• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1996년도 제10회 식물생명공학심포지움 고등식물 발생생물학의 최근 진보
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• pp.48-60
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• 1996

We previously identified and characterized a predominantly pollen-expressed gene of Petunia inflata that encodes a receptor-like kinase named PRK1. The extracellular domain of PRK1 contains leucine-rich repeats which have been implicated in protein-protein interactions, and the cytoplasmic domain was found to autophosphorylate on serine and tyrosine. To investigate the function PRK1 in pollen development, we transformed P. inflata plants with a construct containing the promoter of a predominantly pollen-expressed gene of tomato, LAT52, fused to an antisense PRK1 cDNA corresponding to part of the extracellular domain of PRK1, There transgenic plants were found to each produce approximately equal amounts of normal and aborted pollen. Analysis of the inheritance of the transgene inserts in two of the transgenic plants, ASRK-13 and ASRK-20, to their progeny revealed that certain transgene inserts cosegregated with the pollen abortion phenotype. Microscopic examination of the aborted pollen grains showed that their outer wall, the exine, was essentially normal, but that their cytoplasm contained only starch-like granules. Staining of the nuclei of the microspores at different stages of uninucleate stage. However, at subsequent stages half of the microspores completed mitosis and developed into normal binucleate pollen, but the other half initially remained uninucleate, then lost their nucleio. Analysis of the amounts of PRK1 mRNA and the antisense PRK1 transcript suggested that the pollen abortion phenotype most likely resulted from down-regulation of the PRK1 gene by the antisense PRK1 transgene. These results suggest that PRK1 plays an essential role in a signal transduction pathway that mediates post-meiotic development of microspores.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2001

GIDL(Gate-Induced Drain-Leakage)을 줄일 수 있는 새로운 구조의 ESD(Elevated Source Drain) MOSFET을 제안하고 분석하였다. 제안된 구조는 SDE(Source Drain Extension) 영역이 들려진 형태를 갖고 있어서 SDE 임플란트시 매우 낮은 에너지 이온주입으로 인한 저활성화(low-activation) 효과를 방지 할 수 있다. 제안된 구조는 건식 식각 및 LAT(Large-Angle-Tilted) 이온주입 방법을 사용하여 소오스/드레인 구조를 결정한다. 기존의 LDD MOSFET과의 비교 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안된 ESD MOSFET은 전류 구동능력은 가장 크면서 GIDL 및 DIBL(Drain Induced Barrier Lowering) 값은 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. GIDL 전류가 감소되는 원인으로는 최대 전계의 위치가 드레인 쪽으로 이동함에 따라 최대 밴드간 터널링이 일어나는 곳에서의 최대 전계값이 감소되기 때문이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.316-322
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• 2001

감각신경아세포종으로 생후 1년 6개월부터 약 1년간 6주기의 화학요법과 생후 1년 6개월에 29회에 걸친 방사선 조사(AP 4540 R+LAT 1080 R : total 5620 R)를 받은 후, 후유증으로 상악치아 및 상악골의 발육장애를 보이는 10세 남아의 임상적, 방사선학적 관찰 및 치료 후 다음과 같은 지견을 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 1. 성장중인 어린이에서 악성종양의 치료를 위한 방사선 조사는 연조직 및 경조직(골, 연골, 치아)등의 성장장애를 유발할 수 있으므로 시술 전 충분한 고려가 필요하다. 2. 치배의 손상은 치관 및 치근의 형성장애를 유발하고 이에 따라 치조골의 성장장애가 나타나므로 치근이 없는 치아일지라도 치조골의 흡수를 억제하기 위하여 hawley type의 부분의치 등을 이용하여 잔존시켜야 한다. 3. 향후 성장이 완료된 이후(만 18세 이상)에 무치근 치아 및 무치악 부위에 틀니(denture)나 임플란트 등의 보철수복이 필요할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2012

