• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.8 no.spc1
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• pp.297-322
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• 2005

The paper aims to analyze the logic and power of open source software (OSS), and to show the ways in which Korean government and companies support developing countries in the field of software development. Many developing countries are considering software industry to be a strategic industry due to the fact that software industry seems to be labor-intensive, or rather knowledge-intensive industry. In this regard, developing countries without huge financial investment can achieve certain level of economic development while leveraging software industry. Concerning software development tools, among recent trends OSS has been regarded as a viable alternative software development tool for developing countries. In developing countries, OSS is believed to resolve some difficulties caused by proprietary software such as Microsoft Windows, which is too expensive to buy for users and developers in low-income developing countries. In this sense, OSS has been considered as only solution for software developing because OSS is able to reduce the cost of software development and to enhance the technological capabilities of developing countries. In addition to the benefit of low cost, we have to shed light on the business model of OSS that is not to sell software licence, but to provide technical support and services. In order to use OSS as much as they can, developing countries have to invest for educating human resources who can develop and implement software system using OSS. These OSS-related policies can lead developing countries to developed countries.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.275-282
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of a maternal-child health education program for nurses in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: One-group pre-posttest design was used. The maternal-child health (MCH) education program was given to nurses from 5 health centers in Tigray, Ethiopia. Knowledge and confidence levels were measured before and after each education session. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. Results: The topics of the 5 educational sessions were family planning, antenatal care, care during labor, immunization, and integrated management of neonate, and child illness. Knowledge scores (1st: Z=3.931, p=.001; 2nd: Z=6.189, p <.001; 3rd: Z=5.658, p <.001, 4th: Z=8.734, p <.001, 5th: Z=14.167, p <.001) and confidence levels (1st: Z=8.467, p <.001; 2nd: Z=4.183, p <.001; 3rd: Z=4.992, p <.001) improved significantly. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that the MCH education program for nurses was effective in developing the maternal-child health capacity of the nurses in Tigray, Ethiopia.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.203-225
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• 2015

Social care service has grown much with the introduction of Long-Term Care Insurance, but it remains difficult to answer in the affirmative to the question: are we providing sufficiently good care? This study has its purpose in figuring out what conditions are necessary to realize good care in our society. The study has used focus group interview (FGI) as a way to acquire realistic knowledge on the conditions that create good care and its deterring factors. The focus group interview, which targeted long-term care workers and facility heads, was conducted three times from January through March 2014, with each session taking about 3 hours. The analysis showed that the components of good care were mutual understanding and recognition through active interaction, making a good relationship based on mutual trust and respect, professionalism of care worker with flexible judgment that provides customized services, professionalism of center manager with appropriate intermediation, and the tripartite partnership among family, elderly, and care worker. Meanwhile, the deterring factors of good care were identified as devaluation of care labor, ambiguous job description and abuse, unprofessionalism of care worker and manager, inappropriate interference and indifference of family, and the structural constraints on long-term care environment.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.57-77
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• 2001

The Honam region has been recognized as one of the most lagging regions in Korea. Drawing upon some decompositions oi Gross Regional Domestic Product(GRDP) per head and labor productivity, the overall trend of inequalities in Korea has been revealed and the trajectory of the Honam region's economic change has been identified by examining how the region's economic performance changed relative to that of Korea in the 1990s. There are some findings. First of all, Korea is characterized by strong divergence in the development of its region economies, in terms o\ulcorner per capita GRDP, which relies upon productivity differentials rather than differences in employment rates. Second, the Honam region has displayed poor economic performances in terms of GRDP per head except for Jeonnam. Third, the dramatic fall in cumulative population growth relative to the national average has been an important factor in the Jeonnam's overwhelming economic performance measured by per capita GRDP. Fourth, the decline in the relative productivity of the Honam region is mostly explained by falling relative regional productivity growth in construction, transport and manufacturing, although it should be noted that the latter sector has made positive contribution to raising relative regional productivity of Jeonnam. Fifth, overall the shift in employment to service sector, especially to social, personal, public, health, education, other services other than distribution, hotels, catering has tended to support relative regional productivities, along with the positive contribution being made oi agriculture, forestry and fishing to relative regional productivity growth in the Honam region.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.629-636
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• 1996

The developments of mariculture fisheries depend on both the natural environmental inputs such as sun, rain, wind, tide and the economic inputs such as ships, fuels, facilities, labor. for the enhancement of mariculture productivity in Deukryang Bay, a new attempt has been made to connect the environmental resources and the economic activity within one system. This study applies EMERGY analysis that evaluates environmental energies, fuels, goods and services in terms of solar emjoelus. In total EMERGY use $(69.65\times10^{20}\;sej/yr)$ the natural environment inputs is $78\%\;(54.60\times10^{20}\;sej/yr)$. This means that the mariculture in Deukryang Bay depends on mainly environmental resources. Net EMERGY yield ratio was 4.63 which indicated high value as a resource, EMERGY investment ratio was 0.28 that means to gain 3.6 times energy from the natural environment than those of economy. If the fisherie's products are made by renewable EMERGY input to Deukryang Bay, the calculated carrying capacity of fishes, crustaceans, shellfish and seaweeds were 1,140, 110, 1,553 and 9,074 ton/yr, respectively. If the quantity of renewable EMERGY input to mariculture grounds in Deukrysng Bay was calculated-based on only shellfish product, shellfish products was estimated as about 1,195 ton/yr.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.111-121
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• 2007

