• Title/Summary/Keyword: LDL/HDL ratio

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Association of Hypertension with Cluster of Obesity, Abnormal glucose and Dyslipidemia in Korean Urban Population (한국인의 일부 도시인에서 비만, 이상혈당, 이상지질혈증의 집락과 고혈압의 관련성)

  • Lee, Kang-Sook;Kim, Jeong-Ah;Park, Chung-Yill
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.31 no.1 s.60
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    • pp.59-71
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    • 1998
  • To examine the association of hypertension with cluster of obesity, abnormal glucose and dyslipidemia in Korean urban population, we conducted this cross-sectional study among 3027 men and 2127 women age 20-85 years who visited a prevention center between May 1991 and June 1995 for a multiphasic health check at St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul. By the self-administered questionnaire, the informations of educational attainments, monthly income, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and physical excercise level were obtained. Height, weight, and blood pressure were measured by a trained nurse. The fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride were tested by enzyme method. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was calculated by 'total cholesterol - HDL cholesterol - triglyceride/5'. For testing the differences of cardiovascular risk factors between hypertension and normotension group, 1-test and $\chi^2$-test were performed. For the age adjusted odds ratios of hypertension in persons with obesity, abnormal glucose, and dyslipidemia compared with normal, logistic regression was performed by using SAS pakageprograme. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Age, weight, body mass index(BMI), blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride of hypertension group in men and women were significantly higher than normotension group, but height and HDL cholesterol of hypertension group only in women significantly lower than normotension group. The frequency of obesity $(BMI\geq25kg/m^2)$, abnormal glucose $(\geq\;120mg/dl)$, hypercholesterolemia $(\geq\;240mg/dl)$, lower HDL cholesterol (<45 mg/dl in women only), higher LDL cholesterol $(\geq\;160mg/dl)$, and hyper hypertriglyceridemia $(\geq\;250mg/dl)$ in hypertension group of men and women were significantly higher than normotension group. 2. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were negatively correlated with hight, but positively with age, weight, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride in men and women. BMI was positively correlated with fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride but negatively with HDL cholesterol. 3. The age adjusted odds ratios of hypertension were as follows in men and women : among persons who were obese compared with those nonobese, 2.53 (95% Confidence Intervals [C.I.] 2.08-3.07) and 2.22 (95%C.I. 1.71-2.87): among persons who were abnormal glucose compared with those normoglycemic, 1.43 (95%C.I 1.13-1.82) and 2.01 (95%C.I 1.36-2.94): and among persons who were dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia or lower HDL cholesterol or higher LDL cholesterol or hypertriglyceridemia) compared with those normal lipid, 1.59 (95%C.I 1.30-1.95) and 1.51 (95%C.I 1.16-1.96). After combined more than one risk factor, the odds ratios were increased. Among persons with cluster of obesity, abnormal glucose, and dyslipidemia, the odds ratio of hypertension was 2.25 (95%C.I 1.47-3.37) in men and 3.02 (95%C.I 1.71-5.30) in women. In conclusion, it was suggested that hypertension was associated with cluster of obesity, abnormal glucose, dyslipidemia in this Korean urban population.

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Cholesterol-lowering Effects of Unripe Black Raspberry Water Extract (복분자 미숙과 물추출물의 콜레스테롤 개선 효과)

  • Choi, Hye Ran;Lee, Su Jung;Lee, Jung-Hyun;Kwon, Ji Wung;Lee, Hee Kwon;Jeong, Jong Tae;Lee, Tae-Bum
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.42 no.12
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    • pp.1899-1907
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    • 2013
  • We investigated the effects of unripe black raspberry water extract (UBR-W) and oxidation-LDL treatment on cholesterol levels. Experiments using an established human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) showed a time-dependent increase in expression of LDL receptor after UBR-W treatment. Expression of LDL receptor-related genes, such as SREBP1 and 2, increased upon UBR-W treatment. However, expression of HDL-related genes was unaffected by UBR-W. HMG-CoA reductase activity was reduced by UBR-W treatment, whereas HMG-CoA mRNA expression significantly increased. In addition, the ApoB/ApoA1 mRNA level, which is a predictor of cardiovascular risk, was reduced in a time-dependent manner by UBR-W treatment. Macrophage-like cells (RAW 264.7) showed increased expression of ox-LDL-related genes, such as CD36, scavenger receptor-A, adipophilin, and PPAR-gamma, upon ox-LDL treatment compared to untreated control cells, and quantitative lipid analysis indicated a dramatic increase in lipid accumulation. However, UBR-W treatment significantly reduced expression of ox-LDL-related genes and largely prevented lipid accumulation. The results indicate that UBR-W mediates a cholesterol-lowering effect via inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and induction of LDL uptake through SREBP.

