• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.179-189
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• 2022

Purpose: Based on the results of Grandey's Emotion Regulation Process Model and previous studies, this study was conducted to identify the relationship between emotional labor, communication competency, emotional intelligence, social support, and burnout, and to identify factors affecting burnout of nurses in outpatient department. Method: The participants were 190 nurses with more than six months of experience working at the outpatient department of a general hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from April 5 to May 28, 2021, and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results: Significant variables affecting burnout were emotional labor, communication competency, emotional intelligence, education, and total clinical experience. Social support showed a statistically significant negative correlation with burnout, but did not affect burnout. Burnout showed a statistically significant a positive correlation with emotional labor, and showed a negative correlation with communication competency, emotional intelligence and social support. We found a negative correlation between burnout and subjective health status. Emotional labor had a positive effect on burnout. Emotional intelligence, clinical experience for more than 10 years, communication competency, and education for masters or higher negatively affected burnout, respectively. They accounted for 49.2% of the total variance of burnout. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to reduce emotional labor, one of the major predictors of burnout for outpatient care. In order to prevent emotional labor that results in burnout, an integrated program that improves emotional intelligence and communication competency should be developed.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.322-331
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing job satisfaction in hospice nurses. The focus was on emotional labor and burnout. Methods: Between September 30 and October 18, 2013, hospice nurses (n=63) in 5 hospitals in 4 cities completed measures of emotional labor, burnout, and job satisfaction. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with the SPSS/Win 21.0 program. Results: The mean score per item for emotional labor was 3.0, the mean of burnout score was 2.7, and the mean job satisfaction score was 3.4. Emotional labor showed a positive correlation with burnout (r=.61), and a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.52). Burnout showed a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.64). The factors influencing job satisfaction were burnout (${\beta}$=-.65, p<.001) and clinical experience (${\beta}$=.25, p=.007). Burnout and clinical experience explained 57.0% of the variance in hospice nurses' job satisfaction. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate a need to develop strategies to prevent burnout and control emotional labor in order to increase job satisfaction for hospice nurses.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.101-118
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• 2022

Purpose: This is a descriptive research study that aims to identify factors affecting fatigue by examining the degree of emotional labor, job stress, and fatigue of 119 emergency medical technicians (119 EMTs). The correlation between emotional labor, job stress, and fatigue was also confirmed. Methods: A total of 139 EMTs working in the Daejeon area participated in this study. Data were collected from July 6-15, 2021. Results: When the number of dispatches was high and the job was dissatisfying, the degree of emotional labor was high. In addition, the shorter the work experience and the lower the job satisfaction are, the higher the job stress is. The degree of fatigue was significantly higher in female than male 119 EMTs, and when they had short work experience and were dissatisfied with their job, the degree of fatigue was higher. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between emotional labor, job stress, and fatigue of the 119 EMTs. Conclusion: To reduce emotional labor, job stress, and fatigue of 119 EMTs, appropriate interventions for each factor and institutional improvements are required.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.277-286
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• 1999

Pain is a complex perceptual experience that is profoundly influenced by a number of variables, differing in quality as well as in intensity. Therefore we need to understand the actual experience of multiparous women in order to provide basic information for nursing care. The purpose of the study is to explore the experience of labor pain. The data are collected through in-depth interviews of 17 multiparous women in city of Pusan from October 1998 to March 1999. The interviews were conducted 1-2 days after delivery in the admission room. Each interview lasted about 45 minutes on average. Subjects were interviewed one at a time. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the subject. Data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's Phenomenological analysis methods and categorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify themes and categories. Six categories that were identified were : 1) pain 2) regret 3) acceptance 4) maturity 5) accomplishment 6) newness. Under these categories there were seventeen themes. I. Pain: 1) too dependent on others 2) too painful 3) fear or anxiety from previous painful experience 4) avoidance of pain 5) couldn't control the pain II. Regret : 1) spouse's absence 2) unprofessional attitude of the staff 3) ignorance of other's towards their pain III. Acceptance : 1) took the pain for granted 2) accepted the pain as fate 3) endured the pain IV. Maturity : 1) appreciated the value of life 2) apprehension of parent V. Accomplishment : 1)is over sense of accomplishment 2) grateful the pain VI. Newness : 1) experienced a new feeling 2) quickly forgot the pain. The results of the study will provide basic data for labor pain management.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.645-661
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• 2021

구성작가가 우리나라 방송 제작시스템에 등장하여 핵심적인 생산 주체가 된 지 40년이 넘었다. 이 연구에서는 비드라마인 교양·예능·뉴스·라디오 등 다양한 방송 장르에서 프로그램을 기획·구성하고 자료조사와 섭외, 대본 집필에 이르기까지 무수한 역할을 해온 구성작가의 업무 정체성과 노동 경험에 구체적으로 알아보았다. 현업에서 일하는 20명의 구성작가의 자기기술지를 바탕으로 구성작가의 업무 정체성과 노동 경험에 대해 알아본 결과, 구성작가들은 '없어서는 안 될' 프로그램 생산 주체이자 미디어 문화생산자로서의 정체성을 가지고 있었으며 동시에 명확하지 않은 업무 분담으로 PD가 해야 할 일들을 떠맡고 있다고 느끼고 있었다. 이러한 불평등의 원인은 제작시스템과 고용형태의 문제라고 느끼고 있었으나 개별적으로 해결할 수 없다는 것을 인식하고 자신의 능력을 키워나가거나 일을 얻기 위한 인맥을 쌓고, 무조건 최선을 다하는 태도와 자신의 영역을 확장시키는 방법으로 각자도생의 생존전략을 펼치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.53-84
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• 2010