Diagnosis and Prediction of urban industrial structure is a key subject for establishment of sustainable urban development plan. By this time, studies of industry-related urban spatial structure have been concentrated on measurement of space distribution by industry type mainly using data about urban industries or total worker numbers. Now, status of workers become an important issue so this study analyzed qualitative change of urban industrial structure in the view of space using work status classification system. For that, data for work status in 1994 and 2004 were collected in towns and villages, and space analysis units were coincided based on change data between 1994 and 2004. Then, it analyzed spatial distribution pattern of employment through qualitative standard called work status using GIS. The analysis results by work status type of Busan industrial structure in GIS circumstance were as below. First, traditional labor intensive industries met a limit and service and wholesale/retail sale industries went to be poor livelihood. Therefore, Busan's employment rate should be decreased and worker numbers were statistically increased, however, irregular and non-wage workers were suddenly increased. So, it was determined that the quality of employment in Busan area came down. Second, a traditional downtown area has dwindled; on the other hand, employment has been increased in new town or new industrial complex and in the area developed services rather than the manufacturing industry. It is expected that the result of this study may be meaningful as data to prepare for longterm industrial development plan through qualitative evaluation called work status as well as to make behavior pattern of industrial structure which is basis of urban development.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2014

Purpose: In protected crop production facilities such as greenhouse and plant factory, farmers should be present and/or visit frequently to the production site for maintaining optimum environmental conditions and better production, which is time and labor consuming. Monitoring of environmental condition is highly important for optimum control of the conditions, and the condition is not uniform within the facility. Objectives of the paper were to investigate spatial and vertical variability in ambient environmental variables and to provide useful information for sensing and control of the environments. Methods: Experiments were conducted in a strawberry-growing greenhouse (greenhouse 1) and a cherry tomato-growing greenhouse (greenhouse 2). Selected ambient environmental variables for experiment in greenhouse 1 were air temperature and humidity, and in greenhouse 2, they were air temperature, humidity, PPFD (Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density), and $CO_2$ concentration. Results: Considerable spatial, vertical, and temporal variability of the ambient environments were observed. In greenhouse 1, overall temperature increased from 12:00 to 14:00 and increased after that, while RH increased continuously during the experiments. Differences between the maximum and minimum temperature and RH values were greater when one of the side windows were open than those when both of the windows were closed. The location and height of the maximum and minimum measurements were also different. In greenhouse 2, differences between the maximum and minimum air temperatures at noon and sunset were greater when both windows were open. The maximum PPFD were observed at a 3-m height, close to the lighting source, and $CO_2$ concentration in the crop growing regions. Conclusions: In this study, spatial, vertical, and temporal variability of ambient crop growing conditions in greenhouses was evaluated. And also the variability was affected by operation conditions such as window opening and heating. Results of the study would provide information for optimum monitoring and control of ambient greenhouse environments.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.127-153
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• 2013

The trend of China's industry has been changed from manufacturing industry based on cheap labor market to service industries gradually as a whole. The investment of Korean corporations toward Chines service industry is gradually being increased. The importance of Chinese service industry related taxations such as business tax and value-added tax are growing. This study, therefore, examines the changes of investment environment and does the business tax and VAT of growing importance in China. From the point of view that the taxation on services is mainly related to the business tax or VAT, this study, also, examines the changes of present condition of investment and corresponding trends of the Korean corporations, in accordance with the domestic investment environment changes tied to the business tax and the VAT in China. With regard to the business tax and the VAT, this study looks into their features and tax requisition and also makes comparison between them and VAT of Korea. This study examines the problems and situations from the cases of separation, integration and trial integration of the business tax and VAT, and also does the development direction of the above two taxation and the corresponding strategy of Korea and her companies The purpose of this study is to provide information about the changing trends of investment environment and the business tax and VAT and to present corresponding plan for the corporations advancing into China.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.115-143
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• 2020

This study conducted a survey on the current status and satisfaction of libraries participating in the opening hours support project in order to continue it to meet the purpose of improving information access and life welfare. To this end, a questionnaire and interview survey were conducted for those in charge of opening hours for each library, and the results are as follows. First, the opening hours support project is a project that needs a strategy that fits the characteristics of the region and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to consider operating independently rather than relying on national support in the future through the preparation of regional-oriented operation plans. Second, it is necessary to establish a flexible operating model for opening hours that both employees and users can understand. Third, it is necessary to prepare an organizational operation plan that requires both duties and responsibilities along with the rights equivalent to existing regular employees. Fourth, in order for national public libraries in Korea to develop and implement a consistent policy for specific policies and projects, it is necessary to unify the separate public library operating system in the future. Fifth, it is necessary to prepare education and guidelines for the continuity and stable operation of the project, and to activate services other than labor costs, such as support for improving the space for the user's pleasant use.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.513-538
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• 2013

As a childcare program of TaeHwa Christian Women's Institution in 1921, the childcare system in Korea was incepted. Since then, the political foothold of childcare system has steadily been advancing to provide high quality services to young children. In almost a hundred-year-history of public childcare in Korea, depending on the changes enforced on the related laws and regulations and varying perspectives over time, the administration office accountable for childcare policies has been authorized to the Ministries of Health, Social Affairs, Education, Labor, Home Affairs, Rural Development Administration, and/or others. But as of 1991, under the enactment of Infant and Child Care Act, it was changed to be administered by the unified authority of the Health and Social Welfare Ministry. Then, in 2004 and 2007, its statutory authority, respectively, transferred to the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family and back to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Staring of the Infant and Child Care Act in 1991, Korean childcare policies have been managed by the dual systems of the Education Ministry and the Health and Social Welfare Ministry each holding jurisdiction over kindergartens and childcare centers, respectively. Faced with the recent marked decline of birth rate, diverse childcare policies are currently implemented in the pursuit of finding means to enhance the quality of childcare and to develop policies for the restoration of the low birth rate. This study presented distinct features of current childcare policies and discussed about future directions and challenges of these policies.