The Effects of Smoking on Nutritional Intake, Dietary Behaviors and Blood Lipid Profile of College Students in the Gyeonggi Area (경기지역 일부 남자대학생의 흡연여부가 영양섭취와 건강관련 생활습관 및 혈중 지질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Su-Ra;Song, Kyung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.407-417
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    • 2003
  • This study was performed to investigate nutritional intake, the dietary behaviors and plasma lipid profile between smokers and non-smokers of college male students in the Gyeonggi Area. Dietary behaviors and attitude toward smoking were investigated by questionnaires. The result obtained were as follows: There was no significant difference in anthropometric measurements between smokers and nonsmokers. There was no significant difference in dietary behaviors. However, smokers tended to eat more snacks and desserts than nonsmokers. In plasma lipid levels, smokers had higher levels of plasma triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol than that of non-smokers(p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol level of smokers was a lower than that of non-smokers although the difference was not significant. AI(Atherogenic Index), Total /HDL cholesterol ratio and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio of smokers were significantly higher than that of non-smokers(p<0.01). BMI and SBP showed positive correlation with triglyceride(p<0.01) and VLDL-cholesterol(p<0.01). DBP showed positive correlation with triglyceride(p<0.001) and VLDL-cholesterol(p<0.01).

The Association of Blood Pressures and Blood Biochemical Properties with BMI in Health Checkup Examinees (종합건강검진 수검자들의 비만수준과 혈압, 혈액학적 및 혈액생화학적 지표와의 관련성)

  • Park, Kyu-Ri;Cho, Young-Chae
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.12 no.7
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    • pp.3072-3081
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of blood pressures, hematological and blood biochemical properties according to the degree of obesity based on differential combinations of BMI in health checkup examinees. Study subjects were 3,731 adults of 20 years and over (2,312 males, 1,419 females), not recognized as taking medicines for or having cardiovascular diseases, who underwent health package check-up at the Korea Association of Health Promotion, Daejeon Branch from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2009. As a results, the mean values of SBP, DBP, TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP were significantly increased with higher level of BMI, but the HDL-C was significantly decreased with higher level of BMI. On correlation of BMI with various factors, the BMI was positively correlated with SBP, DBP, TG, TC, LDL-C and GGT, while the HDL-C was negatively correlated. Based on the result of ordinal logistic regression analysis, the risk ratio to the abnormal level of SBP, DBP, TG, ALT and GGT were significantly increased as BMI increased.

Relationship between Lipoprotein(a) and Dyslipidemia in the Elderly over 60 Years (60세 이상 노인에서 혈중 지단백(a)와 이상지질혈증의 관련성)

  • Seo, Yo-Han;Shin, Hee-Young
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2022
  • The relationship between lipoprotein(a) and dyslipidemia is not clear. This study was therefore undertaken to investigate the relationship between lipoprotein(a) and dyslipidemia in elderly patients over 60 years. From 2014 to 2020, a total of 2,580 adults aged 60 years or older (73.31±7.24 years, 1,954 males) were enrolled in the study. The patients had checked into a general hospital, and data were obtained for lipoprotein(a), LDL-C, TG, HDL-C, hs-CRP, HbA1c, sex, age, BMI, dyslipidemia diagnosis, and use of lipid-lowering agents. BMI and HbA1c showed no correlation with lipoprotein(a), but hs-CRP (r=0.138), LDL-C (r=0.097), HDL-C (r=-0.089), TG (r=-0.073), and age (r=0.072) were significantly correlated to lipoprotein(a). The partial correlation between lipoprotein(a) and LDL-C, which was adjusted for variables, was significant only in the male gender (r=0.158, P<0.001). As the odds ratio of the 4th quartile of lipoprotein(a) (OR=1.376, 95% CI=1.038~1.822) for dyslipidemia was found to be significant in this study when the level of LDL-C, the primary target, could not be reduced even by taking lipid-lowering drugs, we propose that lipoprotein(a) should also be included among the several factors considered as secondary targets. Our results indicate that studies on various lipid factors considering the sex, age, types and use of lipid-lowering agents, are warranted.

