• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2003

Fireproofing polyolefin nanocomposite for the application of power distributing panel was prepared by compounding linear low density polyethylene(LLDPE), decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO), $Sb_2O_3$ as flame retardant agents, and modified nano clay as filler. The optimized formulation ratio of compounds to prepare the fireproofing polyolefin nanocomposite was obtained. The flame retardant properties for nanocomposite prepared by compounding 22.5 phr of nano clay and 18 phr of DBDPO based on 100 phr of LLDPE were shown that the combustion time. 10${\sim}$18 s, combustion distance, 12${\sim}$15 mm and non-melt dropping characteristics. In particular. the content of DBDPO in nanocomposite could be decreased to 18 phr from 40 phr DBDPO for fireproofing composite containing 30 phr of clay. The electrical properties measured from tracking test, had an excellent antitracking properties by not showing the phenomenon of leakage current and sparking.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Environmental evaluation of two different oxygen high barrier films were performed using life cycle assessment. One of the films (traditional film) was composed of aluminum oxide coated PET film, ink, LDPE and LLDPE. Another film (new film) was consists of PET, ink, protein based coating material, LDPE, LLDPE. Main layer to achieve the high oxygen barrier for traditional film was aluminum oxide coated PET film, whereas the protein based coating material act as oxygen barrier layer for new film. Functional unit of this study was 1000 pouches made of traditional and new film. System boundary was factory to gate. The results of this study revealed that the new film shows better environmental performance for most of impact indicator than traditional film, except marine eutrophication and fine particulate matter formation due to extra coating process in new film system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

Twenty eight gas impermeable plastic films for food-contact application were collected in the domestic market and material and/or migration tests for overall migration, antioxidants, potassium permanganate consumption, heavy metal, and plasticizers were carried out. The average overall migration values for NY/PE or NY/LLDPE, PETP/PE, and PVDC packaging films obtained by using n-heptane as fatty food simulant were 7.6, 6.9 and 14.1 mg/L, respectively. These values were much lower than the limit values of 150 and 30 mg/L for polyethylene and polyvinylidene chloride prescribed in the Korea Food Code. In almost of the packaging materials tested, the antioxidants such as Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076 and Irgafos 168 were found. The migration test result showed that almost of all samples except PVDC film contained Irganox 1076 and Irgafos 168, while the maximum migration value of Irganox 1076 into n-heptane was found in the Ny/PE/LLDPE(15/25/50 ${\mu}m$) sample at the concentration of 216.9 ${\mu}g/g$. From the plastic packaging samples tested, plasticizers such as DEP, DPRP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DCHP, DEHP, DEHA and observed above the detection limit. Consumption amount of potassium permanganate was much lower than the limit value of 10 mg/L. In the material test for heavy metals, cadmium and lead were determined at the concentrations far below the limit value of 100 mg/kg. The migration test for cadmium and lead showed a lower value than the detection limit. Therefore, it can be concluded that the safety status of the plastic films tested met the requirement of limit values as prescribed for the material and migration tests of food packaging utensils, containers and packages of the Korea Food Code.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 2002

This study is to estimate that food waste bags with biodegradable plastic are really decomposed by microorganism in composting with food waste and to examinate how biodegradable plastic affects composting. 6 kinds of 30%, 4 kinds of 100% and 2 kinds of none biodegradable plastics were used in d1is study. In 30% biodegradable plastics the highest Degradation rare is 6% in meso-condition and 10% in thermal-condition. Srain at auto break decreased to 150% in meso-condition and 120% in thermal-condition. Stress at max load were also reduced to $180kgf/cm^2$ in mesocondition and $200kgf/cm^2$ in thermal-condition. Usually, LLDPE decreased larger than HDPE in physical characreristics but HDPE is higher in degradation rate. 1n stain at auto break and stress ar max load 100% biodegradable plastic declined to 230% and to $380kgf/cm^2$ in meso-condition and to 440% and to $400/cm^2$ in thermal-condition respectively. 100% biodegradable plastics showed higher biodegradation and decomposition then 30%. They appeared clearly through SEM observation. As a result, it was not appropriate to use 30% biodegradable plastics as food waste bag because they were not decomposed perfectly. It is possible to use 100% biodegradable plastic as it but cost is too high. So development of technique is needed.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.247-254
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• 2007

Heterogeneous anion exchange membranes were prepared by compression molding for the recovery of sulfate ion from waste water. The swelling ratio, transport number, and ion exchange capacity of the heterogeneous anion exchange membranes were increased and their electrical resistances were decreased as the amount of ion exchange resin content in the matrix was raised. The tensile strength of the heterogeneous anion exchange membrane was decreased with increasing the amount of ion exchange resin in the LLDPE. The tensile strength for the LDPE heterogeneous membrane containing 30 wt% anion exchange resin showed the highest value. The water content increased with increasing amount of ion exchange resin in the membrane. Moreover the highest transport number of the membrane was 0.86. The electrical resistance of LDPE matrix membrane with 50 wt% resin showed $46.5{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$. Current efficiency of electrodialysis for sulfate ion showed the highest value at the current density of $125 mA/cm^2$ in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acids solution.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2013