이 논문은 한국노동패널 조사 자료를 이용하여 실직자들이 겪는 임금 손실의 정도를 실직 발생 직후에서 부터 4년 후까지 분석하였다. 종전에 국내에서 이루어진 연구들에서는 주로 실직 직후에 발생하는 손실에 초점이 맞춰졌는데, 실직으로 인한 손실이 지속될 경우 이는 손실을 과소 추정하는 것이 된다. 논문의 분석 결과에 의하면 실직 발생 4년 후에도 실직으로 인한 임금 손실이 유의미하게 지속되는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 실직으로 인해 발생하는 일자리 경험의 손실과 반복 실직의 발생에 크게 영향 받은 결과인 것으로 나타났다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was intended to explore the essential structure and the meanings of childbirth experiences among Korean women participated in Lamaze childbirth education. Methods: Giorgi's phenomenological method was used to analyze data collected by in-depth interviews with six primiparous women from March to July 2009. Results: Five components identified in the meanings of experience: 'Simplicity', 'Self-control', 'Uncontrollable pain', 'Spiritual maturity', 'Physiologic event'. Conclusion: The study results revealed that the childbirth experience was positive generally, partially influenced by Lamaze childbirth education. But, meanings of childbirth experience with Lamaze childbirth education were mostly physiological respect related to labor pain or one's own efforts to endure labor pain. Therefore, nursing strategies for drawing emotional and socio-environmental experiences from childbirth experience with Lamaze childbirth education is needed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2007

가상세계란 전자적 커뮤니케이션에 의해 네트워크화된 3차원 컴퓨터 그래픽 기반의 인터랙티브 환경을 말한다. 오늘날 구현된 가상세계는 기존의 매체에서는 볼 수 없었던 장시간의 몰입을 가능하게 했고, 현실의 노동에 필적할 만큼 힘들고 지루한 장시간의 플레이는 일과 놀이의 경계를 무화시키며 재미노동의 개념을 탄생시켰다. 이러한 재미노동을 '노동을 자연에 가함으로써 자연이 부여한 물리적 한계를 극복하고 자연을 자신에게 더 고유한 존재로 만드는' 인간의 본질로서의 노동으로 긍정한다면, 정보사회에서의 구조적 실업 문제를 해결할 수 있는 획기적인 거대 서비스 분야 중 하나라고 조심스럽게 가정할 수 있다. 또한 재미노동은 돈과 시간과 관심을 지불한 만큼 의미 있는 경험을 하기 원하는 사용자들의 지각 능력과 행위주체성에 부합하는 새로운 형태의 노동일 수 있다. 이러한 현상은 다양한 가상세계를 편력하는 사이버 산책자로서 정의되었던 기존의 사용자 정체성 개념에 반론을 제기하면서, 가상세계의 사용자들은 오히려 하나의 가상세계에 오래 머물며 지속적이고 발전적으로 재미노동을 행하는 존재, 즉 주민의 정체성을 형성하고 있음을 나타낸다. 이렇게 가상세계의 사용자들이 주민성을 형성함에 따라 단체 행동권과 시민참여의 새로운 양식이 확산되어 가고 있으며, 이러한 현상이 사회적으로 미치는 영향을 관찰하는 일이 매우 중요해질 것이다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.534-548
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• 2012

This study investigates the emotional labor of fast fashion sales personnel using the qualitative research method. The research was performed through an in-depth interview with 10 sales personnel (managers, coordinators, head cashiers, and sales associates) who experienced fast fashion brands from July to October in 2011. The results of this study provide that fast fashion brands do have specific feeling rules and display behavior. Even though the sales personnel spend an extremely short time (about 1 minute) to serve customers, most of them experience exhaustion, fatigue, burnout and self-alienation because of emotional dissonance. Sales personnel do deep-acting and surface acting simultaneously and interviewees who have longer and more sales experience express less emotional dissonance. To reduce the negative results of emotional labor, the company plays an important role through the organizational culture; in addition, deep-acting could be recommended for a beginner until they are comfortable with sales. The results of this study provide the elements of emotional labor in a fast fashion and practical suggestions for store operation and sales personnel training.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2023

Purpose: The present study examined the psycho-emotional factors that affect the retention intention among advanced beginner-stage nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 118 nurses with a work experience of at least one to three years of work experience in a university hospital in Suwon, Korea. Structured questionnaires were used to assess retention intention, emotional labor, and resilience. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine factors affecting retention intention. Results: Retention intention had a moderate mean score (4.75 out of 8). Factors influencing participants' retention intention were founded in the order of resilience (β=.29, p<.001) and emotional labor (β=-.20, p=.011) after adjusting nursing satisfaction as a covariate. The multiple regression model accounted for 42% of the variance in retention intention (p<.001). Conclusion: Resilience and emotional labor may be primary factors influencing retention intention of advanced beginner-stage nurses. Therefore, this study finding suggested that psycho-emotional factors such as emotional labor and resilience should be considered while designing programs to increase nurses' retention intention.