 동 부위의 초미세구조를 밝혔으며, 세가지 세포간간 접착방법중 하나인 데스모솜(Desmosome)은 상피세포 원형질막을 따라 절서있고 빈번하게 배열되어 있음을 처음으로 밝혀냈다. 본 연구 및 관찰결과와 관련하여 피부 암세포의 성장기 전 과의 관계를 논의하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.666-672
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• 2004

Granular media filtration is used almost universally as the last particle removal process in conventional water treatment plants. Therefore, superb particle removal efficiency is needed during this process to ensure a high quality of drinking water. However, every particle can not be removed during granular media filtration. Besides the pattern of particle attachment is different depending on physicochemical aspects of particles and suspension. Filtration experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale filter using spherical glass beads with a diameter of 0.55 mm as collectors. A single type of particle suspension (Min-U-Sil 5) and pH control was used to destabilize particles. The operating conditions were similar to those of standard media filtration practice: a filtration velocity of 5 m/h. More favorable particles, i.e., particles with smaller surface charge, were well attached to the collectors especially during the early stage of filtration. This selective attachment of the lower charged particles caused the zeta potential distribution (ZPD) of the effluent to move to a more negative range. On the other hand, the ZPD of the effluent did not keep moving from less negative to more negative during the later stages of filtration, and this result was thought to be caused by two reasons: ripening effects and the detachment of flocs.