• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.32-38
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• 2020

The deployment of geographically distributed wireless sensors has greatly elevated the capability of monitoring structural health in social-overhead capital (SOC) public infrastructures. This paper deals with the utilization of a distributed mobility management (DMM) approach for the deployment of wireless sensing devices in a structural health monitoring system (SHM). Then, a wireless sensing mechanism utilizing low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH)-based clustering algorithm for smart sensors has been analyzed to support the seamless data transmission of structural health information which is essentially important to guarantee public safety. The clustering of smart sensors will be able to provide real-time monitoring of structural health and a filtering algorithm to boost the transmission of critical information over heterogeneous wireless and mobile networks.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• summer
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• pp.330-333
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• 2004

Microsensor nodes is energy limited in sensor networks. If nodes had been stop in working, sensor network can't acquire sensing data in that area as well as routing path though the sensor can't be available. So, it's important to maximize the life of network in sensor network. In this paper, we look at communication protocol, which is modified by LEACH(Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). We extend LEACH's stochastic cluster-head selection algorithm by a Position-based Selection (PB-Leach). This method is that the sink divides the topology into several areas and cluster head is only one in an area. PB-Leach can prevent that the variance of the number of Cluster-Head is large and Cluster-Heads are concentrated in specific area. Simulation results show that PB-Leach performs better than leach by about 100 to $250\%.$

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.24-37
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• 2016

This paper proposes to increase the efficiency of energy in nodes, which rapidly drops during the transmission of the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), through the use of dual-hop layered application in the sensor field. Along with introducing the dual-hop method in the data transmission, the proposed single-hop method for short-range transmission and multi-hop transmission method between the cluster heads for remote transmission were also introduced. Additionally, by introducing a partial multi-hop method in the data transmission, a single-hop method for short range transmission method between the cluster heads for remote transmission was used. In the proposed DL-LEACH, the energy consumption of the cluster head for remote transmission reduced, as well as increased the energy efficiency of the sensor node by reducing the transmission distance and simplifying the transmission route for short-range transmission. As compared the general LEACH, it was adapted to a wider sensor field.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.7
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• pp.1293-1310
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• 2011

A simple modification of well known Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is proposed to exploit cooperative diversity. Instead of selecting a single cluster-head, we propose M cluster-heads in each cluster to obtain a diversity of order M. The cluster-heads gather data from all the sensor nodes within the cluster using same technique as LEACH. Cluster-heads transmit gathered data cooperatively towards the destination or higher order cluster-head. We propose a code combining based cooperative diversity protocol which is similar to coded cooperation that maximizes the performance of the proposed cooperative LEACH protocol. The implementation of the proposed cooperative strategy is analyzed. We develop the upper bounds on bit error rate (BER) and frame error rate (FER) for our proposal. Space time block codes (STBC) are also a suitable candidate for our proposal. In this paper, we argue that the STBC performs worse than the code combining cooperation.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2011

Cluster-based routing is high energy consumption of cluster head nodes. A recent approach to resolving the problem is the dynamic cluster technique that periodically re-selects cluster head nodes to distribute energy consumption of the sensor nodes. However, the dynamic clustering technique has a problem that repetitive construction of clustering consumes the more energies. This paper proposes a solution to the problems described above from the energy efficiency perspective. The round-robin cluster header(RRCH) technique, which fixes the initially structured cluster and sequentially selects cluster head nodes, is suggested for solving the energy consumption problem regarding repetitive cluster construction. A simulation result were compared with the performances of two of the most widely used conventional techniques, the LEACH(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and HEED(Hybrid, Energy Efficient, Distributed Clustering) algorithms, based on energy consumption, remaining energy for each node and uniform distribution. The evaluation confirmed that in terms of energy consumption, the technique proposed in this paper was 26.5% and 20% more efficient than LEACH and HEED, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.2B
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• pp.138-147
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• 2012

With the improvement of wireless communication and embedded technology, WSN is used at various fields. Meanwhile, because WSN is resource constrained, it is more vulnerable than other networks. To solve the security problem of WSN, we can use the traditional secure mechanism like as cryptography and authentication. But the traditional secure mechanism is not enough for all security issues that may be happened in WSN, especially attacks caused by the compromised node. So, we need the IDS as the second secure mechanism for WSN. In this paper, we propose the Specification-based Intrusion Detection Mechanism that makes LEACH, which is one of the clustering routing protocol for WSN, more reliable and safety.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.111-117
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• 2009

This paper presents an energy-efficient and bandwidth-efficient 2-1-1 relaying scheme in which a sensor node(SN) assists two others in their data transmission to a clusterhead in WSNs(Wireless Sensor Networks) using LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). We derive the closed-form BER expression of this scheme which is also a general BER one for the decode-and-forward cooperative protocol and prove that the proposed scheme performs the same as the conventional relaying scheme but obtains higher channel utilization efficiency. A variety of numerical results reveal the relaying can save the network energy up to 11 dB over single-hop transmission at BER of $10^{-3}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.933-937
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• 2007

대형 무선 센서 네트워크(WSNs)는 일반적으로 수백에서 수천 개의 센서 노드들로 구성되어 있다. 이러한 대형 WSNs에서는 네트워크의 수명연장을 위해서 비용 및 에너지를 고려한 에너지 효율성뿐만 아니라 네트워크의 유지 및 관리가 요구된다. 사용자는 효율적인 시스템을 통해서 사용자 수준의 센싱 서비스 품질이 제공받을 수 있어야 한다. 이 네트워크에서 사용자에게 제공되는 결과 데이터의 품질은 이벤트 검출에 관련된 센서들의 개수가 결정적인 역할을 한다. 그러므로 사용자 요구품질에 적합한 QoS를 제공할 수 있는 네트워크 프로토콜은 일부 센서 노드들에서 고장이 발생하더라고 전체 시스템 성능에 영향을 주지 않으면서, 동시에 에너지 소비가 최소화되도록 설계되어야 한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 프로토콜은 LEACH(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) 프로토콜을 기반으로 하며, 지속적인 감시가 요구되는 대형 네트워크에 적합한 역할 기반의 자가 구성 프로토콜을 제안하였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2012

In recent years, researchers have been attracted to clustering methods to improve communication and data transmission in a network. Compared with traditional wireless networks, wireless sensor networks are energy constrained and have lower data rates. The concept of implementing a clustering algorithm in an existing project on gateway relocation is being explored here. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is applied to an existing study on relocating a gateway. The study is further improved by moving the gateway to a specific cluster based on the number or significance of the events detected. The protocol is improved so that each cluster head can communicate with a mobile gateway. The cluster heads are the only nodes that can communicate with the mobile gateway when it (the mobile gateway) is out of the cluster nodes' transmission range. Once the gateway is in range, the nodes will begin their transmission of real-time data. This alleviates the load of the nodes that would be located closest to the gateway if it were static.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.5B
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• pp.801-808
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• 2010

LEACH, one of hierarchical based routing protocols, was proposed for energy efficiency which is the most important requirement of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN). LEACH protocol is composed of a cluster of certain large number of clusters, which have a cluster head and member nodes. Member nodes send sensing data to their cluster heads, and the cluster heads aggregate the sensing data and transmit it to BS. The challenges of LEACH protocol are that cluster heads are not evenly distributed, and energy consumption to transmit aggregated data from Cluster heads directly to BS is excessive. This study, to improve LEACH protocol, suggests LECEEP that transmit data to contiguity cluster head that is the nearest and not far away BS forming chain between cluster head, and then the nearest cluster head from BS transmit aggregated data finally to BS. According to simulation, LECEEP consumes less energy and retains more number of survival node than LEACH protocol.