Effects of Dietary Soy Protein and Soy Isoflavones on Cerebral Infarction Size and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in a Rat Focal Ischemia Model

  • Park, Kyung-Ae;Lee, Hee-Joo;Park, Myung-Sook;Lee, Joung-Hee;Jeon, Sang-Eun;Yoon, Byung-Woo;Choi-Kwon, Smi
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.240-247
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    • 2006
  • In this study we investigated the neuroprotective, antioxidative, and hypocholestrolemic effects of dietary soy protein and soy isoflavone in a rat focal brain ischemia model. Weaning Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a 20% casein-based diet (CA), 20% soy protein-based diet (SP), or 0.2% soy isoflavones-supplemented diet (ISO) for 6 weeks. The cortical infarction volume of the ISO group was significantly lower than that of the SP group. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were considerably lower in the ISO group than the CA group. Glutatbione peroxidase activities of the SP group were notably higher than those of the CA group. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities of the SP group were significantly decreased compared to the CA group. LDL cholesterol levels and LDL/HDL ratios of the ISO group were lower than those of the CA and SP groups. Our results collectively suggest that soy isoflavones may contribute to neuroprotection by reducing the TBARS and serum LDL/HDL ratio, whereas soy protein may be associated with the regulation of cognitive functions by modulating AchE activity.

Polyunsaturated/saturated Fatty Acid Ratios and Antioxidant Supplementation under the Control of Dietary Peroxidizability Index Value: Impact on Serum Lipid Profiles in Young and Adult Rats

  • Kang, Min Jeong;Lee, Eun Kyung;Lee, Sang Sun
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.10-15
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    • 2005
  • An increase in serum cholesterol is directly associated with high incidences of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and atherosclerosis. Serum lipid profiles are highly dependent on dietary fatty acids and age. The purpose of this study was to examine the age-related effects of polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratios and antioxidant supplementation under the control of the dietary peroxidizability index (PI) value on serum lipid profiles in rats. While the PI level of dietary fatty acids was controlled at 81.22, the P/S ratios of fatty acids were 0.38 and 4.81 (LP and HP). The diets were supplemented with a vitamin E 1000 mg/kg diet and a selenium 2.5 mg/kg diet (LPS and HPS). Female Sprague-Dawley rats ages 3 weeks (young) and 16 weeks (adult) were fed four different experimental diets for 4 weeks. The serum triglyceride concentration of LPS was significantly higher in young rats than in adult rats. The total-cholesterol concentration of LP and HPS were higher in young rats than in adult rats. The high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration of LP, LPS and HP was higher in adult rats than in young rats. The low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration was higher in young rats than in adult rats. T-C/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were much higher in young rats than in adult rats. In conclusion, P/S ratios and antioxidant supplementation did not affect T-C/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios as risk factors of CVD in adult rats when we controlled the PI value in the diet Probably, the invisible and confounding effects of dietary PI value implicate the beneficial roles of dietary P/S ratios and antioxidants in CVD. Accordingly, controlling the dietary PI value may be advantageous to lower the risk of CVD in adult rats.

Effects of Sea Tangle (Laminaria japonica) and Fucoidan Components on Chronic Degenerative Diseases (만성퇴행성 질환에 미치는 다시마(Laminaria japonica)와 후코이단 성분의 영향)