This study investigated the effect of functional MA films (FMA) incorporated with zeolite powder treated with 1 N HCL solution and anti-fogging agent on the freshness extension of Satsuma mandarin. Preference, weight loss, total ascorbic acid, sugar content, titratable acidity and gas composition in package of Satsuma mandarin were evaluated during storage at $15^{\circ}C$. After 120 days of storage, the weight loss of mandarin packed with LLDPE film (control, L) was 1%, FMA film (CA) was 1.6%. Total ascorbic acid content of Satsuma manderin in control was 19.97 mg%, those of CA was 24.25 mg%. The titratable acidity of Satsuma manderin in CA was higher than that of control, while soluble solids content of CA was lower than that of control after 120 days. Ethylene gas content of control was 89.5 ppm and those of CA was 73.6 ppm after 120 days. Quality of Satsuma mandarin packed with CA was better than that of control. It was verified that shelf-life of Satsuma mandarin in control was 100 days and those of CA film was 130 days. Quality of Satsuma mandarin was few different between treated with anti-fogging agent and non-treated, but commodity of film treated with anti-fogging agent was considered better than that of non-treated.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.103-106
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• 2016

This survey was performed by Kasetsart University Department of Packaging and Materials Technology on Food Packaging Industry in Thailand, was to conduct on the status and trends of food packaging industry to obtain the information on the plastic of packaging materials in food packaging in Thailand. The survey conducted by field visits, questionnaires, interviews and personal communication as well as published data from different sources. The ration of plastic consumption among the industries, packaging is showed 49%, textile 15% and construction 11% respectively. Numbers of company among packaging industry, film processing company is 503, injection molding is 231, blow molding is 216. Production volume of PP, HDPE, LLDPE and LDPE is 1,950 mil. ton, 1,920 mil. ton, 1,150 mil. ton and 685 mil. ton, respectively. Import of plastic 16,668 mil. baht and export is 33,778 mil. baht. Plastic consumption is plastic bottle and flexible pouch, mainly being used in beverage industry. The past decade as it has been replaced by flexible pouches and aseptic cartons in Thailand.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.3-8
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• 1999

An air-washer was developed in order to remove the soil on the films collected from agricultural use, The washed films were subjected to TGA analysis to measure the residual soil content and DSC analysis to evaluate composition as well as compositional ratro, Mechanical properties of washed films were measured via tensile test ,md the properties of washed films were compared with those of neat resin blend. Major component of air washed films was polyethylene, and compositional ratio was 10:6:3:1 (HDPE:LLDPE:LDPE:EVA). 30 min air-washed films showed 2.1 % of residual soil content, while the water washed films had 1.5%. Tensile properties of washed (air and water) films were almost same as those of neat resin mixture.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2016

We prepared heterogeneous ion exchange membranes (hetero-IEMs) for the application of membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). Hetero-IEMs were fabricated by compressing the mixture of ion exchange resin powders and liner low density polyethylene (LLDPE). Characterization and MCDI desalination experiments were carried for the fabricated membranes. Electrical resistance of membrane decreased and water content increased with increasing the resin content in the hetero-IEMs. However, transport number indicating permselectivity of membrane was similar with that of commercial homogenesous ion exchange membrane. The results of MCDI desalination experiments showed that the adsorption amount for hetero-IEM was about 90% of that of homogeneous membrane due to the high electrical resistance of hetero-IEM. Although desalination performance of hetero-IEM decreased compared with homogeneous membrane, it was thought to be applicable to MCDI because of simple preparation and low price.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.57-63
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• 1999

Wood-Polymer Composites (WPC) m s prepared irom recycled films of agricullural use and wood wastes, and LLDPE and neal PE resin mlxlurr war also utilized in order to cornpiue the praperlies. Molc~ca nhydride (MA) and dicumyl peroxide were used as an adheslon pmmoler and an il~lliatotor~, .espcmivelyT. ensile prapenies of W Cw zrc measured via lenslle test as a funclieu of woad lille~m d MA contmt, and rractu1.e surface was also mvestigaled wilh SEM. As the content of wwd tiller mcreased, clongauon deneased bul modulus increased However, tensile slrength OI WPC increased only when MA war used, and 1 wt.% of MA may be hgh enough to increase the tensile properties. The tensilc ptopcrlies af WPC prepwed from recycled PE films were &nost same as thosc of neal PE resin mixture.