Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Efficacy of recombinant enolase as a candidate vaccine against Haemaphysalis longicornis tick infestation in mice

  • Md. Samiul Haque (Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Specialized Campus) ;
  • Mohammad Saiful Islam (Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Specialized Campus) ;
  • Myung-Jo You (Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Specialized Campus)
  • Received : 2023.06.24
  • Accepted : 2023.10.16
  • Published : 2023.11.30
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Abstract

Tick infestation causes a significant threat to human and animal health, requiring effective immunological control methods. This study aimed to investigate the potential of recombinant Haemaphysalis longicornis enolase protein for tick vaccine development. The exact mechanism of the recently identified enolase protein from the H. longicornis Jeju strain remains poorly understood. Enolase plays a crucial role in glycolysis, the metabolic process that converts glucose into energy, and is essential for the motility, adhesion, invasion, growth, and differentiation of ticks. In this study, mice were immunized with recombinant enolase, and polyclonal antibodies were generated. Western blot analysis confirmed the specific recognition of enolase by the antiserum. The effects of immunization on tick feeding and attachment were assessed. Adult ticks attached to the recombinant enolase-immunized mice demonstrated longer attachment time, increased bloodsucking abilities, and lower engorgement weight than the controls. The nymphs and larvae had a reduced attachment rate and low engorgement rate compared to the controls. Mice immunized with recombinant enolase expressed in Escherichia coli displayed 90% efficacy in preventing tick infestation. The glycolytic nature of enolase and its involvement in crucial physiological processes makes it an attractive target for disrupting tick survival and disease transmission. Polyclonal antibodies recognize enolase and significantly reduce attachment rates, tick feeding, and engorgement. Our findings indicate that recombinant enolase may be a valuable vaccine candidate for H. longicornis infection in experimental murine model.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies Program for Educating Creative Global Leader, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (grant number: 320005-4).

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