  • 최진호;김대익;박수현;김동우;이종수;유종현;정유섭
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.430-438
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    • 1999
  • This study was designed to investigate the effects of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) extract and fucoidan components on chronic degenerative diseases. Sprague-Dawley(SD) male rats (210$\pm$5g) were fed experimental diets: Dasi-Ex group: dasima extract powder of 4.0% added to control diet; Fuco-I, II and III groups: fucoidan powder of 1, 2 and 3% added to Dasi-Ex group for 45 days. Triglyceride (TG) levels in serum were significantly lower (10~15%) in Fuco-I, II and III groups compared with control group. Total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased (7~10% and 15~ 35%) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of Fuco-II and III group compared with control group. LDL-cholesterol levels were remarkably decreased (20~30%) in Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I, II, III groups, but HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly increased (10~12%) in Fuco-II and III groups only compared with control group. The ratios of HDL/total cholesterol resulted in a marked increase (3 5~55%) in Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I, II, III groups, but atherogenic indices were remakably decreased (40~50%) in Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I, II, III groups compared with control group. Membrane fluidities were remarkably increased (45~70% and 38~42%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of Fuco-II and III groups compared with control group. Administrations of fucoidan added to dasima effectively decreased TG, total and LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index, while also effectively increased HDL-cholesterol, HDL/total cholesterol ratio, and membrane fluidity, suggesting chronic degenerative diseases were very effectively prevented by the administration of fucoidan component.

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Effects of Black Soybean Supplement on Female Hormones, Serum Lipids and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged Women (중년 여성에서 검은콩 보충 섭취가 여성 호르몬 및 혈중 지질 농도에 미치는 영향)

  • Ko, Kyoung-Eh;Kang, Ji-Yeon;Han, Chae-Jeong
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.341-349
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    • 2012
  • This study was aimed to investigate whether or not black soybean supplements affect levels of lipid profiles and female hormone (estradiol; E2, estrogen; Es) in 57 middle-aged women (in their 40s and 50s). All subjects were randomly assigned to the control or black soybean supplement group (BSS group). The BSS group was allocated to use dietary black soybean supplements (100 g/day) for 8 weeks. The BSS subjects were divided into two subgroups; 14 women were in the premenopausal group and 15 were in the postmenopausal group. We measured lipid profiles, female hormones and nutrient intakes at 0 weesk and 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly decreased (P<0.01) and the athrogenic index (AI) was significantly increased (P<0.01) in control group. In BSS group, triglyceride (TG) (P<0.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P<0.01) and LDL-HDL ratio (LHR) (P<0.01) were significantly decreased. However, E2 and Es were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared to the control group, the BSS group revealed statistically significant improvements in the levels of TG, HDL-cholesterol, AI, LHR, E2 and Es (P<0.05). In the premenopausal group, HDL-cholesterol (P<0.05), E2 (P<0.01) and Es (P<0.05) were significantly increased and AI (P<0.01) and LHR (P<0.01) were significantly decreased after 8 weeks. In the postmenopausal group, E2 (P<0.05), and Es (P<0.05) were significantly decreased. However, total cholesterol (TC) was increased (P<0.01). Compared to the postmenopausal group, the premenopausal group was significantly improved on HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and LHR (P<0.05). In conclusion, black soybean supplements may have beneficial effects on improving lipid profiles and female hormones.

The Link between Health-related Physical Fitness Level and Cardiovascular Disease-related Risk Factors (건강체력 수준과 심혈관질환 관련 위험인자와의 관련성)

  • Ka, Sung-Soon;Kim, Jung-Soo;Lee, Mi-Young;Kim, Seok-Han;Jeong, Hae-Cheon;Lee, Min-Ki;Lee, Gyu-Seung
    • Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the link between health-related physical fitness level and cardiovascular disease-related risk factors in adult male workers. Methods: We tested cardiovascular disease-related risk factors (waist circumference, SBP, DPB, fasting glucose, TC, HDL-C, TG, LDL-C) and health-related physical fitness ($VO_2max$, grip, Sit-up, Flexibility, Body fat) and divided health-related physical fitness level of the subjects into 3 groups - A (very good, n=56), B (good, n=59), and C (below-average, n=57) according to the criterion of the Health and Fitness counseling guidelines of KOSHA. The statistical techniques such as standard deviation, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression (p<.05) were used. Results: There were significant differences between group C and group B & A (p<.001) in waist circumference, DBP, Fasting glucose, HDL-C, TG, LDL-C. In TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, Group C was higher than group B and A. Conclusion: On the basis of these results, we identified that improvement of health-related physical fitness level positively effects on the decrease of cardiovascular disease-related risk factors.