There are increasing demands from the industry for intelligent robot-calibration solutions, which can be tightly integrated to the manufacturing process. A proposed solution can simplify conventional robot-calibration and teaching methods without tedious procedures and lengthy training time. iGPS(Indoor GPS) system is a laser based real-time dynamic tracking/measurement system. The key element is acquiring and reporting three-dimensional(3D) information, which can be accomplished as an integrated system or as manual contact based measurements by a user. A 3D probe is introduced as the user holds the probe in his hand and moves the probe tip over the object. The X, Y, and Z coordinates of the probe tip are measured in real-time with high accuracy. In this paper, a new approach of robot-calibration and teaching system is introduced by implementing a 3D measurement system for measuring and tracking an object with motions in up to six degrees of freedom. The general concept and kinematics of the metrology system as well as the derivations of an error budget for the general device are described. Several experimental results of geometry and its related error identification for an easy compensation / teaching method on an industrial robot will also be included.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze 'response time', 'peak response time' and 'overshoot value' for each muscle by applying the EMG signal to the vehicle response in ISO 7401 and to quantify the response of the driver according to vehicle characteristics by comparing vehicle characteristics and muscle responses of the driver. Background: The Open-loop test defined in international standards ISO 7401 is the only method for evaluating the performance of the vehicle. However, this test was focused only on mechanical responses, not driver's ones. Method: One skilled male driver(22 yrs. experience) was participated in this experiment to measure muscle activities of the driver in transient state. Then the seven muscle signals were applied to calculate 'response time', 'peak response time', and 'overshoot value'. Results: In the analyses of the EMG data, the effects of vehicle type and muscle were statistically significant on the 'response time' and 'peak response time'. Also, the effects of vehicle type, muscle, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'overshoot value' in this study. According to the analyses of the vehicle motion data, vehicle motion variable(LatAcc, Roll, YawVel) was statistically significant on the 'response time' and vehicle type, vehicle motion variable, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'peak response time', respectively. Conclusion: In the analyses of the 'response time' and 'overshoot value', the data of muscle activities(EMGs) was better index that could evaluate the vehicle characteristic and performance than the data of vehicle motion. In case of peak response time, both EMG and vehicle motion data were good index. Application: The EMGs data from a driver might be applicable as index for evaluation of various vehicle performances based on this study.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.231-242
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• 1992

분 연구에서는 수치모형을 이용하여 조류 및 취송류의 순환형태를 고찰하였다. 사용된 모형은 유체의 운동 및 연속방정식에 기초한 연직평균 2차편 모형으로서 양해법을 사용하며, 개방경계에서의 해수면 변화와 바람의 전단력에 의한 forcing을 포함한다. 모형의 영역은 북위 35$^{\circ}$~36$^{\circ}$40', 동경 125$^{\circ}$~126$^{\circ}$40'이며 경사간격은 x, y 방향 공히 5km이다. 피해측에서 22일간 관측된 조석(2개 지점) 및 조류(1개 지점) 자료와 비교한 결과 본 모형은 4개 주요 분조에 의한 조석 및 조류를 정확도 90% 이내로 재현하였다. 여섯 가지 경우의 가상적인 바람에 대한 해석을 통하여 흐름의 분포양상과 지역적인 특성을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 풍향에 관계 없이 강한 연안류가 발생하며, 또한 해저지형의 영향으로 부안 외해측에 주반경 40km의 지역적인 과류가 발생함을 확인하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.575-581
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• 1995

Plasmid pTTY2에 의한 competent cell(P90c/$\phi$ 434)의 형질전환에 의하여 lipase를 생성하는 재조합 대장균(P90c/따434/pTTY2)을 합성하였다. Li pase 활성 조사를 위한 LAT plate, Rhodamine B plate를 이용한 실험에서 P90c/$\phi$434의 경우 halo 형성이 없었고, P90c/$\phi$434/pTTY2의 경우 용해시 켜 얻은 상등액과 용해되지 않은 미생물을 물리적으 로 깨 서 얻은 상등액 모두 halo를 형성하였다. P90c/$\phi$434/pTTY2에 대한 IPTG 유도시점, 유도 시간이 $\phi$434에 의한 미생물 용해에 미치는 영향을 살펴 봄으로써 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 재조합 대장균의 효과적인 용해는 ODGOO 0.5 ~ 2 2.5인 초기 exponential growth phase에서 IPTG 로 유도한 후, mitomycin C 첨가나 uv조사에 의 해 이루어진다. 2. 재조합 대장균의 용해는 IPTG 유도시간이 1 시간일 때 가장 효과적이었으며, 이후 유도시간이 증가할수록 감소하여 유도시간이 4시간일 때는 세포 용해가 이루어지지 않는다. 3. 실험한 범위에서 uv조사보다 mitomycin C 첨가가 세포 용해에 더 효과적이다. 본 연구결과가 대규모의 생물공학 생산물의 정제 에 응용되기 위해서는 고농도 세포에서의 세포용해 에 대한 연구가 펼요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.39-42
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate effects of nutrition education on diet program S-28 for a per-iod of 5 months. The participants in this diet program were 40 Chungkang college female students with over 30% body fat. During the first 2 weeks they were provided 800kcal a day and 1,200kcal a day for the lat 2 weeks. Since then weight maintenance program was continued. Exercise and nutrition e여-cation program for nutrition knowledge attitude and food habit were conducted during the entire test period, Results during the test period were as follows : 1) Weight loww was statistically significant from 69.5$\pm$4.9kg at the beginning to65.6$\pm$3.0kg(P<0.01) in 3 months to 63.2$\pm$3.5kg(P<0.01) in the 5th month. 2) Obesity rate was significantly decreased from 23.9$\pm$12.1% to 21.3$\pm$9.2%(P<0.05) in 3 mon-ths to 19.7$\pm$8.5% in the 5th month. 3) BMI was significantly declined from 27.3$\pm$1.5kg/m2 to 26.1$\pm$1. 2kg/m2(P<0.01) in 3 months to 25.7$\pm$0.9kg/m2(P<0.05) in 3 months to 28.2$\pm$1.8%(p<0.05) in the 5th month. 5) The mean scores of food habit were 33.4$\pm$4.5 at the beginning 35.2$\pm$3.7 in 3 mon-손 37.4$\pm$4.0 in the 5th month and each of nutrition attitude was 53.8$\pm$5.3, 58.0$\pm$6.2. There-fore these data showed that effects of nutrition education on diet program S-28 were feflected remark-ably not only in the antropmetric measurements but also in the mean scores of food habit and nu-trition attitude.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1977

공기부유진내(空氣浮游塵內)에 존재(存在)하는 라돈 붕괴생성물(崩壞生成物) 즉(卽) RaA, RaB및 RaC의 간단(簡單)한 농도측정법(濃度測定法)을 확립(確立)하였다. 이것은 단일집진장치(單一集塵裝置)로 membrane 여과지(濾過紙)(평균(平均) pore size=$0.8{\mu}m$)에 채취(採取)한 시료(試料)의 전(全)알파 방사능(放射能)을 시차별(時差別)로 측정(測定)하므로서 농도(濃度)를 결정(決定)하는 방법(方法)이다. 일연(一聯)의 예비실험(豫備實驗)으로써 이 방법(方法)을 이용(利用)하여 한국원자력연구소(韓國原子力硏究所) 구내(構內)에서 라돈 붕괴생성물(崩壞生成物)의 시간적(時間的) 농도변화(濃度變化)를 측정(測定)하였다. 이들 농도(濃度)의 시간적(時間的) 변화(變化)는 심(甚)하였는데 대개(大槪)의 경우(境遇) 최고치(最高値)는 대기(大氣)의 밀도(密度)가 비교적(比較的) 높은 아침에 나타났고 최고치(最高値)는 기(其) 반대(反對)인 오후(午後)에 나타났다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2020

Repetitive changes in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) triggers egg activation, including cortical granule exocytosis, resumption of second meiosis, block to polyspermy, and initiating embryonic development. [Ca²⁺]i oscillations that continue for several hours, are required for the early events of egg activation and possibly connected to further development to the blastocyst stage. The sources of Ca²⁺ ion elevation during [Ca²⁺]i oscillations are Ca²⁺ release from endoplasmic reticulum through inositol 1,4,5 tri-phosphate receptor and Ca²⁺ ion influx through Ca²⁺ channel on the plasma membrane. Ca²⁺ channels have been characterized into voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels (VDCCs), ligand-gated Ca²⁺ channel, and leak-channel. VDCCs expressed on muscle cell or neuron is specified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R type VDCs by their activation threshold or their sensitivity to peptide toxins isolated from cone snails and spiders. The present study was aimed to investigate the localization pattern of N and P/Q type voltage-dependent calcium channels in mouse eggs and the role in fertilization. [Ca²⁺]i oscillation was observed in a Ca²⁺ contained medium with sperm factor or adenophostin A injection but disappeared in Ca²⁺ free medium. Ca²⁺ influx was decreased by Lat A. N-VDCC specific inhibitor, ω-Conotoxin CVIIA induced abnormal [Ca²⁺]i oscillation profiles in SrCl₂ treatment. N or P/Q type VDC were distributed on the plasma membrane in cortical cluster form, not in the cytoplasm. Ca²⁺ influx is essential for [Ca²⁺]i oscillation during mammalian fertilization. This Ca²⁺ influx might be controlled through the N or P/Q type VDCCs. Abnormal VDCCs expression of eggs could be tested in fertilization failure or low fertilization eggs in subfertility women.